• Engaged tone

    From Jeff Layman@Jeff@invalid.invalid to uk.telecom on Tue Apr 14 09:57:39 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    Years ago with POTS if you got a constantly engaged tone you could phone
    the operator and ask if there really was someone on the line. They could
    check and tell if there was a conversation going on or not, and perhaps
    the phone had been left "off the hook".

    I assume that this is still possible with purely analogue lines in some
    way, but what about Digital Voice?
    --
    Jeff

    --- Synchronet 3.21f-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Theo@theom+news@chiark.greenend.org.uk to uk.telecom on Tue Apr 14 12:14:12 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    Jeff Layman <Jeff@invalid.invalid> wrote:
    Years ago with POTS if you got a constantly engaged tone you could phone
    the operator and ask if there really was someone on the line. They could check and tell if there was a conversation going on or not, and perhaps
    the phone had been left "off the hook".

    I assume that this is still possible with purely analogue lines in some
    way, but what about Digital Voice?

    Can operators listen in on digitally switched analogue calls? I thought
    that is something that needs a wire tapping permission (police warrant
    etc)?

    Theo
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  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.telecom on Tue Apr 14 13:00:57 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    On Tue, 14 Apr 2026 09:57:39 +0100, Jeff Layman <Jeff@invalid.invalid>
    wrote:

    Years ago with POTS if you got a constantly engaged tone you could phone
    the operator and ask if there really was someone on the line. They could >check and tell if there was a conversation going on or not, and perhaps
    the phone had been left "off the hook".

    I assume that this is still possible with purely analogue lines in some
    way, but what about Digital Voice?

    'Years ago' ... Didn't Mr Strowger - who was an undertaker - invent
    the automatic exchange because the operator was listening into his
    calls and passing the business to another undertaker?
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  • From Richmond@dnomhcir@gmx.com to uk.telecom on Tue Apr 14 13:22:02 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    Jeff Layman <Jeff@invalid.invalid> writes:

    Years ago with POTS if you got a constantly engaged tone you could
    phone the operator and ask if there really was someone on the
    line. They could check and tell if there was a conversation going on
    or not, and perhaps the phone had been left "off the hook".

    I assume that this is still possible with purely analogue lines in
    some way, but what about Digital Voice?

    I get an engaged tone when people hang up at the end of the call. I
    think it comes from the router. It's probably the VOIP equivalent of
    "Oops, something went wrong".
    --- Synchronet 3.21f-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From JMB99@mb@nospam.net to uk.telecom on Tue Apr 14 20:07:23 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    On 14/04/2026 12:14, Theo wrote:
    Can operators listen in on digitally switched analogue calls? I thought
    that is something that needs a wire tapping permission (police warrant
    etc)?


    I suspect that it is if for technical reasons.


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  • From Bob Latham@bob@sick-of-spam.invalid to uk.telecom on Wed Apr 15 11:59:06 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    In article <C4l*HH4DA@news.chiark.greenend.org.uk>,
    Theo <theom+news@chiark.greenend.org.uk> wrote:
    Jeff Layman <Jeff@invalid.invalid> wrote:

    Years ago with POTS if you got a constantly engaged tone you
    could phone the operator and ask if there really was someone on
    the line. They could check and tell if there was a conversation
    going on or not, and perhaps the phone had been left "off the
    hook".

    I assume that this is still possible with purely analogue lines
    in some way, but what about Digital Voice?

    Can operators listen in on digitally switched analogue calls? I
    thought that is something that needs a wire tapping permission
    (police warrant etc)?

    When I worked for PO telephones and later BT, the groups switching
    centre (GSC) had a department called "service obs". In my GSC there
    were 3 or 4 ladies who listened in at random to the first minute or
    so of a new call to measure the quality of service. These weren't
    operator initiated calls these were Strowger auto calls.

    In my case this was a none director GSC and I've no idea if service
    obs exists today.

    Bob.

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  • From Jeff Layman@Jeff@invalid.invalid to uk.telecom on Sat Apr 18 22:17:28 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    On 14/04/2026 13:22, Richmond wrote:
    Jeff Layman <Jeff@invalid.invalid> writes:

    Years ago with POTS if you got a constantly engaged tone you could
    phone the operator and ask if there really was someone on the
    line. They could check and tell if there was a conversation going on
    or not, and perhaps the phone had been left "off the hook".

    I assume that this is still possible with purely analogue lines in
    some way, but what about Digital Voice?

    I get an engaged tone when people hang up at the end of the call. I
    think it comes from the router. It's probably the VOIP equivalent of
    "Oops, something went wrong".

    It seems strange that an engaged tone should be used when the connection
    has been terminated; if you hang on long enough does it change to a
    "call terminated" tone? What tone do you get when you dial an
    unobtainable number?
    --
    Jeff
    --- Synchronet 3.21f-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Richmond@dnomhcir@gmx.com to uk.telecom on Sat Apr 18 22:32:38 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    Jeff Layman <Jeff@invalid.invalid> writes:

    On 14/04/2026 13:22, Richmond wrote:
    Jeff Layman <Jeff@invalid.invalid> writes:

    Years ago with POTS if you got a constantly engaged tone you could
    phone the operator and ask if there really was someone on the
    line. They could check and tell if there was a conversation going on
    or not, and perhaps the phone had been left "off the hook".

    I assume that this is still possible with purely analogue lines in
    some way, but what about Digital Voice?
    I get an engaged tone when people hang up at the end of the call. I
    think it comes from the router. It's probably the VOIP equivalent of
    "Oops, something went wrong".

    It seems strange that an engaged tone should be used when the
    connection has been terminated; if you hang on long enough does it
    change to a "call terminated" tone? What tone do you get when you dial
    an unobtainable number?

    I don't know, but I suppose if I got an engaged tone, I wouldn't know if
    it was unobtainable or engaged.

    What's an example of an unobtainable number?
    --- Synchronet 3.21f-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Jeff Layman@Jeff@invalid.invalid to uk.telecom on Sun Apr 19 09:54:03 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    On 18/04/2026 22:32, Richmond wrote:
    Jeff Layman <Jeff@invalid.invalid> writes:

    On 14/04/2026 13:22, Richmond wrote:
    Jeff Layman <Jeff@invalid.invalid> writes:

    Years ago with POTS if you got a constantly engaged tone you could
    phone the operator and ask if there really was someone on the
    line. They could check and tell if there was a conversation going on
    or not, and perhaps the phone had been left "off the hook".

    I assume that this is still possible with purely analogue lines in
    some way, but what about Digital Voice?
    I get an engaged tone when people hang up at the end of the call. I
    think it comes from the router. It's probably the VOIP equivalent of
    "Oops, something went wrong".

    It seems strange that an engaged tone should be used when the
    connection has been terminated; if you hang on long enough does it
    change to a "call terminated" tone? What tone do you get when you dial
    an unobtainable number?

    I don't know, but I suppose if I got an engaged tone, I wouldn't know if
    it was unobtainable or engaged.

    So if you were given a phone number (making following a car accident and exchanging details with whoever gave you that number), and you phoned it
    and it was constantly engaged, you couldn't tell if it was genuinely
    engaged or, for example, an unobtainable fake number.

    I guess a few years ago you could call the BT operator to check, but how
    do you do it now? There are websites which claim to be able to check
    whether or not any number is real.

    What's an example of an unobtainable number?

    Not sure for certain how to find one. I tried the Experian confirmation utility at <https://www.edq.com/phone-verification/> by testing it with
    +44 800000000 and it reported:

    "No coverage

    Unable to detect the live status for the telephone network."

    So I called 0800000000 and found it was a number for The Prudential!

    I decided to change tack and search on "UK telephone reserved codes". At <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_dialling_codes_in_the_United_Kingdom#Code_prefixes>,
    it states that phone numbers beginning 04 and 06 are reserved codes, but doesn't explain what that means. Just for confusion, at <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom#Structure>
    it says that 04 and 06 are "Not in use"!

    I tried 04123456789 from my mobile and got the engaged tone. I then
    tried 06123456789 and got the same thing. I don't use my mobile for many calls, and haven't to my knowledge called an unobtainable number before, although I've had an engaged tone calling numbers I know are ok. Looks
    like Voip calls and mobile calls treat unobtainable numbers in the same
    way. I wonder why; is it because they're digital? What about DV
    (non-Voip) calls?
    --
    Jeff
    --- Synchronet 3.21f-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Richmond@dnomhcir@gmx.com to uk.telecom on Sun Apr 19 14:11:06 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    Jeff Layman <Jeff@invalid.invalid> writes:

    On 18/04/2026 22:32, Richmond wrote:
    Jeff Layman <Jeff@invalid.invalid> writes:

    On 14/04/2026 13:22, Richmond wrote:
    Jeff Layman <Jeff@invalid.invalid> writes:

    Years ago with POTS if you got a constantly engaged tone you could
    phone the operator and ask if there really was someone on the
    line. They could check and tell if there was a conversation going on >>>>> or not, and perhaps the phone had been left "off the hook".

    I assume that this is still possible with purely analogue lines in
    some way, but what about Digital Voice?
    I get an engaged tone when people hang up at the end of the call. I
    think it comes from the router. It's probably the VOIP equivalent of
    "Oops, something went wrong".

    It seems strange that an engaged tone should be used when the
    connection has been terminated; if you hang on long enough does it
    change to a "call terminated" tone? What tone do you get when you dial
    an unobtainable number?
    I don't know, but I suppose if I got an engaged tone, I wouldn't
    know if
    it was unobtainable or engaged.

    So if you were given a phone number (making following a car accident
    and exchanging details with whoever gave you that number), and you
    phoned it and it was constantly engaged, you couldn't tell if it was genuinely engaged or, for example, an unobtainable fake number.

    I guess a few years ago you could call the BT operator to check, but
    how do you do it now? There are websites which claim to be able to
    check whether or not any number is real.

    What's an example of an unobtainable number?

    Not sure for certain how to find one. I tried the Experian
    confirmation utility at <https://www.edq.com/phone-verification/> by
    testing it with +44 800000000 and it reported:

    "No coverage

    Unable to detect the live status for the telephone network."

    So I called 0800000000 and found it was a number for The Prudential!

    I decided to change tack and search on "UK telephone reserved
    codes". At <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_dialling_codes_in_the_United_Kingdom#Code_prefixes>,
    it states that phone numbers beginning 04 and 06 are reserved codes,
    but doesn't explain what that means. Just for confusion, at <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom#Structure>
    it says that 04 and 06 are "Not in use"!

    I tried 04123456789 from my mobile and got the engaged tone. I then
    tried 06123456789 and got the same thing. I don't use my mobile for
    many calls, and haven't to my knowledge called an unobtainable number
    before, although I've had an engaged tone calling numbers I know are
    ok. Looks like Voip calls and mobile calls treat unobtainable numbers
    in the same way. I wonder why; is it because they're digital? What
    about DV (non-Voip) calls?

    I tried a number beginning with 01441 which should not exist as that
    dialing code doesn't exist. I got a sound like this:

    ___ _ ___ _

    Whereas when I called my own number I got:

    __ __ __ __ __

    So there is a difference.
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  • From Andy Burns@usenet@andyburns.uk to uk.telecom on Sun Apr 19 15:33:00 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    Jeff Layman wrote:

    I decided to change tack and search on "UK telephone reserved codes". At <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ List_of_dialling_codes_in_the_United_Kingdom#Code_prefixes>, it states
    that phone numbers beginning 04 and 06 are reserved codes, but doesn't explain what that means. Just for confusion, at <https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom#Structure>
    it says that 04 and 06 are "Not in use"!

    Prior to ph[ONE]day, I had an 04 prefix mobile number from Vodafone
    (along with a full credit-card sized SIM).
    --- Synchronet 3.21f-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From David Woolley@david@ex.djwhome.demon.invalid to uk.telecom on Sun Apr 19 17:24:19 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    On 19/04/2026 14:11, Richmond wrote:
    ___ _ ___ _

    This is "equipment engaged", and is the tone equivalent of "all lines to
    xxxx are busy, please try again later". Done correctly, one length is
    louder than the other.

    __ __ __ __ __
    This is "subscriber engaged", where the phone is ringing or off hook.

    "Number unobtainable", which is what you are looking for, is a
    continuous tone, although normally replaced by a voice announcement.
    --- Synchronet 3.21f-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Richmond@dnomhcir@gmx.com to uk.telecom on Sun Apr 19 21:56:38 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    David Woolley <david@ex.djwhome.demon.invalid> writes:

    On 19/04/2026 14:11, Richmond wrote:
    ___ _ ___ _

    This is "equipment engaged", and is the tone equivalent of "all lines
    to xxxx are busy, please try again later". Done correctly, one length
    is louder than the other.

    __ __ __ __ __
    This is "subscriber engaged", where the phone is ringing or off hook.

    "Number unobtainable", which is what you are looking for, is a
    continuous tone, although normally replaced by a voice announcement.

    On my router there are two phone sockets and these have internal phone
    numbers **11 and **12 , so if I phone **11 from phone 1 I get a tone
    which is actually the equipment engaged tone above, but it must be
    coming from my router I guess because such a call need not go outside
    the router. Or maybe these tones are actually transmitted as error code
    and are then always translated into tones by the VOIP receiver or
    router?

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  • From David Wade@g4ugm@dave.invalid to uk.telecom on Sun Apr 19 22:24:52 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    On 19/04/2026 21:56, Richmond wrote:
    David Woolley <david@ex.djwhome.demon.invalid> writes:

    On 19/04/2026 14:11, Richmond wrote:
    ___ _ ___ _

    This is "equipment engaged", and is the tone equivalent of "all lines
    to xxxx are busy, please try again later". Done correctly, one length
    is louder than the other.

    __ __ __ __ __
    This is "subscriber engaged", where the phone is ringing or off hook.

    "Number unobtainable", which is what you are looking for, is a
    continuous tone, although normally replaced by a voice announcement.


    Aren't these SS7 call status tones

    On my router there are two phone sockets and these have internal phone numbers **11 and **12 , so if I phone **11 from phone 1 I get a tone
    which is actually the equipment engaged tone above, but it must be
    coming from my router I guess because such a call need not go outside
    the router. Or maybe these tones are actually transmitted as error code
    and are then always translated into tones by the VOIP receiver or
    router?

    well of course the call status is transmitted as a status code. The
    tones are generated locally! If the call isn't set up so you haven't
    selected a codec so you can't send a tone. Not sure if this is the
    current protocol defs...

    https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3261

    Dave
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  • From Richmond@dnomhcir@gmx.com to uk.telecom on Sun Apr 19 23:29:42 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    David Wade <g4ugm@dave.invalid> writes:

    On 19/04/2026 21:56, Richmond wrote:
    David Woolley <david@ex.djwhome.demon.invalid> writes:

    On 19/04/2026 14:11, Richmond wrote:
    ___ _ ___ _

    This is "equipment engaged", and is the tone equivalent of "all lines
    to xxxx are busy, please try again later". Done correctly, one length
    is louder than the other.

    __ __ __ __ __
    This is "subscriber engaged", where the phone is ringing or off hook.

    "Number unobtainable", which is what you are looking for, is a
    continuous tone, although normally replaced by a voice announcement.


    Aren't these SS7 call status tones

    On my router there are two phone sockets and these have internal phone
    numbers **11 and **12 , so if I phone **11 from phone 1 I get a tone
    which is actually the equipment engaged tone above, but it must be
    coming from my router I guess because such a call need not go outside
    the router. Or maybe these tones are actually transmitted as error code
    and are then always translated into tones by the VOIP receiver or
    router?

    well of course the call status is transmitted as a status code. The
    tones are generated locally! If the call isn't set up so you haven't
    selected a codec so you can't send a tone. Not sure if this is the
    current protocol defs...

    https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3261


    You say 'of course' as if it is obvious, but it isn't obvious to
    me. When I had an analogue line the tone would have been sent as a sound
    over the line in the same way as a voice. So how do I know that if I
    make a call to an analogue line the tone isn't created in the system
    somewhere and then sent as a sound (though digital) in the same way as
    voice?

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  • From Theo@theom+news@chiark.greenend.org.uk to uk.telecom on Mon Apr 20 08:53:39 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    Richmond <dnomhcir@gmx.com> wrote:
    David Wade <g4ugm@dave.invalid> writes:


    well of course the call status is transmitted as a status code. The
    tones are generated locally! If the call isn't set up so you haven't selected a codec so you can't send a tone. Not sure if this is the
    current protocol defs...

    https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3261


    You say 'of course' as if it is obvious, but it isn't obvious to
    me. When I had an analogue line the tone would have been sent as a sound
    over the line in the same way as a voice. So how do I know that if I
    make a call to an analogue line the tone isn't created in the system somewhere and then sent as a sound (though digital) in the same way as
    voice?

    Because that's not how SIP works. Status is sent by messages that look a bit like HTTP, and that is sent over the control channel long before audio is negotiated.

    Status is necessary to be sent out of band because your handset needs it -
    eg with just an audio channel you can't make it ring, or tell it the audio
    has ceased. Also status is needed when the endpoint isn't a human - eg if
    an autodialler makes a call it needs to know if the call was accepted,
    engaged, etc. The status does that easily without having to interpret tones
    on the line.

    In-band signalling was proved to be a bad idea since the 70s era Blue Box
    and 'phreaking' became a problem (in the US), which is why signalling is now out of band.

    Theo

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  • From David Woolley@david@ex.djwhome.demon.invalid to uk.telecom on Mon Apr 20 09:18:00 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    On 19/04/2026 21:56, Richmond wrote:
    Or maybe these tones are actually transmitted as error code
    and are then always translated into tones by the VOIP receiver or
    router?

    That would be the normal way of doing it with SIP. There is no point in keeping up a media path on a failed call.
    --- Synchronet 3.21f-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From David Woolley@david@ex.djwhome.demon.invalid to uk.telecom on Mon Apr 20 09:23:29 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.telecom

    On 19/04/2026 22:24, David Wade wrote:
    Aren't these SS7 call status tones

    SS7 doesn't use inband tones for signalling; these are purely for the
    humans. Some analogue carrier systems used 2600 Hz tones for signalling
    end of of call, which is the derivation of the name of the newsgroup
    alt.2600 (see blue box references in another reply). That is a much
    higher pitch than normal call progress tones.
    --- Synchronet 3.21f-Linux NewsLink 1.2