• 1950s cinema broadcast

    From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 10:39:51 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done? (1) I
    thought TV cameras were monochrome only. (2) I assume there were no TV
    screens large enough to use in a cinema (they were about 15 inches at
    the time) so was a projector involved? How did the images get to the
    cinema at all?
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From NY@me@privacy.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 11:05:36 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 23/07/2026 10:39, Scott wrote:
    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done? (1) I thought TV cameras were monochrome only. (2) I assume there were no TV screens large enough to use in a cinema (they were about 15 inches at
    the time) so was a projector involved? How did the images get to the
    cinema at all?

    I wonder if it *was* live. There was colour film shot of the Coronation,
    and I imagine copies of it were shown in cinemas in the days after it
    took place.

    Could your friend be merging two memories - of seeing it live on a small
    B&W TV screen, and seeing it again few days later in colour at the cinema.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Charles Hope@clh@candehope.me.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 10:15:03 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 23/07/2026 10:39, Scott wrote:
    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done? (1) I thought TV cameras were monochrome only. (2) I assume there were no TV screens large enough to use in a cinema (they were about 15 inches at
    the time) so was a projector involved? How did the images get to the
    cinema at all?

    I just remember an article in Eagle about this sort of thing.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 12:02:28 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 11:05:36 +0100, NY <me@privacy.net> wrote:

    On 23/07/2026 10:39, Scott wrote:
    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done? (1) I
    thought TV cameras were monochrome only. (2) I assume there were no TV
    screens large enough to use in a cinema (they were about 15 inches at
    the time) so was a projector involved? How did the images get to the
    cinema at all?

    I wonder if it *was* live. There was colour film shot of the Coronation,
    and I imagine copies of it were shown in cinemas in the days after it
    took place.

    Could your friend be merging two memories - of seeing it live on a small
    B&W TV screen, and seeing it again few days later in colour at the cinema.

    She says she went to the windows of the cinema to see the procession
    pass. Could it technically have been shown in monochrome in a cinema?
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From richard@richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk (Richard Tobin) to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 11:29:00 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    In article <mln36lpsq5v1jbh7eivdlcsofahirtjv9q@4ax.com>,
    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:
    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done?

    According to this article:

    https://www.earlytelevision.org/british_experimental.html

    the event was transmitted live in colour to Great Ormond Street
    hospital to bw viewed by children there.

    -- Richard
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From liz@liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid (Liz Tuddenham) to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 13:02:56 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done? (1) I thought TV cameras were monochrome only. (2) I assume there were no TV screens large enough to use in a cinema (they were about 15 inches at
    the time) so was a projector involved? How did the images get to the
    cinema at all?

    There were several television projection systems around at that time but
    they were all monochrome (not even frame-sequential colour). Perhaps
    she was conflating a live B&W television cinema show with a showing of
    the colour film later in the same cinema?
    --
    ~ Liz Tuddenham ~
    (Remove the ".invalid"s and add ".co.uk" to reply)
    www.poppyrecords.co.uk
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 13:41:34 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 13:02:56 +0100, liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid
    (Liz Tuddenham) wrote:

    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done? (1) I
    thought TV cameras were monochrome only. (2) I assume there were no TV
    screens large enough to use in a cinema (they were about 15 inches at
    the time) so was a projector involved? How did the images get to the
    cinema at all?

    There were several television projection systems around at that time but
    they were all monochrome (not even frame-sequential colour). Perhaps
    she was conflating a live B&W television cinema show with a showing of
    the colour film later in the same cinema?

    I was starting to wonder that too. I am fully confident she was not
    conflating being at a cinema and looking out of the window at the
    procession with being at home. (But see Richard's interesting link.)
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 13:46:33 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 11:29:00 -0000 (UTC), richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk
    (Richard Tobin) wrote:

    In article <mln36lpsq5v1jbh7eivdlcsofahirtjv9q@4ax.com>,
    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:
    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done?

    According to this article:

    https://www.earlytelevision.org/british_experimental.html

    the event was transmitted live in colour to Great Ormond Street
    hospital to bw viewed by children there.

    Fascinating. This seems to be a private television broadcast by Pye
    Limited from three TV cameras overlooking Parliament Square, not the
    extensive BBC coverage. As my friend's father worked Rank at the time,
    I wonder if there could have been some experimentation going on.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From liz@liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid (Liz Tuddenham) to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 13:50:34 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 11:05:36 +0100, NY <me@privacy.net> wrote:

    On 23/07/2026 10:39, Scott wrote:
    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done? (1) I
    thought TV cameras were monochrome only. (2) I assume there were no TV
    screens large enough to use in a cinema (they were about 15 inches at
    the time) so was a projector involved? How did the images get to the
    cinema at all?

    I wonder if it *was* live. There was colour film shot of the Coronation, >and I imagine copies of it were shown in cinemas in the days after it
    took place.

    Could your friend be merging two memories - of seeing it live on a small >B&W TV screen, and seeing it again few days later in colour at the cinema.

    She says she went to the windows of the cinema to see the procession
    pass. Could it technically have been shown in monochrome in a cinema?

    Yes, cinema-sized projection televisions were available by then. The
    optical research was done in the Netherlands much earlier but hidden
    during WWII.

    See Philips Technical review.
    --
    ~ Liz Tuddenham ~
    (Remove the ".invalid"s and add ".co.uk" to reply)
    www.poppyrecords.co.uk
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From richard@richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk (Richard Tobin) to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 13:00:24 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    In article <d2346lttlohe7fodvlb091s9s1trglmr44@4ax.com>,
    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    According to this article:

    https://www.earlytelevision.org/british_experimental.html

    the event was transmitted live in colour to Great Ormond Street
    hospital to bw viewed by children there.

    Fascinating. This seems to be a private television broadcast by Pye
    Limited from three TV cameras overlooking Parliament Square, not the >extensive BBC coverage. As my friend's father worked Rank at the time,
    I wonder if there could have been some experimentation going on.

    It seems unlikely to me that the only receivers would have been the
    ones in the hospital. Probably Pye had receivers set up somewhere for
    their own experimentation, and it's quite possible that others in the
    industry were invited and even brought their children along.

    -- Richard

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 15:26:10 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2026/7/23 12:2:28, Scott wrote:
    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 11:05:36 +0100, NY <me@privacy.net> wrote:

    On 23/07/2026 10:39, Scott wrote:
    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done? (1) I
    thought TV cameras were monochrome only. (2) I assume there were no TV
    screens large enough to use in a cinema (they were about 15 inches at
    the time) so was a projector involved? How did the images get to the
    cinema at all?

    I wonder if it *was* live. There was colour film shot of the Coronation,
    and I imagine copies of it were shown in cinemas in the days after it
    took place.

    Could your friend be merging two memories - of seeing it live on a small
    B&W TV screen, and seeing it again few days later in colour at the cinema.

    She says she went to the windows of the cinema to see the procession
    pass. Could it technically have been shown in monochrome in a cinema?

    I agree with others wondering whether she's conflating memories (perhaps
    of the colour), but certainly cinema projection has been around a Long
    Time - I remember reading an article on a Baird one, that used some sort
    of variable-transmission cell in front of a bright light (I think
    followed by mirrors rather than discs with holes in), rather than a variable-brightness cell as used in "Televisor" receivers (usually a
    neon). I'm sorry, I don't remember where I saw it - I think on the
    internet somewhere, but featuring shots of a contemporary article (with diagrammes).
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    If this power [television] is ever brought to mechanical perfection,
    there is little reason, except the desire to be gregarious, that anyone
    but a few should go in person to any place of entertainment again.
    - BBC yearbook 1930
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From liz@liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid (Liz Tuddenham) to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 15:35:09 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    Richard Tobin <richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk> wrote:

    In article <d2346lttlohe7fodvlb091s9s1trglmr44@4ax.com>,
    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    According to this article:

    https://www.earlytelevision.org/british_experimental.html

    the event was transmitted live in colour to Great Ormond Street
    hospital to bw viewed by children there.

    Fascinating. This seems to be a private television broadcast by Pye
    Limited from three TV cameras overlooking Parliament Square, not the >extensive BBC coverage. As my friend's father worked Rank at the time,
    I wonder if there could have been some experimentation going on.

    It seems unlikely to me that the only receivers would have been the
    ones in the hospital. Probably Pye had receivers set up somewhere for
    their own experimentation, and it's quite possible that others in the industry were invited and even brought their children along.

    They were probably Pye-badged Philips receivers, a lot of Pye stuff was Philips, long before Pye were bought out by them. (The lster BBC's OB
    colour TV units were all designed by Philips but had to be badged "Pye"
    so the BBC weren't seen to be buying foreign equipment.)
    --
    ~ Liz Tuddenham ~
    (Remove the ".invalid"s and add ".co.uk" to reply)
    www.poppyrecords.co.uk
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 16:27:41 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 13:46:33 +0100, Scott
    <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 11:29:00 -0000 (UTC), richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk
    (Richard Tobin) wrote:

    In article <mln36lpsq5v1jbh7eivdlcsofahirtjv9q@4ax.com>,
    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:
    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done?

    According to this article:

    https://www.earlytelevision.org/british_experimental.html

    the event was transmitted live in colour to Great Ormond Street
    hospital to bw viewed by children there.

    Fascinating. This seems to be a private television broadcast by Pye
    Limited from three TV cameras overlooking Parliament Square, not the >extensive BBC coverage. As my friend's father worked Rank at the time,
    I wonder if there could have been some experimentation going on.

    'worked for Rank', that is. My friend absolutely remembers being in
    the cinema and seeing coverage on Coronation Day. She was a young
    child so could be mistaken about the colour, but I don't think so. I
    did check to see if Pye was a subsidiary of J Arthur Rank (Rank
    Cinemas) but this is not the case.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 16:38:08 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 15:35:09 +0100, liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid
    (Liz Tuddenham) wrote:

    Richard Tobin <richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk> wrote:

    In article <d2346lttlohe7fodvlb091s9s1trglmr44@4ax.com>,
    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    According to this article:

    https://www.earlytelevision.org/british_experimental.html

    the event was transmitted live in colour to Great Ormond Street
    hospital to bw viewed by children there.

    Fascinating. This seems to be a private television broadcast by Pye
    Limited from three TV cameras overlooking Parliament Square, not the
    extensive BBC coverage. As my friend's father worked Rank at the time,
    I wonder if there could have been some experimentation going on.

    It seems unlikely to me that the only receivers would have been the
    ones in the hospital. Probably Pye had receivers set up somewhere for
    their own experimentation, and it's quite possible that others in the
    industry were invited and even brought their children along.

    They were probably Pye-badged Philips receivers, a lot of Pye stuff was >Philips, long before Pye were bought out by them. (The lster BBC's OB
    colour TV units were all designed by Philips but had to be badged "Pye"
    so the BBC weren't seen to be buying foreign equipment.)

    But am I correct that the BBC coverage was not 'filmed' in colour (for conversion to monochrome)? Was it recorded at all or did the BBC leave
    this to the film industry? Was there a method of recording video in
    1953 other than using film?
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From liz@liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid (Liz Tuddenham) to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 17:42:36 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 15:35:09 +0100, liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid
    (Liz Tuddenham) wrote:

    Richard Tobin <richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk> wrote:

    In article <d2346lttlohe7fodvlb091s9s1trglmr44@4ax.com>,
    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    According to this article:

    https://www.earlytelevision.org/british_experimental.html

    the event was transmitted live in colour to Great Ormond Street
    hospital to bw viewed by children there.

    Fascinating. This seems to be a private television broadcast by Pye
    Limited from three TV cameras overlooking Parliament Square, not the
    extensive BBC coverage. As my friend's father worked Rank at the time,
    I wonder if there could have been some experimentation going on.

    It seems unlikely to me that the only receivers would have been the
    ones in the hospital. Probably Pye had receivers set up somewhere for
    their own experimentation, and it's quite possible that others in the
    industry were invited and even brought their children along.

    They were probably Pye-badged Philips receivers, a lot of Pye stuff was >Philips, long before Pye were bought out by them. (The lster BBC's OB >colour TV units were all designed by Philips but had to be badged "Pye"
    so the BBC weren't seen to be buying foreign equipment.)

    But am I correct that the BBC coverage was not 'filmed' in colour (for conversion to monochrome)? Was it recorded at all or did the BBC leave
    this to the film industry? Was there a method of recording video in
    1953 other than using film?

    As far as I can remember it was picked up by the BBC cameras in 405-line monochrome and broadcast live. At the same time, the as-broadcast
    output was continuously recorded to film (B&W again) for archive and
    repeat purposes.

    There are interesting accounts in the various technical journals of the
    time, with details of the cross-channel microvave link, the standards-conversion equipment and the distribution networks in
    continental Europe.
    --
    ~ Liz Tuddenham ~
    (Remove the ".invalid"s and add ".co.uk" to reply)
    www.poppyrecords.co.uk
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Max Demian@max_demian@bigfoot.com to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 17:43:17 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 23/07/2026 16:38, Scott wrote:
    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 15:35:09 +0100, liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid
    (Liz Tuddenham) wrote:
    Richard Tobin <richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk> wrote:

    In article <d2346lttlohe7fodvlb091s9s1trglmr44@4ax.com>,
    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    According to this article:

    https://www.earlytelevision.org/british_experimental.html

    the event was transmitted live in colour to Great Ormond Street
    hospital to bw viewed by children there.

    Fascinating. This seems to be a private television broadcast by Pye
    Limited from three TV cameras overlooking Parliament Square, not the
    extensive BBC coverage. As my friend's father worked Rank at the time, >>>> I wonder if there could have been some experimentation going on.

    It seems unlikely to me that the only receivers would have been the
    ones in the hospital. Probably Pye had receivers set up somewhere for
    their own experimentation, and it's quite possible that others in the
    industry were invited and even brought their children along.

    They were probably Pye-badged Philips receivers, a lot of Pye stuff was
    Philips, long before Pye were bought out by them. (The lster BBC's OB
    colour TV units were all designed by Philips but had to be badged "Pye"
    so the BBC weren't seen to be buying foreign equipment.)

    But am I correct that the BBC coverage was not 'filmed' in colour (for conversion to monochrome)? Was it recorded at all or did the BBC leave
    this to the film industry? Was there a method of recording video in
    1953 other than using film?

    The BBC cameras were monochrome, transmitted live and recorded onto cine
    file to be flown across the Atlantic (by the RAF) so Canada/US could
    watch it when they got up.

    The colour film was a completely different exercise, with conventional
    cine cameras. When they show film of the Coronation I think it's always
    this that they show, often converted to monochrome to make it look "old".
    --
    Max Demian
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Thu Jul 23 20:20:53 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2026/7/23 17:43:17, Max Demian wrote:
    On 23/07/2026 16:38, Scott wrote:
    [coronation, 1953]
    But am I correct that the BBC coverage was not 'filmed' in colour (for
    conversion to monochrome)? Was it recorded at all or did the BBC leave
    this to the film industry? Was there a method of recording video in
    1953 other than using film?

    I'm pretty sure the BBC coverage was 405 live only. I _think_ the only
    way to record video at the time was indeed Kinescope or similar
    recording to film. (VERA was some years later wasn't it?)

    The BBC cameras were monochrome, transmitted live and recorded onto cine file to be flown across the Atlantic (by the RAF) so Canada/US could
    watch it when they got up.

    The colour film was a completely different exercise, with conventional
    cine cameras. When they show film of the Coronation I think it's always
    this that they show, often converted to monochrome to make it look "old".

    that would make sense: I remember reading somewhere that the BBC feed
    was recorded to film using one field only (which make sense: the
    fast-pull-down camera was many years into the future, so attempting to
    film both frames would have missed part of one field, which would have
    looked horrible), which would have made it less than 200 lines of active content, pretty grotty - and the "film" I have seen, though not great,
    has I think mostly been better than that, so your suggestion of colour
    stock monochromed sounds plausible. I had never thought of that - I'd
    always thought it was good for the date. That would explain why.
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    An eye for an eye only ends up making the whole world blind.
    - Mahatma Gandhi (according to the film Gandhi [1982])
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Roderick Stewart@rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 09:48:32 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 20:20:53 +0100, "J. P. Gilliver"
    <G6JPG@255soft.uk> wrote:

    I'm pretty sure the BBC coverage was 405 live only. I _think_ the only
    way to record video at the time was indeed Kinescope or similar
    recording to film. (VERA was some years later wasn't it?)
    [...]
    that would make sense: I remember reading somewhere that the BBC feed
    was recorded to film using one field only

    Yes. There was no way of electronically recording a video signal at
    the time. Kinescope recording, as the Americans called it, or FR
    (Film Recording), as the BBC called it, was the only way, and it was
    only possible at that time to record alternate fields.

    The 405 line system had 15 lines of blanking in each field interval,
    therefore only 187.5 active picture lines in each field, so the only
    recording that exists of the coronation broadcast is about five hours
    of monochrome film with a vertical resolution of 187.5 lines.

    Because of the importance of the occasion, there were also various
    teams using film cameras to make documentaries or cinema news items,
    and some of them were using colour film, so we have some of the event
    in colour, but this was separate from the actual broadcast.

    Rod.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 10:27:52 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 09:48:32 +0100, Roderick Stewart <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 20:20:53 +0100, "J. P. Gilliver"
    <G6JPG@255soft.uk> wrote:

    I'm pretty sure the BBC coverage was 405 live only. I _think_ the only
    way to record video at the time was indeed Kinescope or similar
    recording to film. (VERA was some years later wasn't it?)
    [...]
    that would make sense: I remember reading somewhere that the BBC feed
    was recorded to film using one field only

    Yes. There was no way of electronically recording a video signal at
    the time. Kinescope recording, as the Americans called it, or FR
    (Film Recording), as the BBC called it, was the only way, and it was
    only possible at that time to record alternate fields.

    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by
    the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it
    a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    The 405 line system had 15 lines of blanking in each field interval, >therefore only 187.5 active picture lines in each field, so the only >recording that exists of the coronation broadcast is about five hours
    of monochrome film with a vertical resolution of 187.5 lines.

    Because of the importance of the occasion, there were also various
    teams using film cameras to make documentaries or cinema news items,
    and some of them were using colour film, so we have some of the event
    in colour, but this was separate from the actual broadcast.

    What about the earlier query about showing live colour in cinemas.
    Clearly, this was separate from the BBC but was Pye for example
    experimenting with colour TV cameras? Could my friend have seen live
    coverage in colour in a Rank cinema?
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From MikeS@MikeS@fred.com to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 10:50:36 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 24/07/2026 10:27, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 09:48:32 +0100, Roderick Stewart <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 20:20:53 +0100, "J. P. Gilliver"
    <G6JPG@255soft.uk> wrote:

    I'm pretty sure the BBC coverage was 405 live only. I _think_ the only
    way to record video at the time was indeed Kinescope or similar
    recording to film. (VERA was some years later wasn't it?)
    [...]
    that would make sense: I remember reading somewhere that the BBC feed
    was recorded to film using one field only

    Yes. There was no way of electronically recording a video signal at
    the time. Kinescope recording, as the Americans called it, or FR
    (Film Recording), as the BBC called it, was the only way, and it was
    only possible at that time to record alternate fields.

    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by
    the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it
    a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    The 405 line system had 15 lines of blanking in each field interval,
    therefore only 187.5 active picture lines in each field, so the only
    recording that exists of the coronation broadcast is about five hours
    of monochrome film with a vertical resolution of 187.5 lines.

    Because of the importance of the occasion, there were also various
    teams using film cameras to make documentaries or cinema news items,
    and some of them were using colour film, so we have some of the event
    in colour, but this was separate from the actual broadcast.

    What about the earlier query about showing live colour in cinemas.
    Clearly, this was separate from the BBC but was Pye for example
    experimenting with colour TV cameras? Could my friend have seen live
    coverage in colour in a Rank cinema?

    I remember a few days after the coronation that our entire school
    marched to a local cinema to see it on a colour film. Possibly after all
    the years your friend is confusing that film with live TV.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 11:03:27 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 10:50:36 +0100, MikeS <MikeS@fred.com> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 10:27, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 09:48:32 +0100, Roderick Stewart
    <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 20:20:53 +0100, "J. P. Gilliver"
    <G6JPG@255soft.uk> wrote:

    I'm pretty sure the BBC coverage was 405 live only. I _think_ the only >>>> way to record video at the time was indeed Kinescope or similar
    recording to film. (VERA was some years later wasn't it?)
    [...]
    that would make sense: I remember reading somewhere that the BBC feed
    was recorded to film using one field only

    Yes. There was no way of electronically recording a video signal at
    the time. Kinescope recording, as the Americans called it, or FR
    (Film Recording), as the BBC called it, was the only way, and it was
    only possible at that time to record alternate fields.

    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by
    the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it
    a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    The 405 line system had 15 lines of blanking in each field interval,
    therefore only 187.5 active picture lines in each field, so the only
    recording that exists of the coronation broadcast is about five hours
    of monochrome film with a vertical resolution of 187.5 lines.

    Because of the importance of the occasion, there were also various
    teams using film cameras to make documentaries or cinema news items,
    and some of them were using colour film, so we have some of the event
    in colour, but this was separate from the actual broadcast.

    What about the earlier query about showing live colour in cinemas.
    Clearly, this was separate from the BBC but was Pye for example
    experimenting with colour TV cameras? Could my friend have seen live
    coverage in colour in a Rank cinema?

    I remember a few days after the coronation that our entire school
    marched to a local cinema to see it on a colour film. Possibly after all
    the years your friend is confusing that film with live TV.

    She is very convinced she saw it live in colour at a Rank cinema (her
    father was employed by J Arthur Rank) and went to the window to watch
    the procession pass. Richard Tobin posted a link upstream (https://www.earlytelevision.org/british_experimental.html) indicating
    the event was transmitted live in colour to Great Ormond Street
    hospital. My friend and I are wondering if this could have occurred
    also at a (London) cinema.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Roderick Stewart@rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 11:58:16 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 10:27:52 +0100, Scott
    <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    Yes. There was no way of electronically recording a video signal at
    the time. Kinescope recording, as the Americans called it, or FR
    (Film Recording), as the BBC called it, was the only way, and it was
    only possible at that time to record alternate fields.

    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by
    the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it
    a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    Exactly as you say. 405 lines were scanned in two vertical passes,
    each covering half of the lines. The blanking interval between
    vertical scans was designed to allow sufficient time for the electron
    beam to be deflected back to the top of the picture for the next scan,
    but it was not sufficient for the mechanical system in a film camera
    to move the film to the next frame. The best (or least worst)
    compromise for film recording was for the shutter to blank the light
    path for an entire field. This gave the mechanism time to work, at the
    cost of missing half the lines.

    Later 'fast pull-down' film systems were designed specifically for
    recording from CRT displays, with mechanisms that could advance the
    film during the vertical blanking interval (or slightly longer). They
    would capture all (or most) of the lines in the picture during two
    vertical scans. Vertical resolution would be the same as the video
    source, and it could look better as long as nothing in the picture
    moved. If anything did move, the two consecutive fields would have
    slightly different picture content, which was not a problem when
    displayed electronically 50 times per second as intended, but would
    look odd superimposed on single frames of film shown 25 times per
    second.

    Rod.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 12:33:00 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 11:58:16 +0100, Roderick Stewart <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 10:27:52 +0100, Scott
    <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    Yes. There was no way of electronically recording a video signal at
    the time. Kinescope recording, as the Americans called it, or FR
    (Film Recording), as the BBC called it, was the only way, and it was
    only possible at that time to record alternate fields.

    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by
    the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it
    a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    Exactly as you say. 405 lines were scanned in two vertical passes,
    each covering half of the lines. The blanking interval between
    vertical scans was designed to allow sufficient time for the electron
    beam to be deflected back to the top of the picture for the next scan,
    but it was not sufficient for the mechanical system in a film camera
    to move the film to the next frame. The best (or least worst)
    compromise for film recording was for the shutter to blank the light
    path for an entire field. This gave the mechanism time to work, at the
    cost of missing half the lines.

    Later 'fast pull-down' film systems were designed specifically for
    recording from CRT displays, with mechanisms that could advance the
    film during the vertical blanking interval (or slightly longer). They
    would capture all (or most) of the lines in the picture during two
    vertical scans. Vertical resolution would be the same as the video
    source, and it could look better as long as nothing in the picture
    moved. If anything did move, the two consecutive fields would have
    slightly different picture content, which was not a problem when
    displayed electronically 50 times per second as intended, but would
    look odd superimposed on single frames of film shown 25 times per
    second.

    Thanks for confirming this, rather as I thought. Can this 25 fps film
    be upscaled using modern processing techniques?
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Andy Burns@usenet@andyburns.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 13:17:58 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    Roderick Stewart wrote:

    405 lines were scanned in two vertical passes,
    each covering half of the lines. The blanking interval between
    vertical scans was designed to allow sufficient time for the electron
    beam to be deflected back to the top of the picture for the next scan,
    but it was not sufficient for the mechanical system in a film camera
    to move the film to the next frame. The best (or least worst)
    compromise for film recording was for the shutter to blank the light
    path for an entire field. This gave the mechanism time to work, at the
    cost of missing half the lines.

    Could have recorded odd frames to one film reel and even frames to
    another ... I wouldn't fancy the splicing job afterwards though :-P

    If that had been done, even if the two reels had sat on a shelf
    unspliced for decades, it'd be trivial to "stick" them together
    digitally now.

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From richard@richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk (Richard Tobin) to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 13:00:33 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    In article <nch3emFm6gjU1@mid.individual.net>,
    Andy Burns <usenet@andyburns.uk> wrote:

    Could have recorded odd frames to one film reel and even frames to
    another ... I wouldn't fancy the splicing job afterwards though :-P

    What would it look like if the fields were recorded as alternate
    film frames, and played back at double speed?

    -- Richard
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 14:11:00 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 13:00:33 -0000 (UTC), richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk
    (Richard Tobin) wrote:

    In article <nch3emFm6gjU1@mid.individual.net>,
    Andy Burns <usenet@andyburns.uk> wrote:

    Could have recorded odd frames to one film reel and even frames to
    another ... I wouldn't fancy the splicing job afterwards though :-P

    What would it look like if the fields were recorded as alternate
    film frames, and played back at double speed?

    Would it not look like 200 or so lines instead of 405 lines, ie very
    low quality TV image?
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From JMB99@mb@nospam.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 15:34:26 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    Kinematograph Weekly - Thursday 04 June 1953

    Coronation for Cinema Scope
    The Coronation will be filmed in Cinema Scope with the lens being used
    to make the 20th Century-Fox production " Prince Valiant." The camera
    position is Achilles Statue, Hyde Park Corner. 20th-Fox informed the
    KINE. on Tuesday night that the Board of Trade had granted the licence
    for showing the film to invited audiences only.

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Max Demian@max_demian@bigfoot.com to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 15:36:06 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 24/07/2026 11:03, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 10:50:36 +0100, MikeS <MikeS@fred.com> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 10:27, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 09:48:32 +0100, Roderick Stewart
    <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Thu, 23 Jul 2026 20:20:53 +0100, "J. P. Gilliver"
    <G6JPG@255soft.uk> wrote:

    I'm pretty sure the BBC coverage was 405 live only. I _think_ the only >>>>> way to record video at the time was indeed Kinescope or similar
    recording to film. (VERA was some years later wasn't it?)
    [...]
    that would make sense: I remember reading somewhere that the BBC feed >>>>> was recorded to film using one field only

    Yes. There was no way of electronically recording a video signal at
    the time. Kinescope recording, as the Americans called it, or FR
    (Film Recording), as the BBC called it, was the only way, and it was
    only possible at that time to record alternate fields.

    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by
    the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it
    a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    The 405 line system had 15 lines of blanking in each field interval,
    therefore only 187.5 active picture lines in each field, so the only
    recording that exists of the coronation broadcast is about five hours
    of monochrome film with a vertical resolution of 187.5 lines.

    Because of the importance of the occasion, there were also various
    teams using film cameras to make documentaries or cinema news items,
    and some of them were using colour film, so we have some of the event
    in colour, but this was separate from the actual broadcast.

    What about the earlier query about showing live colour in cinemas.
    Clearly, this was separate from the BBC but was Pye for example
    experimenting with colour TV cameras? Could my friend have seen live
    coverage in colour in a Rank cinema?

    I remember a few days after the coronation that our entire school
    marched to a local cinema to see it on a colour film. Possibly after all
    the years your friend is confusing that film with live TV.

    She is very convinced she saw it live in colour at a Rank cinema (her
    father was employed by J Arthur Rank) and went to the window to watch
    the procession pass.

    Do cinemas have windows?
    --
    Max Demian
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From JMB99@mb@nospam.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 15:42:53 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 24/07/2026 15:34, JMB99 wrote:
    Kinematograph Weekly - Thursday 04 June 1953

    Coronation for Cinema Scope
    The Coronation will be filmed in Cinema Scope with the lens being used
    to make the 20th Century-Fox production " Prince Valiant." The camera position is Achilles Statue, Hyde Park Corner. 20th-Fox informed the
    KINE. on Tuesday night that the Board of Trade had granted the licence
    for showing the film to invited audiences only.




    Prestatyn Weekly - Saturday 21 March 1953

    Your Chance To See The Coronation
    NOVEL CINEMA CONTEST
    Cinemagoers in Rhyl and district have got a good chance of seeing the Coronation by winning one of the prizes offered in a novel competition sponsored by Odeon and Gaumont theatres throughout Great Britain. The
    contest begins on Monday, March 30.
    For identifyving the voices of twelve film stars from records, prizes
    are offered of ten double seats on the Coronation route, free
    first-class travel to and from London, and a cash sum for expenses; and
    1,000 double seats to see the Coronation on big-screen cinema television. Winners of the seats at the London. Doncaster, Manchester and Leeds
    theatres showing big-screen television will see the J. Arthur Rank OrganisationrCOs remarkable *rCLCintelrCY equipment reproducing for the first time an event of international historic importance actually as it
    happens, For audiences outside London it will be the first time cinema television has been publicly demonstrated,l The records of the stars
    will be played in every complete programme at Rhyl Oceon for three weeks
    from March 30, Each record will carry the voices of four well-known
    British stars discussing films made in Coronation Year.
    By special arrangement with a London mewszpaper, which is cooperating
    with Odeon and Canmont in distributing thousands of big-screen
    television seats to charities, there will be a further opportunity for
    those people identifying the stars correctly to win a -u250 cash award,
    Further details will be available later.

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Max Demian@max_demian@bigfoot.com to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 15:43:25 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 24/07/2026 12:33, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 11:58:16 +0100, Roderick Stewart <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 10:27:52 +0100, Scott
    <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    Yes. There was no way of electronically recording a video signal at
    the time. Kinescope recording, as the Americans called it, or FR
    (Film Recording), as the BBC called it, was the only way, and it was
    only possible at that time to record alternate fields.

    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by
    the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it
    a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    Exactly as you say. 405 lines were scanned in two vertical passes,
    each covering half of the lines. The blanking interval between
    vertical scans was designed to allow sufficient time for the electron
    beam to be deflected back to the top of the picture for the next scan,
    but it was not sufficient for the mechanical system in a film camera
    to move the film to the next frame. The best (or least worst)
    compromise for film recording was for the shutter to blank the light
    path for an entire field. This gave the mechanism time to work, at the
    cost of missing half the lines.

    Later 'fast pull-down' film systems were designed specifically for
    recording from CRT displays, with mechanisms that could advance the
    film during the vertical blanking interval (or slightly longer). They
    would capture all (or most) of the lines in the picture during two
    vertical scans. Vertical resolution would be the same as the video
    source, and it could look better as long as nothing in the picture
    moved. If anything did move, the two consecutive fields would have
    slightly different picture content, which was not a problem when
    displayed electronically 50 times per second as intended, but would
    look odd superimposed on single frames of film shown 25 times per
    second.

    Thanks for confirming this, rather as I thought. Can this 25 fps film
    be upscaled using modern processing techniques?

    What would be the point, when there are cine film versions available?

    (It might be interesting to some of the original film that they sent
    across the Atlantic.)
    --
    Max Demian
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From JMB99@mb@nospam.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 15:51:01 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    The note on the end is interesting


    Eastbourne Herald - Saturday 30 May 1953

    Coronation Festivities
    LUNCHEON & TEA ON CORONATION DAY
    with
    Cinema Television Projection
    by
    GAUMONT - BRITISH - KALES
    NOTE- This Installation is permanent and will be available for
    Residents in future
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Andy Burns@usenet@andyburns.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 15:57:16 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    JMB99 wrote:

    Cinema Television Projection
    by
    GAUMONT - BRITISH - KALES

    OCR'ed?

    should be Kalee

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 16:25:04 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 15:43:25 +0100, Max Demian
    <max_demian@bigfoot.com> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 12:33, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 11:58:16 +0100, Roderick Stewart
    <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 10:27:52 +0100, Scott
    <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    Yes. There was no way of electronically recording a video signal at
    the time. Kinescope recording, as the Americans called it, or FR
    (Film Recording), as the BBC called it, was the only way, and it was >>>>> only possible at that time to record alternate fields.

    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by >>>> the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it >>>> a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    Exactly as you say. 405 lines were scanned in two vertical passes,
    each covering half of the lines. The blanking interval between
    vertical scans was designed to allow sufficient time for the electron
    beam to be deflected back to the top of the picture for the next scan,
    but it was not sufficient for the mechanical system in a film camera
    to move the film to the next frame. The best (or least worst)
    compromise for film recording was for the shutter to blank the light
    path for an entire field. This gave the mechanism time to work, at the
    cost of missing half the lines.

    Later 'fast pull-down' film systems were designed specifically for
    recording from CRT displays, with mechanisms that could advance the
    film during the vertical blanking interval (or slightly longer). They
    would capture all (or most) of the lines in the picture during two
    vertical scans. Vertical resolution would be the same as the video
    source, and it could look better as long as nothing in the picture
    moved. If anything did move, the two consecutive fields would have
    slightly different picture content, which was not a problem when
    displayed electronically 50 times per second as intended, but would
    look odd superimposed on single frames of film shown 25 times per
    second.

    Thanks for confirming this, rather as I thought. Can this 25 fps film
    be upscaled using modern processing techniques?

    What would be the point, when there are cine film versions available?

    1. Historic interest as an original BBC broadcast
    2. I assume the equipment was not used exclusively for the Coronation
    and there could be other material in the history of broadcasting that
    does not have cine film versions available.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Max Demian@max_demian@bigfoot.com to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 17:16:02 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 24/07/2026 16:25, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 15:43:25 +0100, Max Demian
    <max_demian@bigfoot.com> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 12:33, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 11:58:16 +0100, Roderick Stewart
    <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 10:27:52 +0100, Scott
    <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    Yes. There was no way of electronically recording a video signal at >>>>>> the time. Kinescope recording, as the Americans called it, or FR
    (Film Recording), as the BBC called it, was the only way, and it was >>>>>> only possible at that time to record alternate fields.

    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by >>>>> the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it >>>>> a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    Exactly as you say. 405 lines were scanned in two vertical passes,
    each covering half of the lines. The blanking interval between
    vertical scans was designed to allow sufficient time for the electron
    beam to be deflected back to the top of the picture for the next scan, >>>> but it was not sufficient for the mechanical system in a film camera
    to move the film to the next frame. The best (or least worst)
    compromise for film recording was for the shutter to blank the light
    path for an entire field. This gave the mechanism time to work, at the >>>> cost of missing half the lines.

    Later 'fast pull-down' film systems were designed specifically for
    recording from CRT displays, with mechanisms that could advance the
    film during the vertical blanking interval (or slightly longer). They
    would capture all (or most) of the lines in the picture during two
    vertical scans. Vertical resolution would be the same as the video
    source, and it could look better as long as nothing in the picture
    moved. If anything did move, the two consecutive fields would have
    slightly different picture content, which was not a problem when
    displayed electronically 50 times per second as intended, but would
    look odd superimposed on single frames of film shown 25 times per
    second.

    Thanks for confirming this, rather as I thought. Can this 25 fps film
    be upscaled using modern processing techniques?

    What would be the point, when there are cine film versions available?

    1. Historic interest as an original BBC broadcast

    That's what I said:
    "(It might be interesting to some of the original film that they sent
    across the Atlantic.)"

    There's no need to upscale it.
    --
    Max Demian
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 17:23:24 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 17:16:02 +0100, Max Demian
    <max_demian@bigfoot.com> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 16:25, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 15:43:25 +0100, Max Demian
    <max_demian@bigfoot.com> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 12:33, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 11:58:16 +0100, Roderick Stewart
    <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 10:27:52 +0100, Scott
    <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    Yes. There was no way of electronically recording a video signal at >>>>>>> the time. Kinescope recording, as the Americans called it, or FR >>>>>>> (Film Recording), as the BBC called it, was the only way, and it was >>>>>>> only possible at that time to record alternate fields.

    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by >>>>>> the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it >>>>>> a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    Exactly as you say. 405 lines were scanned in two vertical passes,
    each covering half of the lines. The blanking interval between
    vertical scans was designed to allow sufficient time for the electron >>>>> beam to be deflected back to the top of the picture for the next scan, >>>>> but it was not sufficient for the mechanical system in a film camera >>>>> to move the film to the next frame. The best (or least worst)
    compromise for film recording was for the shutter to blank the light >>>>> path for an entire field. This gave the mechanism time to work, at the >>>>> cost of missing half the lines.

    Later 'fast pull-down' film systems were designed specifically for
    recording from CRT displays, with mechanisms that could advance the
    film during the vertical blanking interval (or slightly longer). They >>>>> would capture all (or most) of the lines in the picture during two
    vertical scans. Vertical resolution would be the same as the video
    source, and it could look better as long as nothing in the picture
    moved. If anything did move, the two consecutive fields would have
    slightly different picture content, which was not a problem when
    displayed electronically 50 times per second as intended, but would
    look odd superimposed on single frames of film shown 25 times per
    second.

    Thanks for confirming this, rather as I thought. Can this 25 fps film
    be upscaled using modern processing techniques?

    What would be the point, when there are cine film versions available?

    1. Historic interest as an original BBC broadcast

    That's what I said:
    "(It might be interesting to some of the original film that they sent >across the Atlantic.)"

    There's no need to upscale it.

    I thought were were talking about the technique in general terms.
    There must have been original film of other output that was not sent
    across the Atlantic.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From NY@me@privacy.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 18:52:12 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 24/07/2026 10:27, Scott wrote:
    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by
    the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it
    a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    Each frame (every 1/25 second) is scanned twice - once for the
    odd-numbered lines and once for the even-numbered lines.

    If only one field is recorded to film, there is 1/50 second in which the
    film can be advanced to the next frame, with the shutter closed during
    that time. If both fields are recorded, there is very little time
    between the end of the even field for one frame and the start of the odd
    field for the next frame, which puts horrendous mechanical stress on the frame-advance mechanism in the film camera and on the perforations of
    the film itself.

    I wonder if any FRs ever used a rotating prism (like a Cintel telecine
    in reverse) so the film could be moved continuously rather than intermittently, with the prism optically matching the raster to the
    frames of the film.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From NY@me@privacy.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 19:04:55 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 24/07/2026 14:11, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 13:00:33 -0000 (UTC), richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk
    (Richard Tobin) wrote:

    In article <nch3emFm6gjU1@mid.individual.net>,
    Andy Burns <usenet@andyburns.uk> wrote:

    Could have recorded odd frames to one film reel and even frames to
    another ... I wouldn't fancy the splicing job afterwards though :-P

    What would it look like if the fields were recorded as alternate
    film frames, and played back at double speed?

    Would it not look like 200 or so lines instead of 405 lines, ie very
    low quality TV image?

    Too right it would! Film recording is one hell of a bodge, and no
    substitute for proper recording of the video signal - except as a means
    of being playable on TV systems other than 405/25 or 625/25 such as
    America's 525/29.97 (*).


    (*) America used to use 525/30, but they cocked up the VHF broadcasting spectrum such that when they later introduced colour, the colour carrier interfered with the sound carrier. The solution was to reduce the frame
    rate very slightly (by a factor of 1000/1001 IIRC) so the colour carrier
    is moved out of the way of the sound carrier and doesn't cause buzz on
    the sound. The baseband signal is not a problem; it's only the RF
    broadcast of it which was not designed with colour in mind.

    Given that the colour sub-carrier can be any integer multiple of the
    line rate, you'd think they might have changed that integer multiplier slightly when NTSC was being designed so the normal US broadcast system
    would not collide colour with sound. I think f(CSC) = (n+1) f(line) so
    the frequencies used by the colour slot in between those used by the luminance. (For PAL there is an extra term of f(frame) because the phase
    of the CSC alternates between one frame and the next.)
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 21:10:35 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2026/7/24 15:43:25, Max Demian wrote:
    On 24/07/2026 12:33, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 11:58:16 +0100, Roderick Stewart
    <rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk> wrote:
    []
    Later 'fast pull-down' film systems were designed specifically for
    recording from CRT displays, with mechanisms that could advance the

    Yes. They'd just about perfected the prototypes when video recording
    came along; must have been heartbreaking for the team working on it.
    (I've seen some of the film - it is excellent.) Apparently the machines
    were _very_ noisy - like a machine-gun, as you can understand from what
    they had to do.

    film during the vertical blanking interval (or slightly longer). They
    would capture all (or most) of the lines in the picture during two
    vertical scans. Vertical resolution would be the same as the video
    source, and it could look better as long as nothing in the picture
    moved. If anything did move, the two consecutive fields would have
    slightly different picture content, which was not a problem when
    displayed electronically 50 times per second as intended, but would
    look odd superimposed on single frames of film shown 25 times per
    second.

    You see the feathered effect on some clips on YouTube.


    Thanks for confirming this, rather as I thought. Can this 25 fps film
    be upscaled using modern processing techniques?

    What would be the point, when there are cine film versions available?

    (It might be interesting to some of the original film that they sent
    across the Atlantic.)

    The 187.5-line film of the coronation might be interesting for
    historical purposes - presumably it had some camera angles the (colour,
    film) people didn't. But there might also be other filmed 405-line
    material, for which it's the only record. Whether upscaling would be
    effective, I don't know; I've always been dubious about upscaling
    anyway, but given its popularity (e. g. SD material upscaling), I'm
    probably wrong.

    the full- (or nearly) resolution film made by the fast-pull-down
    machines can of course, and has, been digitised, and doesn't need any
    upscaling (to restore the original resolution, anyway). Whether it could
    be de-interlaced to regenerate the original interlaced 50 fields signal,
    I don't know!
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 21:12:29 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2026/7/24 13:17:58, Andy Burns wrote:
    []
    Could have recorded odd frames to one film reel and even frames to
    another ... I wouldn't fancy the splicing job afterwards though :-P

    What a fascinating idea! I wonder if anyone thought of it at the time?
    I've never heard of it being done.

    If that had been done, even if the two reels had sat on a shelf
    unspliced for decades, it'd be trivial to "stick" them together
    digitally now.

    Indeed.
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 21:28:03 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2026/7/24 14:11:0, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 13:00:33 -0000 (UTC), richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk
    (Richard Tobin) wrote:

    In article <nch3emFm6gjU1@mid.individual.net>,
    Andy Burns <usenet@andyburns.uk> wrote:

    Could have recorded odd frames to one film reel and even frames to
    another ... I wouldn't fancy the splicing job afterwards though :-P

    What would it look like if the fields were recorded as alternate
    film frames, and played back at double speed?

    The film advance mechanism would still be the problem; whichever frame
    you're recording, the film has to be held still while you're doing so.
    (If anything, advancing it by _two_ frames would be even harder.) Unless
    you used some single-line display[s] and continuously-moving film rather
    than intermittent film. Trying to figure out how to do this, without any
    sort of storage, really makes the brain hurt: I've tried to work it out
    the other way, i. e. how you could do a telecine without a frame or
    field store but as many single-line sensors as you like, and I gave up!

    _Was_ any continuous-movement video-to-film ever attempted, either in
    405 days or higher resolution? The geometry of the images wouldn't
    matter: assuming a line-scan sensor, the playback could just duplicate
    the recorder. (It would basically just be using film in something like
    much the same way videotape did, but with electronic scanning.)

    Would it not look like 200 or so lines instead of 405 lines, ie very
    low quality TV image?

    1. The original film record - that only recorded one of the two frames -
    _was_ 187.5 line resolution.

    2. If some way of storing both frames on film _had_ been devised (the
    use of two separate cameras as someone has suggested in this thread for example!), then restoring the original video signal from them (copy
    quality notwithstanding) would be no worse than the original live video:
    "405" line _was_ - well, one way of looking at it, anyway - only 187.5
    line video, but with alternate fields jiggled by a 405-line (or half a 187.5-line). The same (with suitable figures corrected) can be said for
    525, 625, 819, in fact any interlaced system.
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From NY@me@privacy.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Fri Jul 24 23:15:25 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 24/07/2026 21:12, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    On 2026/7/24 13:17:58, Andy Burns wrote:
    []
    Could have recorded odd frames to one film reel and even frames to
    another ... I wouldn't fancy the splicing job afterwards though :-P

    What a fascinating idea! I wonder if anyone thought of it at the time?
    I've never heard of it being done.

    If that had been done, even if the two reels had sat on a shelf
    unspliced for decades, it'd be trivial to "stick" them together
    digitally now.
    You'd want to overlay the films over each other, either by sandwiching
    the odd-field and even-field pieces of film and printing from that, or
    else by printing just the odd film and then winding back and printing
    the even film on top. So it wouldn't involve any complicated splicing - whether physical or (nowadays) by using a computer to stitch together alternate frames from two films.

    That relies on two cameras having identical views of the raster, without
    any differences in size, rotation or geometric distortion. I suppose a
    beam splitter prism could "feed" two cameras. It would take a lot of
    tweaking to get the odd and even lines to interleave perfectly so there
    was equal spacing above and below the lines.

    Did film recorders ever use oval beams (or spot-wobble - modulation with
    a very high frequency vertical deflection) on the CRT to try to hide the
    line structure as much as possible without blurring horizontal detail,
    and thus minimise moir|- fringes when the film was scanned with a new
    raster as it was broadcast later on?
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Roderick Stewart@rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 09:41:18 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 21:10:35 +0100, "J. P. Gilliver"
    <G6JPG@255soft.uk> wrote:

    The 187.5-line film of the coronation might be interesting for
    historical purposes - presumably it had some camera angles the (colour,
    film) people didn't. But there might also be other filmed 405-line
    material, for which it's the only record. Whether upscaling would be >effective, I don't know; I've always been dubious about upscaling
    anyway, but given its popularity (e. g. SD material upscaling), I'm
    probably wrong.

    They repeated the whole thing in real time on one of the
    anniversaries, and I was able to record all five or six hours of it on
    a single DVD by using the lowest quality long play setting. Because of
    the limitations of the original material, hardly any quality was lost
    in doing this.

    the full- (or nearly) resolution film made by the fast-pull-down
    machines can of course, and has, been digitised, and doesn't need any >upscaling (to restore the original resolution, anyway). Whether it could
    be de-interlaced to regenerate the original interlaced 50 fields signal,
    I don't know!

    If there was sufficient interest, somebody could upscale, stabilise
    and de-interlace it. and maybe use AI to 'enhance' it in some way,
    perhaps colourising it as well. We have the technology to do all these
    things, so it's probably only a matter of time before somebody uses
    it, if they haven't already.

    Rod.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Roderick Stewart@rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 09:47:38 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 13:00:33 -0000 (UTC), richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk
    (Richard Tobin) wrote:

    In article <nch3emFm6gjU1@mid.individual.net>,
    Andy Burns <usenet@andyburns.uk> wrote:

    Could have recorded odd frames to one film reel and even frames to
    another ... I wouldn't fancy the splicing job afterwards though :-P

    What would it look like if the fields were recorded as alternate
    film frames, and played back at double speed?

    -- Richard

    It would look like television.

    In other words, a 50 fields per second signal being shown at 50 fields
    per second, with slightly different picture information on every
    field, with a vertical resolution of 375 lines, just as if it had come
    directly from television cameras.

    If only they'd known then that one day we would have the technology to
    make this possible...

    Rod.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Roderick Stewart@rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 10:04:37 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 18:52:12 +0100, NY <me@privacy.net> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 10:27, Scott wrote:
    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by
    the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it
    a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    Each frame (every 1/25 second) is scanned twice - once for the
    odd-numbered lines and once for the even-numbered lines.

    Sorry for going into pedant mode, but everybody describes it thus and
    it's wrong.

    The official numbering of lines in every analogue television was odd
    and even numbered lines consecutively in the order of transmission,
    not the order of their appearance on the screen. And they started
    numbering them at 1, not zero as we do now in digital systems.

    So in the 405 line system, for example, one field would consist of
    lines with all the numbers, odd and even, consecutively from 1 to 202,
    and then the next field would begin halfway through line 203, and so
    on until the end of line 405, followed by line 1 of the first field of
    the next picture. And similarly for 525 and 625 line systems.

    I'm not sure if 405 ever had electronically inserted test signals, but
    625 did, on specified lines, so it was important to have an agreed way
    of specifying them.

    There. I feel better now.

    Rod.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From NY@me@privacy.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 10:29:36 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 25/07/2026 10:04, Roderick Stewart wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 18:52:12 +0100, NY <me@privacy.net> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 10:27, Scott wrote:
    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by
    the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it
    a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    Each frame (every 1/25 second) is scanned twice - once for the
    odd-numbered lines and once for the even-numbered lines.

    Sorry for going into pedant mode, but everybody describes it thus and
    it's wrong.

    The official numbering of lines in every analogue television was odd
    and even numbered lines consecutively in the order of transmission,
    not the order of their appearance on the screen. And they started
    numbering them at 1, not zero as we do now in digital systems.

    So in the 405 line system, for example, one field would consist of
    lines with all the numbers, odd and even, consecutively from 1 to 202,
    and then the next field would begin halfway through line 203, and so
    on until the end of line 405, followed by line 1 of the first field of
    the next picture. And similarly for 525 and 625 line systems.
    So the official numbering scheme was consecutive numbers of the first
    field and then the *same* consecutive numbering of the second field?

    If that is the case, I wonder how the terms "odd field" and "even field" arose. I suppose in the sense of the order of the lines as seen on the
    display screen, where consecutive visible lines might (in theory!) be numbered:

    1 odd, 1 even, 2 odd, 2 even,..., 202 odd, 202 even

    rather than

    1, 2, 3, ..., 404

    OK, I'm ignoring the pesky half-lines at the beginning and end of the
    fields ;-) It's interesting to see that some modern broadcasts,
    especially from BBC breakfast TV and local news studios, still have
    half-lines even though the cameras and the signal equipment are all
    digital: there is sometimes an initial half-line of "twinklies" followed
    by the rest of the line with picture.

    I suppose half-lines didn't matter in the days of analogue TV because
    most domestic TVs were set to overscan so the half-line would be hidden
    off the top or bottom of the screen. Even with underscanning, was it convention that the half-line was used for picture info or did studio
    monitors blank it (eg turn off beam current as if for flyback) so as to display a perfect rectangle without those irritating extra half-lines
    being seen.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 16:58:31 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2026/7/25 10:29:36, NY wrote:
    On 25/07/2026 10:04, Roderick Stewart wrote:
    []
    So in the 405 line system, for example, one field would consist of
    lines with all the numbers, odd and even, consecutively from 1 to 202,
    and then the next field would begin halfway through line 203, and so
    on until the end of line 405, followed by line 1 of the first field of
    the next picture. And similarly for 525 and 625 line systems.
    So the official numbering scheme was consecutive numbers of the first
    field and then the *same* consecutive numbering of the second field?

    If that is the case, I wonder how the terms "odd field" and "even field" arose. I suppose in the sense of the order of the lines as seen on the display screen, where consecutive visible lines might (in theory!) be numbered:

    1 odd, 1 even, 2 odd, 2 even,..., 202 odd, 202 even

    rather than

    1, 2, 3, ..., 404

    I think what RS is describing - which from my memory is also what was
    shown in the Gordon J. King books, which I think copied diag.s from some official standard - is

    1, 203, 2, 204 ...

    Your question of where the terms odd and even field came from is a good
    one; I suppose they had to be referred to as _something_, and that
    seemed as good a way as any.

    OK, I'm ignoring the pesky half-lines at the beginning and end of the
    fields ;-) It's interesting to see that some modern broadcasts,
    especially from BBC breakfast TV and local news studios, still have half-lines even though the cameras and the signal equipment are all
    digital: there is sometimes an initial half-line of "twinklies" followed
    by the rest of the line with picture.

    (I've asked before here, are the scan lines - in the sensors in the
    cameras - offset very slightly from the horizontal, so their output
    _truly_ mimics a tube camera? I've always suspected they are _not_, and
    now since the majority of viewers are using digital displays - which I'm
    pretty sure don't have that angular offset! - the question is now moot!)

    I suppose half-lines didn't matter in the days of analogue TV because
    most domestic TVs were set to overscan so the half-line would be hidden

    I never saw one that _wasn't_ set to overscan (except one I'd been at) -
    often by a horrendous amount, far more than could be justified by the
    tube geometry (even on sets with a square-cornered screen).

    off the top or bottom of the screen. Even with underscanning, was it convention that the half-line was used for picture info or did studio

    I don't think the half line was used for anything; that would have
    screwed up the waveform, which was designed to get the (line) oscillator
    in the receiver into sync for the other field. (It had to shift by half
    a line duration.)

    monitors blank it (eg turn off beam current as if for flyback) so as to display a perfect rectangle without those irritating extra half-lines
    being seen.

    Did studio equipment use flyback blanking? I wouldn't have thought it necessary, as surely they didn't use the AC coupling that seemed to find
    its way into receivers, such that the gain sometimes wound up (or down -
    405 and 625 used opposite modulation, positive for 405 I think) and
    flyback lines sometimes _were_ visible on a drifted set. Weren't back-
    and front-porches at a level nominally slightly below black, so the beam
    should have been cut off anyway?
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    Proving you wrong is not an attack.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From NY@me@privacy.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 18:54:08 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 25/07/2026 16:58, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    I don't think the half line was used for anything; that would have
    screwed up the waveform, which was designed to get the (line) oscillator
    in the receiver into sync for the other field. (It had to shift by half
    a line duration.)
    When I managed to turn down the picture height on a TV (not sure how I adjusted it!) the visible part of the half line (top right and bottom
    left) had picture information in it and was not set to black. I could
    see a pattern that roughly matched the adjacent full line immediately
    below or above it.

    Nowadays with digital transmission (and 576 lines rather than 575) the supposedly invisible half of the line (it would have been invisible for analogue) has twinklies, as if it is carrying Ceefax-type data.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Charles Hope@clh@candehope.me.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 18:15:03 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 25/07/2026 16:58, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    On 2026/7/25 10:29:36, NY wrote:
    On 25/07/2026 10:04, Roderick Stewart wrote:
    []
    So in the 405 line system, for example, one field would consist of
    lines with all the numbers, odd and even, consecutively from 1 to 202,
    and then the next field would begin halfway through line 203, and so
    on until the end of line 405, followed by line 1 of the first field of
    the next picture. And similarly for 525 and 625 line systems.
    So the official numbering scheme was consecutive numbers of the first
    field and then the *same* consecutive numbering of the second field?

    If that is the case, I wonder how the terms "odd field" and "even field"
    arose. I suppose in the sense of the order of the lines as seen on the
    display screen, where consecutive visible lines might (in theory!) be
    numbered:

    1 odd, 1 even, 2 odd, 2 even,..., 202 odd, 202 even

    rather than

    1, 2, 3, ..., 404

    I think what RS is describing - which from my memory is also what was
    shown in the Gordon J. King books, which I think copied diag.s from some official standard - is

    1, 203, 2, 204 ...

    Your question of where the terms odd and even field came from is a good
    one; I suppose they had to be referred to as _something_, and that
    seemed as good a way as any.

    OK, I'm ignoring the pesky half-lines at the beginning and end of the
    fields ;-) It's interesting to see that some modern broadcasts,
    especially from BBC breakfast TV and local news studios, still have
    half-lines even though the cameras and the signal equipment are all
    digital: there is sometimes an initial half-line of "twinklies" followed
    by the rest of the line with picture.

    (I've asked before here, are the scan lines - in the sensors in the
    cameras - offset very slightly from the horizontal, so their output
    _truly_ mimics a tube camera? I've always suspected they are _not_, and
    now since the majority of viewers are using digital displays - which I'm pretty sure don't have that angular offset! - the question is now moot!)

    I suppose half-lines didn't matter in the days of analogue TV because
    most domestic TVs were set to overscan so the half-line would be hidden

    I never saw one that _wasn't_ set to overscan (except one I'd been at) - often by a horrendous amount, far more than could be justified by the
    tube geometry (even on sets with a square-cornered screen).

    off the top or bottom of the screen. Even with underscanning, was it
    convention that the half-line was used for picture info or did studio

    I don't think the half line was used for anything; that would have
    screwed up the waveform, which was designed to get the (line) oscillator
    in the receiver into sync for the other field. (It had to shift by half
    a line duration.)

    monitors blank it (eg turn off beam current as if for flyback) so as to
    display a perfect rectangle without those irritating extra half-lines
    being seen.

    Did studio equipment use flyback blanking? I wouldn't have thought it necessary, as surely they didn't use the AC coupling that seemed to find
    its way into receivers, such that the gain sometimes wound up (or down -
    405 and 625 used opposite modulation, positive for 405 I think) and
    flyback lines sometimes _were_ visible on a drifted set. Weren't back-
    and front-porches at a level nominally slightly below black, so the beam should have been cut off anyway?

    "pedestal" was a lifting of the black level. it had gone in the UK by
    the time I started working in TVC (1962), but survived in the USA until
    color came. (spelling deliberate)
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From liz@liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid (Liz Tuddenham) to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 19:45:04 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    NY <me@privacy.net> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 14:11, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 13:00:33 -0000 (UTC), richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk
    (Richard Tobin) wrote:

    In article <nch3emFm6gjU1@mid.individual.net>,
    Andy Burns <usenet@andyburns.uk> wrote:

    Could have recorded odd frames to one film reel and even frames to
    another ... I wouldn't fancy the splicing job afterwards though :-P

    What would it look like if the fields were recorded as alternate
    film frames, and played back at double speed?

    Would it not look like 200 or so lines instead of 405 lines, ie very
    low quality TV image?

    Too right it would! Film recording is one hell of a bodge, and no
    substitute for proper recording of the video signal

    I seem to remember a system that recorded the video signal on a
    steadily-moving film - almost like an oscilloscope trace swept
    repeatedly across the width of the film. It might have been mentioned
    in Wireless World?
    --
    ~ Liz Tuddenham ~
    (Remove the ".invalid"s and add ".co.uk" to reply)
    www.poppyrecords.co.uk
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From liz@liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid (Liz Tuddenham) to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 19:45:04 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    NY <me@privacy.net> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 10:27, Scott wrote:
    Sorry but what does 'alternate field' mean? Is it every second scan by
    the TV camera? What prevented all the fields being transferred? Was it
    a limitation in how fast the camera could be run.

    Each frame (every 1/25 second) is scanned twice - once for the
    odd-numbered lines and once for the even-numbered lines.

    If only one field is recorded to film, there is 1/50 second in which the
    film can be advanced to the next frame, with the shutter closed during
    that time. If both fields are recorded, there is very little time
    between the end of the even field for one frame and the start of the odd field for the next frame, which puts horrendous mechanical stress on the frame-advance mechanism in the film camera and on the perforations of
    the film itself.

    I wonder if any FRs ever used a rotating prism (like a Cintel telecine
    in reverse) so the film could be moved continuously rather than intermittently, with the prism optically matching the raster to the
    frames of the film.

    I believe they did - and they used the original Cintel machines to do
    it. Can't remember where i read that. (Pawley?)
    --
    ~ Liz Tuddenham ~
    (Remove the ".invalid"s and add ".co.uk" to reply)
    www.poppyrecords.co.uk
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Dave W@davewi11@yahoo.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 19:53:53 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 23/07/2026 10:39, Scott wrote:
    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done? (1) I thought TV cameras were monochrome only. (2) I assume there were no TV screens large enough to use in a cinema (they were about 15 inches at
    the time) so was a projector involved? How did the images get to the
    cinema at all?

    The coronation was black&white on TV - colour TV only started in 1967.
    My first job was as a development engineer for ABB Consumer Products.

    My mother took me to see the film in colour - certainly not live.
    --
    Dave W
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Charles Hope@clh@candehope.me.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 20:15:04 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 25/07/2026 19:45, Liz Tuddenham wrote:
    NY <me@privacy.net> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 14:11, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 13:00:33 -0000 (UTC), richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk
    (Richard Tobin) wrote:

    In article <nch3emFm6gjU1@mid.individual.net>,
    Andy Burns <usenet@andyburns.uk> wrote:

    Could have recorded odd frames to one film reel and even frames to
    another ... I wouldn't fancy the splicing job afterwards though :-P

    What would it look like if the fields were recorded as alternate
    film frames, and played back at double speed?

    Would it not look like 200 or so lines instead of 405 lines, ie very
    low quality TV image?

    Too right it would! Film recording is one hell of a bodge, and no
    substitute for proper recording of the video signal

    I seem to remember a system that recorded the video signal on a steadily-moving film - almost like an oscilloscope trace swept
    repeatedly across the width of the film. It might have been mentioned
    in Wireless World?

    p502 in Pawley. Called "Cablefilm". Used for getting short film clips
    across the Atlantic,
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 22:58:56 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2026/7/25 21:15:4, Charles Hope wrote:
    On 25/07/2026 19:45, Liz Tuddenham wrote:
    []
    I seem to remember a system that recorded the video signal on a
    steadily-moving film - almost like an oscilloscope trace swept
    repeatedly across the width of the film. It might have been mentioned
    in Wireless World?

    p502 in Pawley. Called "Cablefilm". Used for getting short film clips across the Atlantic,

    Is that not the other way round - a way of electrifying (now we'd say digitising, but no digits were involved) film?

    I "know" (i. e. remember reading somewhere!) that film could be sent by
    fax (or similar), but was of course very slow.

    Hang on, I've got a Pawley PDF ... yes, sounds like it's that: "By
    exchanging bandwidth for time it was possible to send the television
    signals over telephone circuits in the transatlantic telephone cable and re-form them at the receiving end. The original film was scanned slowly
    so that the bandwidth required was only 4.5 kHz, but the transmission
    time was then about a hundred times the normal running time of the film. Nevertheless, moving pictures could be sent more quickly than by using
    an aircraft to transport the film. The pictures were of sub-standard
    quality, with jerky movements, but the method enabled news items
    originated on either side of the Atlantic to be seen on the same day by
    viewers on the other side." So it's a film-to-signal system; however, a
    system using a one-dimensional display (i. e. a line) to record on continuously-moving film certainly ought to have been possible: the
    resulting film would have alternate odd and even frames on it, and this
    _could_ be replayed with special lenses, but would be more easily done
    with the reverse of the recording method, i. e. a line sensor (or mirror
    disc and point sensor - such could also be used on the recording side if
    a line display didn't work well).
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    I still think that one of Rachmaninoff's best works was done by
    Addinsel - @cosmeamenta3474 7 years before 2025-10-23
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 23:06:26 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2026/7/25 18:54:8, NY wrote:
    On 25/07/2026 16:58, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    I don't think the half line was used for anything; that would have
    screwed up the waveform, which was designed to get the (line) oscillator
    in the receiver into sync for the other field. (It had to shift by half
    a line duration.)
    When I managed to turn down the picture height on a TV (not sure how I adjusted it!) the visible part of the half line (top right and bottom
    left) had picture information in it and was not set to black. I could
    see a pattern that roughly matched the adjacent full line immediately
    below or above it.

    Nowadays with digital transmission (and 576 lines rather than 575) the supposedly invisible half of the line (it would have been invisible for analogue) has twinklies, as if it is carrying Ceefax-type data.

    From what I remember of the waveform drawings, in 405, the picture
    information did indeed begin (and thus end) half way through a line; I
    think in 625 it was not so (there were still half lines, of course,
    otherwise interlacing wouldn't have worked properly, just the point at
    which the video was turned on/off was synchronised to a line pulse).
    Though I think I've seen 625 video with half-line video, so either I'm remembering the standard wrong or not all 625 kit obeyed it.
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    "...told me to connect with the electorate, and I did!" John Prescott
    on having punched the man who threw an egg at him (Top Gear, 2011-2-28)
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sat Jul 25 23:13:52 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2026/7/25 22:58:56, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    On 2026/7/25 21:15:4, Charles Hope wrote:
    []
    p502 in Pawley. Called "Cablefilm". Used for getting short film clips
    across the Atlantic,
    []
    Hang on, I've got a Pawley PDF ... yes, sounds like it's that: "By
    exchanging bandwidth for time it was possible to send the television
    signals over telephone circuits in the transatlantic telephone cable and re-form them at the receiving end. The original film was scanned slowly
    so that the bandwidth required was only 4.5 kHz, but the transmission
    time was then about a hundred times the normal running time of the film. Nevertheless, moving pictures could be sent more quickly than by using
    an aircraft to transport the film. The pictures were of sub-standard
    quality, with jerky movements, but the method enabled news items
    originated on either side of the Atlantic to be seen on the same day by viewers on the other side." So it's a film-to-signal system; however, a
    []
    4.5 kHz is about a thousandth (give or take, depending on TV system,
    bandwidth, etc.) - certainly more than 100:1; the reference to "jerky movements" suggested they didn't do every frame. (_Could_ be just poor alignment, but I imagine they'd get that right. Poor alignment would
    make more than just movements jerky, anyway.)
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    "...told me to connect with the electorate, and I did!" John Prescott
    on having punched the man who threw an egg at him (Top Gear, 2011-2-28)
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Roderick Stewart@rjfs@escapetime.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Jul 26 08:53:02 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Sat, 25 Jul 2026 10:29:36 +0100, NY <me@privacy.net> wrote:

    So in the 405 line system, for example, one field would consist of
    lines with all the numbers, odd and even, consecutively from 1 to 202,
    and then the next field would begin halfway through line 203, and so
    on until the end of line 405, followed by line 1 of the first field of
    the next picture. And similarly for 525 and 625 line systems.
    So the official numbering scheme was consecutive numbers of the first
    field and then the *same* consecutive numbering of the second field?

    If that is the case, I wonder how the terms "odd field" and "even field" >arose.

    The lines in the first field were numbered 1, 2, 3, etc up to 202,
    with the field sync pulse coincident with the line sync pulse that
    bagan line 1. Then the field sync pulse of the next field would be
    halfway through line 203, the following lines being numbered 204, 205,
    206 etc up to line 405, and then it would begin again.

    Thus, it's wrong to say that "all the odd numbered lines are
    transmitted, and then all the even numbered lines" which I've even
    seen in print, in some books and magazine articles. The lines are
    transmitted in numerical order, the numbering being both odd and even consecutively, beginning with 1, as you would normally count things.

    Odd fields were defined as the ones in which the first picture line
    was a whole one, and even fields were the ones in which the first
    picture line was a half line.

    Later, they took to numbering the fields with reference to sync
    pulses, not picture, so that the first field was the one in which line
    sync and field sync pulses coincided, and the second field was the one
    in which field sync was halfway between two of them. For the 405 line
    system, there was no conflict, but the 625 line system didn't have a
    whole number of lines between field sysnc and the start of picture,
    resulting in the first field being an even field, and the second field
    being an odd one. It was even worse when colour was added, because the
    PAL system recognised eight fields (again not starting with zero but
    numbered 1 to 8 inclusive) before the relationship between sync and
    subcarrier repeated, resulting in fields 1, 3, 5, and 7 being even by
    the old definition, and 2, 4, 6, and 8 being odd.

    The official specification for 625 PAL refers to the numbering system,
    and you will only see reference to odd and even fields in old books,
    along with fields occasionally being called frames.

    The whole situation could be described as odd.

    Rod.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From NY@me@privacy.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Jul 26 09:29:43 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 26/07/2026 08:53, Roderick Stewart wrote:
    The lines in the first field were numbered 1, 2, 3, etc up to 202,
    with the field sync pulse coincident with the line sync pulse that
    began line 1. Then the field sync pulse of the next field would be
    halfway through line 203, the following lines being numbered 204, 205,
    206 etc up to line 405, and then it would begin again.

    Thus, it's wrong to say that "all the odd numbered lines are
    transmitted, and then all the even numbered lines" which I've even
    seen in print, in some books and magazine articles. The lines are
    transmitted in numerical order, the numbering being both odd and even consecutively, beginning with 1, as you would normally count things.
    Ah, I understand. I think if I'd been numbering them, I'd have numbered
    them in display order, so (in order of transmission) 1, 3, 5, ..., 2, 4,
    6, ...

    But if they chose to do it the other way, then that's the definitive numbering!

    I wonder if all the articles that use the wrong numbering convention
    assume that "the odd field" has lines which are all odd numbers?


    Am I imagining this, or did engineers once develop a prototype for a TV
    system which used three fields per frame, before abandoning it? I mean
    three fields for *every* frame, rather than alternating two and three TV fields per frame of film in the US 3:2 pull-down.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From liz@liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid (Liz Tuddenham) to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Jul 26 10:58:20 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    NY <me@privacy.net> wrote:

    On 26/07/2026 08:53, Roderick Stewart wrote:
    The lines in the first field were numbered 1, 2, 3, etc up to 202,
    with the field sync pulse coincident with the line sync pulse that
    began line 1. Then the field sync pulse of the next field would be
    halfway through line 203, the following lines being numbered 204, 205,
    206 etc up to line 405, and then it would begin again.

    Thus, it's wrong to say that "all the odd numbered lines are
    transmitted, and then all the even numbered lines" which I've even
    seen in print, in some books and magazine articles. The lines are transmitted in numerical order, the numbering being both odd and even consecutively, beginning with 1, as you would normally count things.
    Ah, I understand. I think if I'd been numbering them, I'd have numbered
    them in display order, so (in order of transmission) 1, 3, 5, ..., 2, 4,
    6, ...

    But if they chose to do it the other way, then that's the definitive numbering!

    I wonder if all the articles that use the wrong numbering convention
    assume that "the odd field" has lines which are all odd numbers?


    Am I imagining this, or did engineers once develop a prototype for a TV system which used three fields per frame, before abandoning it? I mean
    three fields for *every* frame, rather than alternating two and three TV fields per frame of film in the US 3:2 pull-down.

    I've not heard of it but it would be easily adapted to field-sequential
    colour.
    --
    ~ Liz Tuddenham ~
    (Remove the ".invalid"s and add ".co.uk" to reply)
    www.poppyrecords.co.uk
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From liz@liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid (Liz Tuddenham) to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Jul 26 10:58:20 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    Charles Hope <clh@candehope.me.uk> wrote:

    On 25/07/2026 19:45, Liz Tuddenham wrote:
    NY <me@privacy.net> wrote:

    On 24/07/2026 14:11, Scott wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 13:00:33 -0000 (UTC), richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk
    (Richard Tobin) wrote:

    In article <nch3emFm6gjU1@mid.individual.net>,
    Andy Burns <usenet@andyburns.uk> wrote:

    Could have recorded odd frames to one film reel and even frames to >>>>> another ... I wouldn't fancy the splicing job afterwards though :-P >>>>
    What would it look like if the fields were recorded as alternate
    film frames, and played back at double speed?

    Would it not look like 200 or so lines instead of 405 lines, ie very
    low quality TV image?

    Too right it would! Film recording is one hell of a bodge, and no
    substitute for proper recording of the video signal

    I seem to remember a system that recorded the video signal on a steadily-moving film - almost like an oscilloscope trace swept
    repeatedly across the width of the film. It might have been mentioned
    in Wireless World?

    p502 in Pawley. Called "Cablefilm". Used for getting short film clips
    across the Atlantic,

    That was more like slow-scan TV with an intermediate film process. The
    system I heard of was a film of the actual waveform recorded by
    continuous film movement - a sort of optical Ampex video tape without
    the need for four heads. The waveform was recorded in strips across the
    width of the film.
    --
    ~ Liz Tuddenham ~
    (Remove the ".invalid"s and add ".co.uk" to reply)
    www.poppyrecords.co.uk
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Max Demian@max_demian@bigfoot.com to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Jul 26 11:11:13 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 25/07/2026 09:41, Roderick Stewart wrote:
    On Fri, 24 Jul 2026 21:10:35 +0100, "J. P. Gilliver"
    <G6JPG@255soft.uk> wrote:

    The 187.5-line film of the coronation might be interesting for
    historical purposes - presumably it had some camera angles the (colour,
    film) people didn't. But there might also be other filmed 405-line
    material, for which it's the only record. Whether upscaling would be
    effective, I don't know; I've always been dubious about upscaling
    anyway, but given its popularity (e. g. SD material upscaling), I'm
    probably wrong.

    They repeated the whole thing in real time on one of the
    anniversaries, and I was able to record all five or six hours of it on
    a single DVD by using the lowest quality long play setting. Because of
    the limitations of the original material, hardly any quality was lost
    in doing this.

    the full- (or nearly) resolution film made by the fast-pull-down
    machines can of course, and has, been digitised, and doesn't need any
    upscaling (to restore the original resolution, anyway). Whether it could
    be de-interlaced to regenerate the original interlaced 50 fields signal,
    I don't know!

    Was that the original film; the one flown across the Atlantic?
    --
    Max Demian
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Jul 26 13:34:03 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2026/7/26 11:11:13, Max Demian wrote:
    On 25/07/2026 09:41, Roderick Stewart wrote:
    []
    They repeated the whole thing in real time on one of the
    anniversaries, and I was able to record all five or six hours of it on
    a single DVD by using the lowest quality long play setting. Because of
    the limitations of the original material, hardly any quality was lost
    in doing this.

    the full- (or nearly) resolution film made by the fast-pull-down
    machines can of course, and has, been digitised, and doesn't need any
    upscaling (to restore the original resolution, anyway). Whether it could >>> be de-interlaced to regenerate the original interlaced 50 fields signal, >>> I don't know!

    Was that the original film; the one flown across the Atlantic?

    Any film made from the actual video of the time - whether for archival
    purposes or to fly - would have been that made from just one field, i.
    e. 187.5 lines of picture information, as that was all they could do. I
    _think_ what was flown to America for showing _quickly_ was if that
    nature; presumably, they later got the colour film also shot at the event.
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    It's easy to blame others for your own failures.
    No, really. Try it.
    - joke section back of Russian newspaper - Steve Rosenberg, 2026-5-12
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Jul 26 13:44:41 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2026/7/26 10:58:20, Liz Tuddenham wrote:
    NY <me@privacy.net> wrote:
    []
    Am I imagining this, or did engineers once develop a prototype for a TV
    system which used three fields per frame, before abandoning it? I mean
    three fields for *every* frame, rather than alternating two and three TV
    fields per frame of film in the US 3:2 pull-down.

    I've not heard of it but it would be easily adapted to field-sequential colour.


    America did experiment with field-sequential colour (including colour
    wheels); since this made it incompatible with the existing system (and
    thus sets), it never got very far, but since it _was_ incompatible, they presumably could do whatever they wanted.

    Frame-sequential colour (I suppose I should say color!) was used on (at
    least some of) the Apollo missions; you can see colour fringes on
    movement and pans.
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    It's easy to blame others for your own failures.
    No, really. Try it.
    - joke section back of Russian newspaper - Steve Rosenberg, 2026-5-12
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From John Williamson@johnwilliamson@btinternet.com to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Jul 26 13:53:40 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 26/07/2026 13:34, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    On 2026/7/26 11:11:13, Max Demian wrote:

    Any film made from the actual video of the time - whether for archival purposes or to fly - would have been that made from just one field, i.
    e. 187.5 lines of picture information, as that was all they could do. I _think_ what was flown to America for showing _quickly_ was if that
    nature; presumably, they later got the colour film also shot at the event.

    The colour could have been flown to America on the same plane as the monochrome made from the video. Pathe had a whole system in place for
    getting the news to the cinemas in a hurry. Process the negative, then
    edit and copy it while wet, saving a few minutes. From what I was told,
    they could get an important event such as the cup final out to the
    cinemas for the matinee show the following day. Motor bikes were
    involved....
    --
    Tciao for Now!

    John.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Jul 26 21:42:28 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Sun, 26 Jul 2026 13:53:40 +0100, John Williamson <johnwilliamson@btinternet.com> wrote:

    On 26/07/2026 13:34, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    On 2026/7/26 11:11:13, Max Demian wrote:

    Any film made from the actual video of the time - whether for archival
    purposes or to fly - would have been that made from just one field, i.
    e. 187.5 lines of picture information, as that was all they could do. I
    _think_ what was flown to America for showing _quickly_ was if that
    nature; presumably, they later got the colour film also shot at the event. >>
    The colour could have been flown to America on the same plane as the >monochrome made from the video. Pathe had a whole system in place for >getting the news to the cinemas in a hurry. Process the negative, then
    edit and copy it while wet, saving a few minutes. From what I was told,
    they could get an important event such as the cup final out to the
    cinemas for the matinee show the following day. Motor bikes were >involved....

    The above process applies I assume to the monochrome since, as I
    understand it, colour cine film does not have a negative (same as transparencies)?
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Jul 26 21:47:54 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Sat, 25 Jul 2026 19:53:53 +0100, Dave W <davewi11@yahoo.co.uk>
    wrote:

    On 23/07/2026 10:39, Scott wrote:
    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done? (1) I
    thought TV cameras were monochrome only. (2) I assume there were no TV
    screens large enough to use in a cinema (they were about 15 inches at
    the time) so was a projector involved? How did the images get to the
    cinema at all?

    The coronation was black&white on TV - colour TV only started in 1967.
    My first job was as a development engineer for ABB Consumer Products.

    My mother took me to see the film in colour - certainly not live.

    I assume you mean broadcast colour TV. What about this link posted by
    Richard Tobin earlier? https://www.earlytelevision.org/british_experimental.html
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From John Williamson@johnwilliamson@btinternet.com to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Jul 27 08:31:06 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 26/07/2026 21:42, Scott wrote:
    On Sun, 26 Jul 2026 13:53:40 +0100, John Williamson <johnwilliamson@btinternet.com> wrote:

    On 26/07/2026 13:34, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    On 2026/7/26 11:11:13, Max Demian wrote:

    Any film made from the actual video of the time - whether for archival
    purposes or to fly - would have been that made from just one field, i.
    e. 187.5 lines of picture information, as that was all they could do. I
    _think_ what was flown to America for showing _quickly_ was if that
    nature; presumably, they later got the colour film also shot at the event. >>>
    The colour could have been flown to America on the same plane as the
    monochrome made from the video. Pathe had a whole system in place for
    getting the news to the cinemas in a hurry. Process the negative, then
    edit and copy it while wet, saving a few minutes. From what I was told,
    they could get an important event such as the cup final out to the
    cinemas for the matinee show the following day. Motor bikes were
    involved....

    The above process applies I assume to the monochrome since, as I
    understand it, colour cine film does not have a negative (same as transparencies)?

    It depends on the usage. Both negative and reversal were and are
    available in the types needed. For Pathe, as they needed to produce
    multiple copies, they would have used negative, as it is easier to
    correct and grade the copies.

    Negative is also quicker to process, as there is no need for the
    intermediate steps which convert the negative image produced on the film
    by the initial exposure of the film to a positive.
    --
    Tciao for Now!

    John.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From NY@me@privacy.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Jul 27 10:30:03 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 26/07/2026 21:42, Scott wrote:
    On Sun, 26 Jul 2026 13:53:40 +0100, John Williamson <johnwilliamson@btinternet.com> wrote:

    On 26/07/2026 13:34, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    On 2026/7/26 11:11:13, Max Demian wrote:

    Any film made from the actual video of the time - whether for archival
    purposes or to fly - would have been that made from just one field, i.
    e. 187.5 lines of picture information, as that was all they could do. I
    _think_ what was flown to America for showing _quickly_ was if that
    nature; presumably, they later got the colour film also shot at the event. >>>
    The colour could have been flown to America on the same plane as the
    monochrome made from the video. Pathe had a whole system in place for
    getting the news to the cinemas in a hurry. Process the negative, then
    edit and copy it while wet, saving a few minutes. From what I was told,
    they could get an important event such as the cup final out to the
    cinemas for the matinee show the following day. Motor bikes were
    involved....

    The above process applies I assume to the monochrome since, as I
    understand it, colour cine film does not have a negative (same as transparencies)?


    Film shot for amateur use is almost invariably reversal (like a slide/transparency) - the film you project is the same as the film that
    you shot in the camera.

    Film used for news reports was normally reversal - often Ektachrome 160 tungsten, with an amber filter for outdoor shooting. That's because it
    is the quickest way of going from undeveloped film to transmission on
    the news.

    All other use of film - for cinema or TV drama/documentaries - is/was negative. This allowed grading (adjustment of contrast or colour
    balance) and allowed many contact-print copies to be made: copying
    negative to positive is easier than copying positive to positive.

    I think film for TV is almost always transmitted from a positive (either reversal or print), though I'm sure there were occasions when it was transmitted from negative.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From NY@me@privacy.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Jul 27 10:34:46 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 27/07/2026 08:31, John Williamson wrote:
    Negative is also quicker to process, as there is no need for the intermediate steps which convert the negative image produced on the film
    by the initial exposure of the film to a positive.

    Was the fact the TV news reports used reversal film mainly due to the
    fact that you don't need to make a positive print in order to be able to assess shots for editing, or was it because less tweaking was required
    to telecine from a positive than from a negative?

    Did editing desks (Steenbecks) ever have a low-grade TV camera/screen to
    do the reversal from negative to positive to make it easier for the
    editor to assess shots, even if he then made a positive print from the
    cut negative, for transmission. Or was editing always done on a
    positive, and then a cutting list generated for the neg to be cut correspondingly (and then printed)?

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  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Jul 27 15:28:26 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2026/7/27 10:34:46, NY wrote:
    []
    Was the fact the TV news reports used reversal film mainly due to the
    fact that you don't need to make a positive print in order to be able to assess shots for editing, or was it because less tweaking was required
    to telecine from a positive than from a negative?

    I think it was a matter of speed: though more complicated, the reversal
    process was probably quicker than two negative ones - and, you'd not
    need to keep as much stock.

    Did editing desks (Steenbecks) ever have a low-grade TV camera/screen to
    do the reversal from negative to positive to make it easier for the
    editor to assess shots, even if he then made a positive print from the
    cut negative, for transmission. Or was editing always done on a
    positive, and then a cutting list generated for the neg to be cut correspondingly (and then printed)?

    Interesting question! I've never seen or heard of a Steenbeck with such
    a camera, but that doesn't mean they didn't exist. I suspect an
    experienced editor could assess from a negative anyway, especially in monochrome. (You could do reversal on monochrome - I used to do it (as a schoolboy) for stills, using a kit of chemicals from Johnsons and cheap
    bulk ordinary negative film, to make B/W slides; I must get round to
    scanning some of them!)
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    Old professors don't fade away - they just lose their faculties.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Jul 27 15:41:57 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2026/7/26 21:47:54, Scott wrote:
    On Sat, 25 Jul 2026 19:53:53 +0100, Dave W <davewi11@yahoo.co.uk>
    wrote:

    On 23/07/2026 10:39, Scott wrote:
    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done? (1) I
    thought TV cameras were monochrome only. (2) I assume there were no TV
    screens large enough to use in a cinema (they were about 15 inches at
    the time) so was a projector involved? How did the images get to the
    cinema at all?

    The coronation was black&white on TV - colour TV only started in 1967.
    My first job was as a development engineer for ABB Consumer Products.

    My mother took me to see the film in colour - certainly not live.

    I assume you mean broadcast colour TV. What about this link posted by
    Richard Tobin earlier? https://www.earlytelevision.org/british_experimental.html

    Thanks for (re-giving) the link! A couple of questions:
    1. I'd love to know the technical details - lines, frame rate, etc.;
    there's a brief but tantalising mention in the above about "colour sync pulses", presumably to keep the colour switching in sync.
    2. Why on earth was GOSH chosen as the destination! A lovely thing to
    do, of course, but one can't help wondering why. Maybe just geographical
    - their "low-power UHF" transmitter presumably couldn't get very far,
    and maybe it was the only destination within range.

    The BBC (I don't know about ITV) _did_ experiment with colour much
    later, but on 405 - using (obviously a special version of!) the NTSC
    method, and others. I think it was the fact that 405 was on VHF which highlighted its shortcomings: phase errors (giving hue errors) are worse
    at VHF (and/or when the video bandwidth is so much more a percentage of
    the transmitted frequency), and perhaps it would actually not have been
    so bad on UHF. (But I'm glad that it directed us to the PAL system
    anyway.) I worked with someone (Len Mays) who was to some extent
    involved with those tests - as I said, much later than the coronation -
    but sadly he's no longer with us, so I can't grill him for details.
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf

    Old professors don't fade away - they just lose their faculties.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Jul 27 16:32:28 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Mon, 27 Jul 2026 15:41:57 +0100, "J. P. Gilliver"
    <G6JPG@255soft.uk> wrote:

    On 2026/7/26 21:47:54, Scott wrote:
    On Sat, 25 Jul 2026 19:53:53 +0100, Dave W <davewi11@yahoo.co.uk>
    wrote:

    On 23/07/2026 10:39, Scott wrote:
    A friend told me she saw the 1953 Coronation live in colour in a
    cinema (her father worked for J Arthur Rank). How was this done? (1) I >>>> thought TV cameras were monochrome only. (2) I assume there were no TV >>>> screens large enough to use in a cinema (they were about 15 inches at
    the time) so was a projector involved? How did the images get to the
    cinema at all?

    The coronation was black&white on TV - colour TV only started in 1967.
    My first job was as a development engineer for ABB Consumer Products.

    My mother took me to see the film in colour - certainly not live.

    I assume you mean broadcast colour TV. What about this link posted by
    Richard Tobin earlier?
    https://www.earlytelevision.org/british_experimental.html

    Thanks for (re-giving) the link! A couple of questions:
    1. I'd love to know the technical details - lines, frame rate, etc.;
    there's a brief but tantalising mention in the above about "colour sync >pulses", presumably to keep the colour switching in sync.
    2. Why on earth was GOSH chosen as the destination! A lovely thing to
    do, of course, but one can't help wondering why. Maybe just geographical
    - their "low-power UHF" transmitter presumably couldn't get very far,
    and maybe it was the only destination within range.

    The BBC (I don't know about ITV) _did_ experiment with colour much
    later, but on 405 - using (obviously a special version of!) the NTSC
    method, and others. I think it was the fact that 405 was on VHF which >highlighted its shortcomings: phase errors (giving hue errors) are worse
    at VHF (and/or when the video bandwidth is so much more a percentage of
    the transmitted frequency), and perhaps it would actually not have been
    so bad on UHF. (But I'm glad that it directed us to the PAL system
    anyway.) I worked with someone (Len Mays) who was to some extent
    involved with those tests - as I said, much later than the coronation -
    but sadly he's no longer with us, so I can't grill him for details.

    Richard's link of course - maybe he could enlighten us further? I
    wonder if GOSH was the only destination (which I agree would seem
    surprising) or simply the subject of this article. Specifically, I
    wonder if a central London Rank cinema could also have been part of
    the trial, as my friend is very adamant that she watched the
    Coronation in colour with her father who was in quite a senior
    position at J Arthur Rank at the time.
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  • From richard@richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk (Richard Tobin) to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Jul 27 16:55:52 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    In article <b7ue6lpesttu6mbso2hocv7sl5bompjib0@4ax.com>,
    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    Richard's link of course - maybe he could enlighten us further?

    Sorry, I know no more about it than is on the page.

    -- Richard
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Theo@theom+news@chiark.greenend.org.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Tue Jul 28 16:08:44 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    Richard Tobin <richard@cogsci.ed.ac.uk> wrote:
    In article <b7ue6lpesttu6mbso2hocv7sl5bompjib0@4ax.com>,
    Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    Richard's link of course - maybe he could enlighten us further?

    Sorry, I know no more about it than is on the page.

    Some details about the camera: https://tvcameramuseum.org/pye/exp-colour/p11.html
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2