• An afterthought about the Binary Tree

    From WM@wolfgang.mueckenheim@tha.de to de.sci.mathematik,sci.math,sci.logic on Thu May 7 22:48:41 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic


    Meanwhile I know three mathematicians [1, 2, 3] who deny that the Binary
    Tree can produce the paths belonging to single real numbers. There
    remain sheaves or bunches of paths, each one containing uncountably many
    paths which are not further distinguishable in the infinite Binary Tree.

    /\
    /\/\
    ...

    In my opinion this forbids the complete digit sequence of any real
    number because a path in the Binary Tree is nothing else than a sequence
    of bits. On the other hand Cantor's diagonal argument produces a
    complete digit sequence (in the original version [4] a complete bit
    sequence, using the symbols W M) of a real number, namely the famous
    diagonal number.

    How can this contradiction be resolved?

    References
    [1] Alarming-Smoke1467 in How can the basic element of the Binary Tree
    be overcome? https://www.reddit.com/r/learnmath/comments/1sf7jht/how_can_the_basic_element_of_the_binary_tree_be/
    (unfortunately deleted meanwhile) said on 7 April 2026 "There are
    countably many sheafs, but note that each is uncountable."
    [2] Moebius aka Franz Fitsche in Wie kann man die Elemente des Bin|nren
    Baums |+berlisten? in the newsgroup de.sci.mathematik said on 17 April
    2026 " Ja, es gibt in der Tat nur abz|nhlbar unendlich viele Pfadb|+ndel
    'im Baum', aber |+berabz|nhlbar viele Pfade."
    [3] Mikko in AI understands where 99 % of mathematicians fail in the
    newsgroup sci.logic said on 30 April 2026 "Nodes further down separate
    further [paths] but only to infinite subsets."
    [4] G. Cantor: |Lber eine elementare Frage der Mannigfaltigkeitslehre. Jahresbericht der Deutsch. Math. Vereing. Bd. I, S. 75-78 (1890-91)

    Regards, WM
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  • From Mikko@mikko.levanto@iki.fi to de.sci.mathematik,sci.math,sci.logic on Fri May 8 10:58:29 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 07/05/2026 23:48, WM wrote:

    Meanwhile I know three mathematicians [1, 2, 3] who deny that the Binary Tree can produce the paths belonging to single real numbers.

    Mathematical objecs like a binary tree don't produce. They just are.
    There are paths in a binary tree but they don't go anywhere other
    tnan to nodes of the tree. Unless at least some nodes are real numbers
    the paths don't go to any real number and in any case they don't go
    to any other real number.

    There
    remain sheaves or bunches of paths, each one containing uncountably many paths which are not further distinguishable in the infinite Binary Tree.

    Every path is distinguished from every other path by any one of the
    nodes that one of them contains and the other does not.

    -a/\
    /\/\
    ...

    In my opinion this forbids the complete digit sequence of any real
    number because a path in the Binary Tree is nothing else than a sequence
    of bits. On the other hand Cantor's diagonal argument produces a
    complete digit sequence (in the original version [4] a complete bit sequence, using the symbols W M) of a real number, namely the famous diagonal number.

    A bit sequence is useful for proving that the power set of a
    countable set is not countable. For uncountablility of reals there is
    the problem that bit sequences with only finitely many zeros are
    different from bit sequences with only finitely many ones but denote
    the same real numbers. This problem is avoided with base 3 or higher.

    How can this contradiction be resolved?

    The most effective way is to stick to formal proofs that are verified
    with a good simple proof checker.
    --
    Mikko
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  • From wm@wolfgang.mueckenheim@tha.de to sci.logic on Fri May 8 14:46:15 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    Am 08.05.2026 um 09:58 schrieb Mikko:
    On 07/05/2026 23:48, WM wrote:

    Meanwhile I know three mathematicians [1, 2, 3] who deny that the
    Binary Tree can produce the paths belonging to single real numbers.

    Mathematical objecs like a binary tree don't produce.

    That is a matter of taste. It is possible to describe what happens when
    we go through a mathematical object. Then a sequence can decrease, a sum
    or series can grow and a node can produce a sheaf.

    They just are.
    There are paths in a binary tree but they don't go

    In fact, they go? Fast or slow?

    anywhere other
    tnan to nodes of the tree. Unless at least some nodes are real numbers

    No. Nodes are points. They can be defined by natural numbers. Real
    numbers are (represented by) paths. But obviously only countably many
    can be distinguished by nodes.

    the paths don't go to any real number

    They are (representing) real numbers.

    There remain sheaves or bunches of paths, each one containing
    uncountably many paths which are not further distinguishable in the
    infinite Binary Tree.

    Every path is distinguished from every other path by any one of the
    nodes that one of them contains and the other does not.

    -a-a/\
    /\/\
    ...

    In my opinion this forbids the complete digit sequence of any real
    number because a path in the Binary Tree is nothing else than a
    sequence of bits. On the other hand Cantor's diagonal argument
    produces a complete digit sequence (in the original version [4] a
    complete bit sequence, using the symbols W M) of a real number, namely
    the famous diagonal number.

    A bit sequence is useful for proving that the power set of a
    countable set is not countable. For uncountablility of reals there is
    the problem that bit sequences with only finitely many zeros are
    different from bit sequences with only finitely many ones but denote
    the same real numbers. This problem is avoided with base 3 or higher.

    How can this contradiction be resolved?

    The most effective way is to stick to formal proofs that are verified
    with a good simple proof checker.

    But it is obvious that the current formalism is nonsense since it
    assumes or even proves that every rational number can be finitely
    defined (disproved above) and that uncountably many paths differing by
    nodes are existing in the Binary Tree (contradiction accepted by
    yourself). So why should anybody depend on that???

    Regards, WM

    Regards, WM>

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  • From Moebius@invalid@example.invalid to sci.logic on Fri May 8 14:57:11 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    Am 08.05.2026 um 09:58 schrieb Mikko:
    On 07/05/2026 23:48, WM wrote:
    [...] On the other hand Cantor's diagonal argument
    produces a complete digit sequence (in the original version [4] a
    complete bit sequence, using the symbols W M) of a real number, namely
    the famous diagonal number.
    Note: Cantor considered just the set of all sequences of symbols w m,
    not "real numbers" (in, say, [0, 1]).
    Indeed:
    A bit sequence is useful for proving that the power set of a
    countable set is not countable. For uncountablility of reals there is
    the problem that bit sequences with only finitely many zeros are
    different from bit sequences with only finitely many ones but denote
    the same real numbers. This problem is avoided with base 3 or higher.
    How can this contradiction be resolved?
    A good psychiatrist might be helpful.
    --
    Diese E-Mail wurde von Avast-Antivirussoftware auf Viren gepr|+ft. www.avast.com
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  • From wm@wolfgang.mueckenheim@tha.de to sci.logic on Fri May 8 15:16:11 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    Am 08.05.2026 um 14:57 schrieb Moebius:
    Am 08.05.2026 um 09:58 schrieb Mikko:
    On 07/05/2026 23:48, WM wrote:

    [...] On the other hand Cantor's diagonal argument produces a
    complete digit sequence (in the original version [4] a complete bit
    sequence, using the symbols W M) of a real number, namely the famous
    diagonal number.

    Note: Cantor considered just the set of all sequences of symbols w m,
    not "real numbers" (in, say, [0, 1]).

    Nat|+rlich, aber so lassen sich reelle Zahlen auch darstellen. Und |+berdies: "Dieser Beweis erscheint nicht nur wegen seiner gro|fen Einfachheit,
    sondern namentlich auch aus dem Grunde bemerkenswert, weil das darin
    befolgte Prinzip sich ohne weiteres auf den allgemeinen Satz ausdehnen
    l|n|ft, da|f die M|nchtigkeit wohldefinierter Mannigfaltigkeiten kein
    Maximum haben oder, was dasselbe ist, da|f jeder gegebenen
    Mannigfaltigkeit L eine andere M an die Seite gestellt werden kann,
    welche von st|nrkerer M|nchtigkeit ist als L.
    Sei beispielsweise L ein Linearkontinuum, etwa der Inbegriff aller reellen Zahlgr|||fen x, die >= 0 und =< 1 sind."

    How can this contradiction be resolved?

    A good psychiatrist might be helpful.

    Kaum zu erwarten, dass der |+berhaupt den Text versteht. Hast Du schon
    einen Ausweg gefunden?

    Moebius aka Franz Fitsche in Wie kann man die Elemente des Bin|nren Baums |+berlisten? in the newsgroup de.sci.mathematik said on 17 April 2026
    "Ja, es gibt in der Tat nur abz|nhlbar unendlich viele Pfadb|+ndel 'im
    Baum', aber |+berabz|nhlbar viele Pfade."

    Hint: Halluzinierte Pfade interessieren nicht sehr. Gefragt sind durch
    Knoten unterscheidbare Pfade.

    Gru|f, WM

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  • From Ross Finlayson@ross.a.finlayson@gmail.com to sci.logic on Fri May 8 09:58:24 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 05/08/2026 12:58 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 07/05/2026 23:48, WM wrote:

    Meanwhile I know three mathematicians [1, 2, 3] who deny that the
    Binary Tree can produce the paths belonging to single real numbers.

    Mathematical objecs like a binary tree don't produce. They just are.
    There are paths in a binary tree but they don't go anywhere other
    tnan to nodes of the tree. Unless at least some nodes are real numbers
    the paths don't go to any real number and in any case they don't go
    to any other real number.

    There remain sheaves or bunches of paths, each one containing
    uncountably many paths which are not further distinguishable in the
    infinite Binary Tree.

    Every path is distinguished from every other path by any one of the
    nodes that one of them contains and the other does not.

    /\
    /\/\
    ...

    In my opinion this forbids the complete digit sequence of any real
    number because a path in the Binary Tree is nothing else than a
    sequence of bits. On the other hand Cantor's diagonal argument
    produces a complete digit sequence (in the original version [4] a
    complete bit sequence, using the symbols W M) of a real number, namely
    the famous diagonal number.

    A bit sequence is useful for proving that the power set of a
    countable set is not countable. For uncountablility of reals there is
    the problem that bit sequences with only finitely many zeros are
    different from bit sequences with only finitely many ones but denote
    the same real numbers. This problem is avoided with base 3 or higher.

    How can this contradiction be resolved?

    The most effective way is to stick to formal proofs that are verified
    with a good simple proof checker.


    About the formalization (basically for theories of types and then
    for usual accounts of abstract symbolic notation then for the
    course of inference and the equi-interpretability of "proof theory"
    and "model theory"), then some examples of theorem-proof-checking
    (if not exactly "theorem-proving" systems abount.

    Mizar
    Metamath
    Isabelle/Coq
    Lean
    ...
    Usual accounts of solvers like Matlab, Mathematica, Macsyma, Maple,
    ... "computer algebra systems".
    "Z", I suppose



    I'm curious what would be a, "portable subset" of language of theorem-proof-checkers, or, an "abstraction layer" of the
    interface of theorem-proof-checkers, about the "equi-interpretability"
    among various theorem-proof-checkers, "TPC's" now, thusly
    that "compilers" make for "generating code" that "targets"
    various "language runtimes" reliably.

    I'm curious a survey of "inference systems" about "inference systems".


    Then, the most reliable way is yet rather philosophical account
    about what's "true" and "consistent" then as for the "complete"
    and "paradox-free", the acounts of reasoning, if though at some
    point "good" and "simple" aren't the same thing, then about the
    usual idea that it's cheaper to "check" something than "compute"
    it, while yet there's a usual idea that in the ephemeral and
    temporal that while "measure twice, cut once" that "time's a wasting".


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  • From Ross Finlayson@ross.a.finlayson@gmail.com to sci.logic,sci.math on Fri May 8 10:16:13 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 05/08/2026 05:57 AM, Moebius wrote:
    Am 08.05.2026 um 09:58 schrieb Mikko:
    On 07/05/2026 23:48, WM wrote:

    [...] On the other hand Cantor's diagonal argument produces a
    complete digit sequence (in the original version [4] a complete bit
    sequence, using the symbols W M) of a real number, namely the famous
    diagonal number.

    Note: Cantor considered just the set of all sequences of symbols w m,
    not "real numbers" (in, say, [0, 1]).

    Indeed:

    A bit sequence is useful for proving that the power set of a
    countable set is not countable. For uncountablility of reals there is
    the problem that bit sequences with only finitely many zeros are
    different from bit sequences with only finitely many ones but denote
    the same real numbers. This problem is avoided with base 3 or higher.

    How can this contradiction be resolved?

    A good psychiatrist might be helpful.


    "Disambiguating quantifiers".

    The idea that in combinatorics that the constant "2" is fundamentally
    different than the constant "3", yet in asymptotics they run out on
    the same orders naively, is for aspects of what's called "Ramsey theory".

    Also there's base one and base infinity to consider, when for
    an integer is just tally-marks of increment, and a real numbers
    is just +- (integer-part) (radix) (non-integer part), that also
    the word "radix" fills at least two roles one the idea of the
    base of the exponent, the other the divider between integer and non-integer.

    A good psychiatrist is not necessarily a "conscientious logician"
    of the competent and thorough sort. The "help" may help, yet,
    the conscientious logician has a bit of a bigger brain to satisfy.

    So, disambiguating quantifiers is a usual account of de-craze-ifying,
    since the crazing leads to the cracking, and the failure.


    Having an account of "paradox-free" reason may help.


    Anyways that it actually matters for the infinitary reasoning
    why the binary representation of numbers and trinary/ternary
    representations of numbers have different theorems about them, for
    example where the binary anti-diagonal has only and exactly _one_ rule
    for making the anti-diagonalization and that to avoid "dual
    representation" that the usual account is to make the list in a higher
    base and say there are "anti-semi-tri-diagonals", instead of an "anti-diagonal", here is that there are accounts like the "Equivalency Function" that only makes for one rule for an anti-diagonal.


    So, that "the problem" isn't solve instead just put off.


    Then, "Ramsey theory" is a usual umbrella for independence results
    of the non-standard, yet these days it's often reduced to talking
    about graph-coloring and arithmetic progressions and Szmeredi's
    conjectures of all one kind.


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  • From Ross Finlayson@ross.a.finlayson@gmail.com to sci.logic on Fri May 8 10:47:13 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 05/08/2026 09:58 AM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 05/08/2026 12:58 AM, Mikko wrote:
    On 07/05/2026 23:48, WM wrote:

    Meanwhile I know three mathematicians [1, 2, 3] who deny that the
    Binary Tree can produce the paths belonging to single real numbers.

    Mathematical objecs like a binary tree don't produce. They just are.
    There are paths in a binary tree but they don't go anywhere other
    tnan to nodes of the tree. Unless at least some nodes are real numbers
    the paths don't go to any real number and in any case they don't go
    to any other real number.

    There remain sheaves or bunches of paths, each one containing
    uncountably many paths which are not further distinguishable in the
    infinite Binary Tree.

    Every path is distinguished from every other path by any one of the
    nodes that one of them contains and the other does not.

    /\
    /\/\
    ...

    In my opinion this forbids the complete digit sequence of any real
    number because a path in the Binary Tree is nothing else than a
    sequence of bits. On the other hand Cantor's diagonal argument
    produces a complete digit sequence (in the original version [4] a
    complete bit sequence, using the symbols W M) of a real number, namely
    the famous diagonal number.

    A bit sequence is useful for proving that the power set of a
    countable set is not countable. For uncountablility of reals there is
    the problem that bit sequences with only finitely many zeros are
    different from bit sequences with only finitely many ones but denote
    the same real numbers. This problem is avoided with base 3 or higher.

    How can this contradiction be resolved?

    The most effective way is to stick to formal proofs that are verified
    with a good simple proof checker.


    About the formalization (basically for theories of types and then
    for usual accounts of abstract symbolic notation then for the
    course of inference and the equi-interpretability of "proof theory"
    and "model theory"), then some examples of theorem-proof-checking
    (if not exactly "theorem-proving" systems abount.

    Mizar
    Metamath
    Isabelle/Coq
    Lean
    ...
    Usual accounts of solvers like Matlab, Mathematica, Macsyma, Maple,
    ... "computer algebra systems".
    "Z", I suppose



    I'm curious what would be a, "portable subset" of language of theorem-proof-checkers, or, an "abstraction layer" of the
    interface of theorem-proof-checkers, about the "equi-interpretability"
    among various theorem-proof-checkers, "TPC's" now, thusly
    that "compilers" make for "generating code" that "targets"
    various "language runtimes" reliably.

    I'm curious a survey of "inference systems" about "inference systems".


    Then, the most reliable way is yet rather philosophical account
    about what's "true" and "consistent" then as for the "complete"
    and "paradox-free", the acounts of reasoning, if though at some
    point "good" and "simple" aren't the same thing, then about the
    usual idea that it's cheaper to "check" something than "compute"
    it, while yet there's a usual idea that in the ephemeral and
    temporal that while "measure twice, cut once" that "time's a wasting".



    https://6826.csail.mit.edu/2017/lf/Extraction.html

    "Of course, the parser we're using is not certified,
    since we didn't prove anything about it! "


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  • From Mikko@mikko.levanto@iki.fi to sci.logic on Sat May 9 10:59:58 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 08/05/2026 15:46, wm wrote:
    Am 08.05.2026 um 09:58 schrieb Mikko:
    On 07/05/2026 23:48, WM wrote:

    Meanwhile I know three mathematicians [1, 2, 3] who deny that the
    Binary Tree can produce the paths belonging to single real numbers.

    Mathematical objecs like a binary tree don't produce.

    That is a matter of taste. It is possible to describe what happens when
    we go through a mathematical object. Then a sequence can decrease, a sum
    or series can grow and a node can produce a sheaf.

    -aThey just are.
    There are paths in a binary tree but they don't go

    In fact, they go? Fast or slow?

    In Common Language the word "go" has a different meaning when the
    subject is "path" (or something else of similar nature). ALthough
    the mathematical meaning of "path" is not the same as in Common
    Language it is similar enough that the word "go" can be understood
    even in a mathematical context. Likewise the words "from", "through",
    and "to". Of course, in an actual mathematical presentation all
    these words must be defined if used.
    anywhere other
    tnan to nodes of the tree. Unless at least some nodes are real numbers

    No. Nodes are points.

    They needn't be anything other that nodes. But they can be anyting.

    They can be defined by natural numbers.

    Nodes can even be natural numbers. That is the simplest way to relate
    nodes to natural numbers.

    Real numbers are (represented by) paths. But obviously only countably many can be distinguished by nodes.

    That is not obvious and not true. And if the nodes are defined as the
    set of nodes they go through there is no need to any distinction than
    that onother path is a different set.

    the paths don't go to any real number

    They are (representing) real numbers.

    Without a mapping from paths to real numbers a path cannot represent
    a real number. Without presenting the mapping it is not possible to
    determine whether there are real numbers that are represented by
    several paths or none.

    There remain sheaves or bunches of paths, each one containing
    uncountably many paths which are not further distinguishable in the
    infinite Binary Tree.

    Every path is distinguished from every other path by any one of the
    nodes that one of them contains and the other does not.

    -a-a/\
    /\/\
    ...

    In my opinion this forbids the complete digit sequence of any real
    number because a path in the Binary Tree is nothing else than a
    sequence of bits. On the other hand Cantor's diagonal argument
    produces a complete digit sequence (in the original version [4] a
    complete bit sequence, using the symbols W M) of a real number,
    namely the famous diagonal number.

    A bit sequence is useful for proving that the power set of a
    countable set is not countable. For uncountablility of reals there is
    the problem that bit sequences with only finitely many zeros are
    different from bit sequences with only finitely many ones but denote
    the same real numbers. This problem is avoided with base 3 or higher.

    How can this contradiction be resolved?

    The most effective way is to stick to formal proofs that are verified
    with a good simple proof checker.

    But it is obvious that the current formalism is nonsense since it
    assumes or even proves that every rational number can be finitely
    defined (disproved above) and that uncountably many paths differing by
    nodes are existing in the Binary Tree (contradiction accepted by
    yourself). So why should anybody depend on that???

    Every rational number can be represented by a pair of integer numbers
    where the send one is greater than zero. Every integer can be
    represented as a finite string of characters of a finite alphabeth.
    Therefore every rational number can be represented as a finite string.
    You may wtite whatever humbug you want but that does not change the
    facts.
    --
    Mikko
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  • From Ross Finlayson@ross.a.finlayson@gmail.com to sci.logic,sci.math on Sat May 9 11:02:14 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 05/08/2026 10:16 AM, Ross Finlayson wrote:
    On 05/08/2026 05:57 AM, Moebius wrote:
    Am 08.05.2026 um 09:58 schrieb Mikko:
    On 07/05/2026 23:48, WM wrote:

    [...] On the other hand Cantor's diagonal argument produces a
    complete digit sequence (in the original version [4] a complete bit
    sequence, using the symbols W M) of a real number, namely the famous
    diagonal number.

    Note: Cantor considered just the set of all sequences of symbols w m,
    not "real numbers" (in, say, [0, 1]).

    Indeed:

    A bit sequence is useful for proving that the power set of a
    countable set is not countable. For uncountablility of reals there is
    the problem that bit sequences with only finitely many zeros are
    different from bit sequences with only finitely many ones but denote
    the same real numbers. This problem is avoided with base 3 or higher.

    How can this contradiction be resolved?

    A good psychiatrist might be helpful.


    "Disambiguating quantifiers".

    The idea that in combinatorics that the constant "2" is fundamentally different than the constant "3", yet in asymptotics they run out on
    the same orders naively, is for aspects of what's called "Ramsey theory".

    Also there's base one and base infinity to consider, when for
    an integer is just tally-marks of increment, and a real numbers
    is just +- (integer-part) (radix) (non-integer part), that also
    the word "radix" fills at least two roles one the idea of the
    base of the exponent, the other the divider between integer and
    non-integer.

    A good psychiatrist is not necessarily a "conscientious logician"
    of the competent and thorough sort. The "help" may help, yet,
    the conscientious logician has a bit of a bigger brain to satisfy.

    So, disambiguating quantifiers is a usual account of de-craze-ifying,
    since the crazing leads to the cracking, and the failure.


    Having an account of "paradox-free" reason may help.


    Anyways that it actually matters for the infinitary reasoning
    why the binary representation of numbers and trinary/ternary
    representations of numbers have different theorems about them, for
    example where the binary anti-diagonal has only and exactly _one_ rule
    for making the anti-diagonalization and that to avoid "dual
    representation" that the usual account is to make the list in a higher
    base and say there are "anti-semi-tri-diagonals", instead of an "anti-diagonal", here is that there are accounts like the "Equivalency Function" that only makes for one rule for an anti-diagonal.


    So, that "the problem" isn't solve instead just put off.


    Then, "Ramsey theory" is a usual umbrella for independence results
    of the non-standard, yet these days it's often reduced to talking
    about graph-coloring and arithmetic progressions and Szmeredi's
    conjectures of all one kind.



    So, relating this also to accounts that when
    proof-by-contradiction is the only available template for derivation,
    that restriction-of-comprehension always makes accounts
    for that the _incomplete_ implies _independence_, that this is what
    defines "super-classical" when deductive results are necessary to
    establish the completions after the closures, then for the particular
    sorts of accounts like "Borel vs. Combinatorics" and "the referee
    of the almost-all or almost-none the must-be-middle",
    may help explain why usual accounts of "Ramsey theory" as
    blind/ignorant to "Erdos' Giant Monster of Mathematical Independence",
    as to then a "Great Atlas of Mathematical Independence",
    for where 2 < 3 in the asymptotic
    (of which "Big O, little o, and theta" are yet of only one account.

    So, the constructivism getting involved bring the repleteness into account.




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  • From WM@wolfgang.mueckenheim@tha.de to sci.logic on Sat May 9 23:20:22 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    Am 09.05.2026 um 09:59 schrieb Mikko:
    On 08/05/2026 15:46, wm wrote:
    Am 08.05.2026 um 09:58 schrieb Mikko:
    On 07/05/2026 23:48, WM wrote:

    Meanwhile I know three mathematicians [1, 2, 3] who deny that the
    Binary Tree can produce the paths belonging to single real numbers.

    Mathematical objecs like a binary tree don't produce.

    That is a matter of taste. It is possible to describe what happens
    when we go through a mathematical object. Then a sequence can
    decrease, a sum or series can grow and a node can produce a sheaf.

    -a-aThey just are.
    There are paths in a binary tree but they don't go

    In fact, they go? Fast or slow?

    In Common Language the word "go" has a different meaning when the
    subject is "path"

    Same with produce.

    They can be defined by natural numbers.

    Nodes can even be natural numbers. That is the simplest way to relate
    nodes to natural numbers.

    Yes:
    0
    1 2
    3 4 5 6

    Real numbers are (represented by) paths. But obviously only countably
    many can be distinguished by nodes.

    That is not obvious and not true.

    Even you have understood it:"Nodes further down separate further but
    only to infinite subsets." Countably many nodes can produce only
    countably many sheaves.

    the paths don't go to any real number

    They are (representing) real numbers.

    Without a mapping from paths to real numbers a path cannot represent
    a real number.

    They do. The nodes are the bits.

    But it is obvious that the current formalism is nonsense since it
    assumes or even proves that every rational number can be finitely
    defined (disproved above) and that uncountably many paths differing by
    nodes are existing in the Binary Tree (contradiction accepted by
    yourself). So why should anybody depend on that???

    Every rational number can be represented by a pair of integer numbers
    where the send one is greater than zero. Every integer can be
    represented as a finite string of characters of a finite alphabeth.
    Therefore every rational number can be represented as a finite string.
    You may wtite whatever humbug you want but that does not change the
    facts.

    The facts are that between two defined rational numbers there are
    infinitely many undefined rational numbers. That cannot be remedied.

    Regards, WM>

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Mikko@mikko.levanto@iki.fi to sci.logic on Sun May 10 10:25:56 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 10/05/2026 00:20, WM wrote:
    Am 09.05.2026 um 09:59 schrieb Mikko:
    On 08/05/2026 15:46, wm wrote:
    Am 08.05.2026 um 09:58 schrieb Mikko:
    On 07/05/2026 23:48, WM wrote:

    Meanwhile I know three mathematicians [1, 2, 3] who deny that the
    Binary Tree can produce the paths belonging to single real numbers.

    Mathematical objecs like a binary tree don't produce.

    That is a matter of taste. It is possible to describe what happens
    when we go through a mathematical object. Then a sequence can
    decrease, a sum or series can grow and a node can produce a sheaf.

    -a-aThey just are.
    There are paths in a binary tree but they don't go

    In fact, they go? Fast or slow?

    In Common Language the word "go" has a different meaning when the
    subject is "path"

    Same with produce.

    The word "produce" has various meanings in Common Language but as far
    as I know none of them is analogous to "go" as in "the way goes to the
    town".

    They can be defined by natural numbers.

    Nodes can even be natural numbers. That is the simplest way to relate
    nodes to natural numbers.

    Yes:
    -a-a 0
    -a 1 2
    3 4 5 6

    Real numbers are (represented by) paths. But obviously only countably
    many can be distinguished by nodes.

    That is not obvious and not true.

    Even you have understood it:"Nodes further down separate further but
    only to infinite subsets." Countably many nodes can produce only
    countably many sheaves.

    There is no way to map paths to nodes so that every path is mapped to
    a different node. Therefore the set of paths is uncountable.

    the paths don't go to any real number

    They are (representing) real numbers.

    Without a mapping from paths to real numbers a path cannot represent
    a real number.

    They do. The nodes are the bits.

    That can be done. Some real numbers are represented by two paths but
    that should not be a problem. The important point is that every real
    number is represented by at least one path.

    You cannot map nodes to real numbers so that no real number remains
    unmapped.

    But it is obvious that the current formalism is nonsense since it
    assumes or even proves that every rational number can be finitely
    defined (disproved above) and that uncountably many paths differing
    by nodes are existing in the Binary Tree (contradiction accepted by
    yourself). So why should anybody depend on that???

    Every rational number can be represented by a pair of integer numbers
    where the send one is greater than zero. Every integer can be
    represented as a finite string of characters of a finite alphabeth.
    Therefore every rational number can be represented as a finite string.
    You may wtite whatever humbug you want but that does not change the
    facts.

    The facts are that between two defined rational numbers there are
    infinitely many undefined rational numbers. That cannot be remedied.
    You can't prove about any rational number that it is "undefined" so your
    claim is not rooted to any truth.
    --
    Mikko
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From WM@wolfgang.mueckenheim@tha.de to sci.logic on Sun May 10 15:56:35 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    Am 10.05.2026 um 09:25 schrieb Mikko:
    On 10/05/2026 00:20, WM wrote:
    Am 09.05.2026 um 09:59 schrieb Mikko:
    On 08/05/2026 15:46, wm wrote:
    Am 08.05.2026 um 09:58 schrieb Mikko:
    On 07/05/2026 23:48, WM wrote:

    Meanwhile I know three mathematicians [1, 2, 3] who deny that the >>>>>> Binary Tree can produce the paths belonging to single real numbers. >>>>>
    Mathematical objecs like a binary tree don't produce.

    That is a matter of taste. It is possible to describe what happens
    when we go through a mathematical object. Then a sequence can
    decrease, a sum or series can grow and a node can produce a sheaf.

    -a-aThey just are.
    There are paths in a binary tree but they don't go

    In fact, they go? Fast or slow?

    In Common Language the word "go" has a different meaning when the
    subject is "path"

    Same with produce.

    The word "produce" has various meanings in Common Language but as far
    as I know none of them is analogous to "go" as in "the way goes to the town".the
    Then you should learn that the Binary Tree has nodes which produce
    sheaves although the Binary Tree is an invariable system.
    There is no way to map paths to nodes so that every path is mapped to
    a different node. Therefore the set of paths is uncountable.

    You have understood that every node produces only one sheave and that
    there are no more paths that differ by nodes. Therefore ther is a contradiction in set theory.

    The important point is that every real
    number is represented by at least one path.

    Yes. And there are only countably many paths that differ by nodes.>
    You cannot map nodes to real numbers so that no real number remains
    unmapped.

    I can. But that is irrelevant here.
    The facts are that between two defined rational numbers there are
    infinitely many undefined rational numbers. That cannot be remedied.
    You can't prove about any rational number that it is "undefined"

    Of course every rational number that can be a subject of proof is
    defined. But there are infinitely many rational numbers undefinable.

    Regards, WM

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Mikko@mikko.levanto@iki.fi to sci.logic on Mon May 11 10:51:41 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 10/05/2026 16:56, WM wrote:
    Am 10.05.2026 um 09:25 schrieb Mikko:
    On 10/05/2026 00:20, WM wrote:
    Am 09.05.2026 um 09:59 schrieb Mikko:
    On 08/05/2026 15:46, wm wrote:
    Am 08.05.2026 um 09:58 schrieb Mikko:
    On 07/05/2026 23:48, WM wrote:

    Meanwhile I know three mathematicians [1, 2, 3] who deny that the >>>>>>> Binary Tree can produce the paths belonging to single real numbers. >>>>>>
    Mathematical objecs like a binary tree don't produce.

    That is a matter of taste. It is possible to describe what happens
    when we go through a mathematical object. Then a sequence can
    decrease, a sum or series can grow and a node can produce a sheaf.

    -a-aThey just are.
    There are paths in a binary tree but they don't go

    In fact, they go? Fast or slow?

    In Common Language the word "go" has a different meaning when the
    subject is "path"

    Same with produce.

    The word "produce" has various meanings in Common Language but as far
    as I know none of them is analogous to "go" as in "the way goes to the
    town".

    Then you should learn that the Binary Tree has nodes which produce
    sheaves although the Binary Tree is an invariable system.

    It rarely is useful to learn nonsense.

    There is no way to map paths to nodes so that every path is mapped to
    a different node. Therefore the set of paths is uncountable.

    You have understood that every node produces only one sheave and that
    there are no more paths that differ by nodes.

    Whether there are more paths than sheaves is a question that we have
    not even tried to answer.

    Therefore ther is a contradiction in set theory.

    Perhaps in your set theory but not in Cantor's or ZF.
    The important point is that every real
    number is represented by at least one path.

    Yes. And there are only countably many paths that differ by nodes.

    So you say but you can't prove that there is a mapping from paths
    to nodes that does not map any path to a node that another path
    is mapped to. Without such mapping paths are not countable.

    You cannot map nodes to real numbers so that no real number remains
    unmapped.

    I can. But that is irrelevant here.

    All your claims in this discussions are relevant. Otherwise you would
    not have presented them.

    The facts are that between two defined rational numbers there are
    infinitely many undefined rational numbers. That cannot be remedied.
    You can't prove about any rational number that it is "undefined"

    Of course every rational number that can be a subject of proof is
    defined. But there are infinitely many rational numbers undefinable.
    If you cannot prove about at least one of them that it is there
    then your claim has no connection to any truth.
    --
    Mikko
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From WM@wolfgang.mueckenheim@tha.de to sci.logic on Mon May 11 13:42:05 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    Am 11.05.2026 um 09:51 schrieb Mikko:
    On 10/05/2026 16:56, WM wrote:

    Then you should learn that the Binary Tree has nodes which produce
    sheaves although the Binary Tree is an invariable system.

    It rarely is useful to learn nonsense.

    Your head is filled with nonsense, for instance the idea that every
    rational could be named.>
    There is no way to map paths to nodes so that every path is mapped to
    a different node. Therefore the set of paths is uncountable.

    You have understood that every node produces only one sheave and that
    there are no more paths that differ by nodes.

    Whether there are more paths than sheaves is a question that we have
    not even tried to answer.

    It is sufficient to know that the set of sheaves is countable. It is an
    idle question whether there are more paths because they could not be distinguished by nodes/bits.>
    Therefore ther is a contradiction in set theory.

    Perhaps in your set theory but not in Cantor's or ZF.

    Cantor "proved" uncountably many reals/paths that can be distinguished
    by bits/nodes.

    The important point is that every real
    number is represented by at least one path.

    Yes. And there are only countably many paths that differ by nodes.

    So you say but you can't prove that there is a mapping from paths
    to nodes that does not map any path to a node that another path
    is mapped to. Without such mapping paths are not countable.

    Without such mapping nodes are countable, and distinguishable paths are
    as many as nodes.>
    You cannot map nodes to real numbers so that no real number remains
    unmapped.

    I can. But that is irrelevant here.

    All your claims in this discussions are relevant. Otherwise you would
    not have presented them.

    I map every node on a paths containing it. Then every path is mapped by
    a node. When the nodes are used up, there are no further paths possible, because they consist of nodes. And there is no path which consists only
    of nodes of other paths.>
    The facts are that between two defined rational numbers there are
    infinitely many undefined rational numbers. That cannot be remedied.
    You can't prove about any rational number that it is "undefined"

    Of course every rational number that can be a subject of proof is
    defined. But there are infinitely many rational numbers undefinable.
    If you cannot prove about at least one of them that it is there
    then your claim has no connection to any truth.

    Dark numbers cannot be defined as individuals. But infinitely many exist between any pair of rationals. No one will ever find the next one to a
    given rational. But if all exist invariably, i.e., if actual infinity
    exists, then a naxt one exists.


    Regards, WM
    Regards, WM



    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Mikko@mikko.levanto@iki.fi to sci.logic on Tue May 12 10:50:29 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 11/05/2026 14:42, WM wrote:
    Am 11.05.2026 um 09:51 schrieb Mikko:
    On 10/05/2026 16:56, WM wrote:

    Then you should learn that the Binary Tree has nodes which produce
    sheaves although the Binary Tree is an invariable system.

    It rarely is useful to learn nonsense.

    Your head is filled with nonsense, for instance the idea that every
    rational could be named.

    That is not a nonsense. In constructive mathematics everything is named
    with a finite expression, so there can't be any unnamed rational number.
    In axiomatic mathematics the usual axioms are insufficient for any proof
    of the existece or non-existence unnameable numbers. However, from the
    usual axioms follow that unnameable rationals exist if and only if
    unnameable natural numbers exist.

    There is no way to map paths to nodes so that every path is mapped to
    a different node. Therefore the set of paths is uncountable.

    You have understood that every node produces only one sheave and that
    there are no more paths that differ by nodes.

    Whether there are more paths than sheaves is a question that we have
    not even tried to answer.

    It is sufficient to know that the set of sheaves is countable. It is an
    idle question whether there are more paths because they could not be distinguished by nodes/bits.

    Whether there are more paths than sheaves is uniteresting because the
    sheaves are uninteresting. The interesting queston is whether there is
    a mapping from nodes to paths that covers every path. If not the set
    of paths is uncountable.
    Therefore ther is a contradiction in set theory.

    Perhaps in your set theory but not in Cantor's or ZF.

    Cantor "proved" uncountably many reals/paths that can be distinguished
    by bits/nodes.

    Cantor proved what he proved. You can't show any error in the proofs.
    Others have proved the same with more formal proofs.
    The important point is that every real
    number is represented by at least one path.

    Yes. And there are only countably many paths that differ by nodes.

    So you say but you can't prove that there is a mapping from paths
    to nodes that does not map any path to a node that another path
    is mapped to. Without such mapping paths are not countable.

    Without such mapping nodes are countable, and distinguishable paths are
    as many as nodes.

    That does not follow. The mapping can be non-existent even when the
    set of nodes is uncountable. All uncountable sets are not equinumerous.

    You cannot map nodes to real numbers so that no real number remains
    unmapped.

    I can. But that is irrelevant here.

    All your claims in this discussions are relevant. Otherwise you would
    not have presented them.

    I map every node on a paths containing it.

    Syntax error: should be "a path" or "paths" without "a".

    If your mapping does not map every node to exactly one path you don't
    get a bijection needed for countability.
    --
    Mikko
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From wm@wolfgang.mueckenheim@tha.de to sci.logic on Tue May 12 13:36:11 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    Am 12.05.2026 um 09:50 schrieb Mikko:
    On 11/05/2026 14:42, WM wrote:

    In axiomatic mathematics the usual axioms are insufficient for any proof
    of the existece or non-existence unnameable numbers. However, from the
    usual axioms follow that unnameable rationals exist if and only if
    unnameable natural numbers exist.

    Of course. Almost all natural numbers are dark, if there are actually infinitely many, because you can name only finitely many. Infinitely
    many remain forever unnamed.>
    There is no way to map paths to nodes so that every path is mapped to >>>>> a different node. Therefore the set of paths is uncountable.

    You have understood that every node produces only one sheave and
    that there are no more paths that differ by nodes.

    Whether there are more paths than sheaves is a question that we have
    not even tried to answer.

    It is sufficient to know that the set of sheaves is countable. It is
    an idle question whether there are more paths because they could not
    be distinguished by nodes/bits.

    Whether there are more paths than sheaves is uniteresting because the
    sheaves are uninteresting.

    Sheaves are what differes by nodes. Since every node produces one sheaf,
    they are countable.

    The interesting queston is whether there is
    a mapping from nodes to paths that covers every path. If not the set
    of paths is uncountable.

    There is a mapping. Map every node to a path that contains it. No path
    can be covered completely by other paths. Hence every path gets at least
    one node.

    Therefore ther is a contradiction in set theory.

    Perhaps in your set theory but not in Cantor's or ZF.

    Cantor "proved" uncountably many reals/paths that can be distinguished
    by bits/nodes.

    Cantor proved what he proved. You can't show any error in the proofs.

    But I can show an inconsistency. Cantor's error is that he assumed all
    digits of his diagponal number were definable.

    Others have proved the same with more formal proofs.

    That proves that the formalism is inconsistent.

    The important point is that every real
    number is represented by at least one path.

    Yes. And there are only countably many paths that differ by nodes.

    So you say but you can't prove that there is a mapping from paths
    to nodes that does not map any path to a node that another path
    is mapped to. Without such mapping paths are not countable.

    Without such mapping nodes are countable, and distinguishable paths
    are as many as nodes.

    That does not follow.

    That follows, because every node produces only one new sheaf or path.

    I map every node on a paths containing it.

    Syntax error: should be "a path" or "paths" without "a".

    If your mapping does not map every node to exactly one path you don't
    get a bijection needed for countability.

    I get a surjection. There is no path without a node of its own. This
    node is mapped to the path.

    Regards, WM>

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Mikko@mikko.levanto@iki.fi to sci.logic on Wed May 13 12:39:23 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 12/05/2026 14:36, wm wrote:
    Am 12.05.2026 um 09:50 schrieb Mikko:
    On 11/05/2026 14:42, WM wrote:

    In axiomatic mathematics the usual axioms are insufficient for any proof
    of the existece or non-existence unnameable numbers. However, from the
    usual axioms follow that unnameable rationals exist if and only if
    unnameable natural numbers exist.

    Of course. Almost all natural numbers are dark, if there are actually infinitely many, because you can name only finitely many. Infinitely
    many remain forever unnamed.

    If only finitely many natural numbers can be named then there is the
    smallest natural number that cannot be named. That natural number is
    not zero for zero can be named. Instead it must be the successor of
    some natural number that can be named. What is that natural number
    that can be named but does not have a successor that can be named?
    --
    Mikko
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From wm@wolfgang.mueckenheim@tha.de to sci.logic on Wed May 13 22:39:44 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    Am 13.05.2026 um 11:39 schrieb Mikko:
    On 12/05/2026 14:36, wm wrote:
    Am 12.05.2026 um 09:50 schrieb Mikko:
    On 11/05/2026 14:42, WM wrote:

    In axiomatic mathematics the usual axioms are insufficient for any proof >>> of the existece or non-existence unnameable numbers. However, from the
    usual axioms follow that unnameable rationals exist if and only if
    unnameable natural numbers exist.

    Of course. Almost all natural numbers are dark, if there are actually
    infinitely many, because you can name only finitely many. Infinitely
    many remain forever unnamed.

    If only finitely many natural numbers can be named then there is the
    smallest natural number that cannot be named.

    This is a widespread common error. The collection of named numbers is potentially infinite, that is: not fixed, without upper limit but always finite.

    Regards, WM
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Mikko@mikko.levanto@iki.fi to sci.logic on Thu May 14 11:46:52 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 13/05/2026 23:39, wm wrote:
    Am 13.05.2026 um 11:39 schrieb Mikko:
    On 12/05/2026 14:36, wm wrote:
    Am 12.05.2026 um 09:50 schrieb Mikko:
    On 11/05/2026 14:42, WM wrote:

    In axiomatic mathematics the usual axioms are insufficient for any
    proof
    of the existece or non-existence unnameable numbers. However, from the >>>> usual axioms follow that unnameable rationals exist if and only if
    unnameable natural numbers exist.

    Of course. Almost all natural numbers are dark, if there are actually
    infinitely many, because you can name only finitely many. Infinitely
    many remain forever unnamed.

    If only finitely many natural numbers can be named then there is the
    smallest natural number that cannot be named.

    This is a widespread common error. The collection of named numbers is potentially infinite, that is: not fixed, without upper limit but always finite.
    Then the term "named" should not be used in any mathematical context but
    only the term "nameable" meaning whatever can be named.
    --
    Mikko
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From WM@wolfgang.mueckenheim@tha.de to sci.logic on Thu May 14 16:52:12 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    Am 14.05.2026 um 10:46 schrieb Mikko:
    On 13/05/2026 23:39, wm wrote:
    Am 13.05.2026 um 11:39 schrieb Mikko:
    On 12/05/2026 14:36, wm wrote:
    Am 12.05.2026 um 09:50 schrieb Mikko:
    On 11/05/2026 14:42, WM wrote:

    In axiomatic mathematics the usual axioms are insufficient for any
    proof
    of the existece or non-existence unnameable numbers. However, from the >>>>> usual axioms follow that unnameable rationals exist if and only if
    unnameable natural numbers exist.

    Of course. Almost all natural numbers are dark, if there are
    actually infinitely many, because you can name only finitely many.
    Infinitely many remain forever unnamed.

    If only finitely many natural numbers can be named then there is the
    smallest natural number that cannot be named.

    This is a widespread common error. The collection of named numbers is
    potentially infinite, that is: not fixed, without upper limit but
    always finite.
    Then the term "named" should not be used in any mathematical context but
    only the term "nameable" meaning whatever can be named.

    Even "nameable" would not include all natural numbers.

    Regards, WM
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Mikko@mikko.levanto@iki.fi to sci.logic on Fri May 15 08:50:45 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 14/05/2026 17:52, WM wrote:
    Am 14.05.2026 um 10:46 schrieb Mikko:
    On 13/05/2026 23:39, wm wrote:
    Am 13.05.2026 um 11:39 schrieb Mikko:
    On 12/05/2026 14:36, wm wrote:
    Am 12.05.2026 um 09:50 schrieb Mikko:
    On 11/05/2026 14:42, WM wrote:

    In axiomatic mathematics the usual axioms are insufficient for any >>>>>> proof
    of the existece or non-existence unnameable numbers. However, from >>>>>> the
    usual axioms follow that unnameable rationals exist if and only if >>>>>> unnameable natural numbers exist.

    Of course. Almost all natural numbers are dark, if there are
    actually infinitely many, because you can name only finitely many.
    Infinitely many remain forever unnamed.

    If only finitely many natural numbers can be named then there is the
    smallest natural number that cannot be named.

    This is a widespread common error. The collection of named numbers is
    potentially infinite, that is: not fixed, without upper limit but
    always finite.
    Then the term "named" should not be used in any mathematical context but
    only the term "nameable" meaning whatever can be named.

    Even "nameable" would not include all natural numbers.
    No, but if there is a set of nameable numbers then all natural numbers
    are in it per the induction axiom.
    --
    Mikko
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From WM@wolfgang.mueckenheim@tha.de to sci.logic on Fri May 15 18:39:14 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    Am 15.05.2026 um 07:50 schrieb Mikko:
    On 14/05/2026 17:52, WM wrote:
    Am 14.05.2026 um 10:46 schrieb Mikko:
    On 13/05/2026 23:39, wm wrote:
    Am 13.05.2026 um 11:39 schrieb Mikko:
    On 12/05/2026 14:36, wm wrote:
    Am 12.05.2026 um 09:50 schrieb Mikko:
    On 11/05/2026 14:42, WM wrote:

    In axiomatic mathematics the usual axioms are insufficient for
    any proof
    of the existece or non-existence unnameable numbers. However,
    from the
    usual axioms follow that unnameable rationals exist if and only if >>>>>>> unnameable natural numbers exist.

    Of course. Almost all natural numbers are dark, if there are
    actually infinitely many, because you can name only finitely many. >>>>>> Infinitely many remain forever unnamed.

    If only finitely many natural numbers can be named then there is the >>>>> smallest natural number that cannot be named.

    This is a widespread common error. The collection of named numbers
    is potentially infinite, that is: not fixed, without upper limit but
    always finite.
    Then the term "named" should not be used in any mathematical context but >>> only the term "nameable" meaning whatever can be named.

    Even "nameable" would not include all natural numbers.
    No, but if there is a set of nameable numbers then all natural numbers
    are in it per the induction axiom.

    But there is no set of nameable numbers. This collection is subject to induction and as such potentially infinite. Note that by induction you
    cannot create the set rao. Always almost all natural numbers are greater
    than any n resulting from induction.

    Regards, WM>

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Mikko@mikko.levanto@iki.fi to sci.logic on Sat May 16 12:43:28 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 15/05/2026 19:39, WM wrote:
    Am 15.05.2026 um 07:50 schrieb Mikko:
    On 14/05/2026 17:52, WM wrote:
    Am 14.05.2026 um 10:46 schrieb Mikko:
    On 13/05/2026 23:39, wm wrote:
    Am 13.05.2026 um 11:39 schrieb Mikko:
    On 12/05/2026 14:36, wm wrote:
    Am 12.05.2026 um 09:50 schrieb Mikko:
    On 11/05/2026 14:42, WM wrote:

    In axiomatic mathematics the usual axioms are insufficient for >>>>>>>> any proof
    of the existece or non-existence unnameable numbers. However, >>>>>>>> from the
    usual axioms follow that unnameable rationals exist if and only if >>>>>>>> unnameable natural numbers exist.

    Of course. Almost all natural numbers are dark, if there are
    actually infinitely many, because you can name only finitely
    many. Infinitely many remain forever unnamed.

    If only finitely many natural numbers can be named then there is the >>>>>> smallest natural number that cannot be named.

    This is a widespread common error. The collection of named numbers
    is potentially infinite, that is: not fixed, without upper limit
    but always finite.
    Then the term "named" should not be used in any mathematical context
    but
    only the term "nameable" meaning whatever can be named.

    Even "nameable" would not include all natural numbers.
    No, but if there is a set of nameable numbers then all natural numbers
    are in it per the induction axiom.

    But there is no set of nameable numbers.

    You can't prove that.

    This collection is subject to
    induction and as such potentially infinite. Note that by induction you cannot create the set rao.

    In a set theory, for example ZF, one can identify a set that satisfies
    all axioms of the first order Peano arighmetic.

    Always almost all natural numbers are greater > than any n resulting
    from induction.

    That's right: for every n there is only finitely many natural numbers
    that are smaller than n but infinitely many natural numbers that are
    greater than n.
    --
    Mikko

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  • From wm@wolfgang.mueckenheim@tha.de to sci.logic on Sun May 17 16:15:51 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    Am 16.05.2026 um 11:43 schrieb Mikko:
    On 15/05/2026 19:39, WM wrote:

    But there is no set of nameable numbers.

    You can't prove that.

    Here ix the proof:
    Always almost all natural numbers are greater than any n resulting
    from induction.

    That's right: for every n there is only finitely many natural numbers
    that are smaller than n but infinitely many natural numbers that are
    greater than n.

    And the nameable n are not fixed. The collection is potentially infinite
    - not a set.

    Regards, WM

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  • From Mikko@mikko.levanto@iki.fi to sci.logic on Mon May 18 10:42:43 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    On 17/05/2026 17:15, wm wrote:
    Am 16.05.2026 um 11:43 schrieb Mikko:
    On 15/05/2026 19:39, WM wrote:

    But there is no set of nameable numbers.

    You can't prove that.

    Here ix the proof:
    Always almost all natural numbers are greater than any n resulting
    from induction.

    That's right: for every n there is only finitely many natural numbers
    that are smaller than n but infinitely many natural numbers that are
    greater than n.

    And the nameable n are not fixed. The collection is potentially infinite
    - not a set.
    In mathematics there is no distinction between potential and acutal. The distinction only arises when mathiematics is applied to situations where
    the actual is different from the potential.

    Anyway, in the usual set theories there are infinite sets. For example,
    in ZF the axiom of infinity ensures the existence of an infinite set.
    --
    Mikko
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  • From wm@wolfgang.mueckenheim@tha.de to sci.logic on Mon May 18 12:22:39 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.logic

    Am 18.05.2026 um 09:42 schrieb Mikko:
    On 17/05/2026 17:15, wm wrote:
    Am 16.05.2026 um 11:43 schrieb Mikko:
    On 15/05/2026 19:39, WM wrote:

    But there is no set of nameable numbers.

    You can't prove that.

    Here ix the proof:
    Always almost all natural numbers are greater than any n resulting
    from induction.

    That's right: for every n there is only finitely many natural numbers
    that are smaller than n but infinitely many natural numbers that are
    greater than n.

    And the nameable n are not fixed. The collection is potentially
    infinite - not a set.
    In mathematics there is no distinction between potential and acutal.

    Therefore your mathematics is wrong.

    Anyway, in the usual set theories there are infinite sets.

    Sets are invariable. Therefore in set theory there is actual infinity. Potential infinity is variable.

    For example,
    in ZF the axiom of infinity ensures the existence of an infinite set.

    Alas most elements cannot be treated as individuals.

    Regards, WM

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