• LED VU Circuit

    From UFO@techforce@nospam.gmx.com to sci.electronics.design on Tue Jun 30 15:40:43 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the higher that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Would that input signal have to be DC? Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?


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  • From john larkin@jl@glen--canyon.com to sci.electronics.design on Tue Jun 30 13:17:50 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    On Tue, 30 Jun 2026 15:40:43 -0400, "UFO" <techforce@nospam.gmx.com>
    wrote:

    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the higher >that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Would that input signal have to be DC? Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?


    The IC power connections aren't shown, but I assume the low sides are
    grounded. And LM339's do not like negative inputs.

    Maybe the audio was processed into DC elsewhere.


    John Larkin
    Highland Tech Glen Canyon Design Center
    Lunatic Fringe Electronics
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  • From ehsjr@ehsjr@verizon.net to sci.electronics.design on Tue Jun 30 16:19:30 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    On 6/30/2026 3:40 PM, UFO wrote:
    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the higher that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Essentially yes.

    The 339 is a comparator. You could think of it as a digital
    switch - either on or off - depending on the comparison between
    two levels. All of the even numbered pins on the input side in
    your schematic have a reference voltage established by the
    resistor chain. When the input signal on the odd numbered pins
    varies above and below the reference voltage, the op amp comparator
    turns on or off.


    Would that input signal have to be DC?

    No.
    Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?



    It can.

    Ed

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  • From ehsjr@ehsjr@verizon.net to sci.electronics.design on Tue Jun 30 16:21:31 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    On 6/30/2026 4:17 PM, john larkin wrote:
    On Tue, 30 Jun 2026 15:40:43 -0400, "UFO" <techforce@nospam.gmx.com>
    wrote:

    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the higher >> that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Would that input signal have to be DC? Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?


    The IC power connections aren't shown, but I assume the low sides are grounded. And LM339's do not like negative inputs.

    Maybe the audio was processed into DC elsewhere.


    Or the supply is +15 and -15 .

    Ed


    John Larkin
    Highland Tech Glen Canyon Design Center
    Lunatic Fringe Electronics

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  • From John R Walliker@jrwalliker@gmail.com to sci.electronics.design on Tue Jun 30 21:29:42 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    On 30/06/2026 21:17, john larkin wrote:
    On Tue, 30 Jun 2026 15:40:43 -0400, "UFO" <techforce@nospam.gmx.com>
    wrote:

    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the higher >> that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Would that input signal have to be DC? Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?


    The IC power connections aren't shown, but I assume the low sides are grounded. And LM339's do not like negative inputs.

    Also, the circuit relies on the fact that these are open collector
    comparators. Unlike many op-amps they tolerate a large differential
    voltage input without the inputs conducting. The output is either
    open circuit or pulled down to ground to extinguish all the leds
    below that point.
    ground.
    John


    Maybe the audio was processed into DC elsewhere.


    John Larkin
    Highland Tech Glen Canyon Design Center
    Lunatic Fringe Electronics

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  • From John R Walliker@jrwalliker@gmail.com to sci.electronics.design on Tue Jun 30 21:37:52 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    On 30/06/2026 21:19, ehsjr wrote:
    On 6/30/2026 3:40 PM, UFO wrote:
    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the
    higher
    that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Essentially yes.

    The 339 is a comparator. You could think of it as a digital
    switch - either on or off - depending on the comparison between
    two levels. All of the even numbered pins on the input side in
    your schematic have a reference voltage established by the
    resistor chain. When the input signal on the odd numbered pins
    varies above and below the reference voltage, the op amp comparator
    turns on or off.


    Would that input signal have to be DC?

    No.
    Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?



    It can.

    Ed

    There is a problem with that. The comparators could have a
    -15V negative supply as they tolerate up to 36V in total.
    However, if that were done, the leds could be reverse biased
    by up to 15V which would be likely to destroy them.
    So I think there is a rectifier and filter circuit first,
    especially as the VU standard requires a relatively
    slow time constant.
    John

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  • From ehsjr@ehsjr@verizon.net to sci.electronics.design on Tue Jun 30 16:58:24 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    On 6/30/2026 4:37 PM, John R Walliker wrote:
    On 30/06/2026 21:19, ehsjr wrote:
    On 6/30/2026 3:40 PM, UFO wrote:
    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the
    higher
    that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Essentially yes.

    The 339 is a comparator. You could think of it as a digital
    switch - either on or off - depending on the comparison between
    two levels. All of the even numbered pins on the input side in
    your schematic have a reference voltage established by the
    resistor chain. When the input signal on the odd numbered pins
    varies above and below the reference voltage, the op amp comparator
    turns on or off.


    Would that input signal have to be DC?

    No.
    Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?



    It can.

    Ed

    There is a problem with that.-a The comparators could have a
    -15V negative supply as they tolerate up to 36V in total.
    However, if that were done, the leds could be reverse biased
    by up to 15V which would be likely to destroy them.
    So I think there is a rectifier and filter circuit first,
    especially as the VU standard requires a relatively
    slow time constant.
    John


    Good point!
    Ed
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  • From john larkin@jl@glen--canyon.com to sci.electronics.design on Tue Jun 30 15:33:43 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    On Tue, 30 Jun 2026 16:21:31 -0400, ehsjr <ehsjr@verizon.net> wrote:

    On 6/30/2026 4:17 PM, john larkin wrote:
    On Tue, 30 Jun 2026 15:40:43 -0400, "UFO" <techforce@nospam.gmx.com>
    wrote:

    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the higher >>> that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Would that input signal have to be DC? Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?


    The IC power connections aren't shown, but I assume the low sides are
    grounded. And LM339's do not like negative inputs.

    Maybe the audio was processed into DC elsewhere.


    Or the supply is +15 and -15 .


    That would put -15 across the last LED. Some LEDs will zener below
    that.



    Ed


    John Larkin
    Highland Tech Glen Canyon Design Center
    Lunatic Fringe Electronics

    John Larkin
    Highland Tech Glen Canyon Design Center
    Lunatic Fringe Electronics
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  • From john larkin@jl@glen--canyon.com to sci.electronics.design on Tue Jun 30 15:35:43 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    On Tue, 30 Jun 2026 21:29:42 +0100, John R Walliker
    <jrwalliker@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 30/06/2026 21:17, john larkin wrote:
    On Tue, 30 Jun 2026 15:40:43 -0400, "UFO" <techforce@nospam.gmx.com>
    wrote:

    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the higher >>> that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Would that input signal have to be DC? Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?


    The IC power connections aren't shown, but I assume the low sides are
    grounded. And LM339's do not like negative inputs.

    Also, the circuit relies on the fact that these are open collector >comparators. Unlike many op-amps they tolerate a large differential
    voltage input without the inputs conducting. The output is either
    open circuit or pulled down to ground to extinguish all the leds
    below that point.
    ground.

    But they don't tolerate inputs below their power ground, which audio
    would be.



    John Larkin
    Highland Tech Glen Canyon Design Center
    Lunatic Fringe Electronics
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  • From Jan Panteltje@alien@comet.invalid to sci.electronics.design on Wed Jul 1 05:27:23 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    "UFO" <techforce@nospam.gmx.com>wrote:
    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the higher >that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Would that input signal have to be DC? Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?


    Much simpler to use a Microchip PIC 18F14K22 (for example),
    and its analog input (ADC)
    and its outputs driving LEDs via resitors.
    Singe chip solution.
    And more external control options possible.

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  • From john larkin@jl@glen--canyon.com to sci.electronics.design on Wed Jul 1 10:40:29 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    On Wed, 01 Jul 2026 05:27:23 GMT, Jan Panteltje <alien@comet.invalid>
    wrote:

    "UFO" <techforce@nospam.gmx.com>wrote:
    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the higher >>that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Would that input signal have to be DC? Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?


    Much simpler to use a Microchip PIC 18F14K22 (for example),
    and its analog input (ADC)
    and its outputs driving LEDs via resitors.
    Singe chip solution.
    And more external control options possible.

    Would you digitize the raw audio? You'd have to offset and clip into a
    unipolar uP ADC. That pic only has a 10-bit ADC.

    And then there's the code.


    John Larkin
    Highland Tech Glen Canyon Design Center
    Lunatic Fringe Electronics
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  • From UFO@techforce@nospam.gmx.com to sci.electronics.design on Wed Jul 1 13:58:26 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design


    I traced back the input signal seems to be this area

    https://ibb.co/HpbN7pDm

    R196 seems to be taking raw audio and feeding it into the op amp.

    D71 is the output to the other circuit I posted.

    The NP cap is prone to fail, not sure if that is critical?
    I replaced it, but maybe need to recheck it.


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  • From john larkin@jl@glen--canyon.com to sci.electronics.design on Wed Jul 1 11:13:29 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    On Wed, 1 Jul 2026 13:58:26 -0400, "UFO" <techforce@nospam.gmx.com>
    wrote:


    I traced back the input signal seems to be this area

    https://ibb.co/HpbN7pDm

    R196 seems to be taking raw audio and feeding it into the op amp.

    D71 is the output to the other circuit I posted.

    The NP cap is prone to fail, not sure if that is critical?
    I replaced it, but maybe need to recheck it.


    Neither circuit shows power supplies.

    The 4.7 farad cap might be expensive.


    John Larkin
    Highland Tech Glen Canyon Design Center
    Lunatic Fringe Electronics
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  • From UFO@techforce@nospam.gmx.com to sci.electronics.design on Wed Jul 1 14:49:01 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    Pin8 is +15
    Pin4 is -15

    Its a 4.7uF non polarized


    Neither circuit shows power supplies.

    The 4.7 farad cap might be expensive.


    John Larkin
    Highland Tech Glen Canyon Design Center
    Lunatic Fringe Electronics
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  • From Martin Brown@'''newspam'''@nonad.co.uk to sci.electronics.design on Wed Jul 1 21:13:36 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    On 01/07/2026 06:27, Jan Panteltje wrote:
    "UFO" <techforce@nospam.gmx.com>wrote:
    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the higher >> that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Would that input signal have to be DC? Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?

    Much simpler to use a Microchip PIC 18F14K22 (for example),
    and its analog input (ADC)
    and its outputs driving LEDs via resitors.
    Singe chip solution.
    And more external control options possible.

    The venerable LM3915 is probably a cheaper and better single chip
    solution. You can still get kits using it even today.

    https://quasarelectronics.co.uk/Item/3089-stereo-vu-meter-2-x-10-led-kit
    --
    Martin Brown

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  • From john larkin@jl@glen--canyon.com to sci.electronics.design on Wed Jul 1 17:13:55 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    On Wed, 1 Jul 2026 14:49:01 -0400, "UFO" <techforce@nospam.gmx.com>
    wrote:

    Pin8 is +15
    Pin4 is -15

    Its a 4.7uF non polarized


    Neither circuit shows power supplies.

    The 4.7 farad cap might be expensive.


    John Larkin
    Highland Tech Glen Canyon Design Center
    Lunatic Fringe Electronics

    Very strange circuit.


    John Larkin
    Highland Tech Glen Canyon Design Center
    Lunatic Fringe Electronics
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  • From Jan Panteltje@alien@comet.invalid to sci.electronics.design on Thu Jul 2 05:25:44 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    Martin Brown <'''newspam'''@nonad.co.uk>wrote:
    On 01/07/2026 06:27, Jan Panteltje wrote:
    "UFO" <techforce@nospam.gmx.com>wrote:
    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the higher >>> that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Would that input signal have to be DC? Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?

    Much simpler to use a Microchip PIC 18F14K22 (for example),
    and its analog input (ADC)
    and its outputs driving LEDs via resitors.
    Singe chip solution.
    And more external control options possible.

    The venerable LM3915 is probably a cheaper and better single chip
    solution. You can still get kits using it even today.

    https://quasarelectronics.co.uk/Item/3089-stereo-vu-meter-2-x-10-led-kit

    Yes, good old VU meters..
    https://www.alldatasheet.com/datasheet-pdf/download/8899/NSC/LM3915.html


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  • From Jan Panteltje@alien@comet.invalid to sci.electronics.design on Thu Jul 2 05:48:41 2026
    From Newsgroup: sci.electronics.design

    john larkin <jl@glen--canyon.com>wrote:
    On Wed, 01 Jul 2026 05:27:23 GMT, Jan Panteltje <alien@comet.invalid>
    wrote:

    "UFO" <techforce@nospam.gmx.com>wrote:
    Curious how this design with op amps functions?

    https://ibb.co/S4ryQJcF

    Apparently the voltage divider network resistors are precision values,
    so I suppose the op amps are comparing the incoming signal with the
    input side of the op amp tied down to certain voltage levels and the higher >>>that signal is, it just turns on the op amp?

    Would that input signal have to be DC? Its for an audio processor
    so it cant merely be the audio signal?


    Much simpler to use a Microchip PIC 18F14K22 (for example),
    and its analog input (ADC)
    and its outputs driving LEDs via resitors.
    Singe chip solution.
    And more external control options possible.

    Would you digitize the raw audio?

    Sure
    https://panteltje.nl/panteltje/pic/audio_pic/


    You'd have to offset and clip into a
    unipolar uP ADC. That pic only has a 10-bit ADC.

    Look for peak value, do a compare for each level you want a LED to go on
    Make it log if you want.
    You can also use the PIC's hardware comparator and drive the reference with
    a PWM generated DC bias, that PIC has a PWM generator.. fast!
    And replace the LEDs with a simple OLED. many ways to solve all this

    Add a few fast diodes and go Giggle Hertz
    https://panteltje.nl/pub/Giggle_Hertz_SWR_meter_IMG_6763.JPG

    And then there's the code.

    Good point, it is absolutely essential for somebody going into electronics
    to at least have programmed some stuff in ASM.

    Talking to chips requires I2C knowledge and knowledge about other interface protocols too.
    Good question for in a job application interview :-)

    But simplest is what Martin suggested:
    LM3915.pdf
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