• A cousin of Longisquama

    From erik simpson@eastside.erik@gmail.com to sci.bio.paleontology on Thu Jul 24 08:38:56 2025
    From Newsgroup: sci.bio.paleontology

    One of Feduccia's forlorn candidates for bird ancestry has been joined
    by a cousin.

    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09167-9

    Triassic diapsid shows early diversification of skin appendages in reptiles

    Abstract
    Complex integumentary appendages such as avian feathers and mammalian
    hair play a principal role in tetrapod evolution, with critical
    functions in insulation, sensation, display and flight. Although
    feathers and hair originated in the stem-lineages of birds and mammals, respectively1,2, their underlying gene regulatory network has much
    deeper amniote roots3. The early evolution of amniote integumentary appendages, however, remains poorly understood because of the absence of fossil evidence. Here we present Mirasaura grauvogeli, a small-sized
    diapsid from the Middle Triassic epoch (about 247rCemillion years ago)
    with a distinctive crest formed by elongate integumentary appendages
    extending serially along its back, similar to those of the poorly
    understood Triassic reptile Longisquama4,5,6,7. Despite its
    superficially bird-like skull, Mirasaura is not closely related to avemetatarsalians but instead belongs to the exclusively Triassic
    reptilian clade Drepanosauromorpha8. Melanosomes preserved in its integumentary appendages are consistent in geometry with melanosomes of feathers but not those of reptilian skin or mammalian hair.
    Nevertheless, the morphology of the integumentary appendages and
    phylogenetic placement of Mirasaura indicate that they are not
    structurally homologous to feathers or other integumentary appendages in living amniotes. Our findings show that complex integumentary appendages
    are not restricted to avemetatarsalians and mammaliaforms among amniotes
    and evolved in a lineage basal to all extant reptiles, challenging our understanding of the evolution of the reptilian integument.

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