From Newsgroup: sci.bio.paleontology

https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-025-08483-0

Palaeocampa anthrax, an armored freshwater lobopodian with chemical
defenses from the Carboniferous

Abstract

Lobopodians are an evolutionary grade of panarthropods characterized by
their vermiform bodies and paired, unjointed lobopodous legs. A
paraphyletic group, their study is of particular significance in
understanding the evolution of extant panarthropods. Found exclusively
in marine deposits from the Paleozoic, the great majority of species
come from Cambrian Konservat-Lagerst|ntten, with only a few
representatives known from the Ordovician, Silurian, and Carboniferous.
Here we redescribe Palaeocampa anthrax from the Carboniferous Mazon
Creek (USA) and Montceau-les-Mines (France) Lagerst|ntten as a
lobopodian. First published in 1865, nearly fifty years before the
discovery of the Burgess Shale, Palaeocampa is historically the first discovered lobopod, and its presence at the slightly younger Montceau-les-Mines (Gzhelian), makes this the youngest known fossil rCyxenusiidrCO lobopodian species. We present the case that Palaeocampa most likely inhabited a freshwater environment, contesting the view that
Paleozoic lobopodians were exclusively marine. Palaeocampa bears biomineralized dorso-lateral and lateral sclerite sets with a unique architecture unseen in other lobopodian sclerites, which may have been
capable of secreting defensive chemicals at their tips. Palaeocampa
anthrax represents a major evolutionary step in lobopodians, both in environmental adaptations and in defensive abilities.

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From Newsgroup: sci.bio.paleontology

On 7/26/25 9:17 AM, erik simpson wrote:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-025-08483-0

Palaeocampa anthrax, an armored freshwater lobopodian with chemical
defenses from the Carboniferous

Abstract

Lobopodians are an evolutionary grade of panarthropods characterized by their vermiform bodies and paired, unjointed lobopodous legs. A
paraphyletic group, their study is of particular significance in understanding the evolution of extant panarthropods. Found exclusively
in marine deposits from the Paleozoic, the great majority of species
come from Cambrian Konservat-Lagerst|ntten, with only a few
representatives known from the Ordovician, Silurian, and Carboniferous.
Here we redescribe Palaeocampa anthrax from the Carboniferous Mazon
Creek (USA) and Montceau-les-Mines (France) Lagerst|ntten as a
lobopodian. First published in 1865, nearly fifty years before the
discovery of the Burgess Shale, Palaeocampa is historically the first discovered lobopod, and its presence at the slightly younger Montceau-les-Mines (Gzhelian), makes this the youngest known fossil rCyxenusiidrCO lobopodian species. We present the case that Palaeocampa most likely inhabited a freshwater environment, contesting the view that Paleozoic lobopodians were exclusively marine. Palaeocampa bears biomineralized dorso-lateral and lateral sclerite sets with a unique architecture unseen in other lobopodian sclerites, which may have been capable of secreting defensive chemicals at their tips. Palaeocampa
anthrax represents a major evolutionary step in lobopodians, both in environmental adaptations and in defensive abilities.

And of course this is a half-way point toward the terrestrial lobopods
of today.
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