• Re: Buzzword of the week: Weaponise/Weaponize

    From Snidely@snidely.too@gmail.com to alt.usage.english on Thu May 7 16:55:11 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    Watch this space, where Kerr-Mudd, John advised that...
    On Mon, 4 May 2026 12:12:04 +0200
    Silvano <Silvano@noncisonopernessuno.it> wrote:

    occam hat am 04.05.2026 um 10:49 geschrieben:

    In case you think I'm theorising, there is the small matter of the
    Armenian genocide at the turn of the 20th century. It was real, it cause >>> 1.5M deaths and left a whole nation fearing and distrusting Islam.


    Read "Turks and Turkey" instead of Islam. AFAIK Armenians don't fear and
    distrust Indonesians.

    I have no data, but AIUI the Quran seems to encourage conversion (forcible
    is always an option) of infidels everywhere. I suspect some Indonesians
    might find it as true there as it was in e.g N.Africa during early Islamic history.

    As Madhu may be able to confirm:

    Aside from the issue of conversion, Peter Frankopan describes several
    periods where various Islamic regimes have been very tolerant of Jews
    and Christians. IIRC, there is a fair correlation with periods of
    prosperity.

    He also seems to argue that American policy in the Middle East is based
    on much the same principles as when the French and the British were
    overseeing the area.

    /dps
    --
    Let's celebrate Macaronesia
    --- Synchronet 3.21f-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Steve Hayes@hayesstw@telkomsa.net to alt.usage.english on Fri May 8 03:13:45 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On Thu, 7 May 2026 17:39:26 +1000, Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org>
    wrote:

    On 07/05/26 16:38, Aidan Kehoe wrote:
    Ar an seacht|| l|i de m|! Bealtaine, scr|!obh Steve Hayes:

    An example of prejudice would be that if the first case of
    backache you encountered was a spinal epidural abscess, you treated
    every subsequent case as a spinal epidural abscess.

    Yes; and even that is usually actually helpful, because I *will*
    adjust my pre-test-probability in the right direction with time,
    whereas a spinal epidural abscess is generally not on the radar at
    all for most doctors, and missing them is a routine medicolegal
    catastrophe. ItrCOs unusual to investigate for something you never
    thought of.

    If you update your probability estimate on the basis of experience,
    that's no long prejudice. A standard feature of prejudice is
    unwillingness to look at the evidence.

    I would say that is bigotry, rather than prejudice.

    Prejudice is primarily the chronological order; as the queen said to
    Alice: First the sentence, then the verdict, then the evidence.

    Your prejudice may be confirmed or debunked by the evidence.

    If you maintain it in spite of the evidence being against your
    verdict, that is bigotry.
    --
    Steve Hayes from Tshwane, South Africa
    Web: http://www.khanya.org.za/stevesig.htm
    Blog: http://methodius.blogspot.com
    E-mail - see web page, or parse: shayes at dunelm full stop org full stop uk --- Synchronet 3.21f-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From liz@liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid (Liz Tuddenham) to alt.usage.english on Fri May 8 09:50:32 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> wrote:

    On 07/05/26 16:38, Aidan Kehoe wrote:
    Ar an seacht|| l|i de m|! Bealtaine, scr|!obh Steve Hayes:

    An example of prejudice would be that if the first case of
    backache you encountered was a spinal epidural abscess, you treated
    every subsequent case as a spinal epidural abscess.

    Yes; and even that is usually actually helpful, because I *will*
    adjust my pre-test-probability in the right direction with time,
    whereas a spinal epidural abscess is generally not on the radar at
    all for most doctors, and missing them is a routine medicolegal catastrophe. ItrCOs unusual to investigate for something you never
    thought of.

    If you update your probability estimate on the basis of experience,
    that's no long prejudice. A standard feature of prejudice is
    unwillingness to look at the evidence.

    Unwillingness to look at ALL the evidence.
    --
    ~ Liz Tuddenham ~
    (Remove the ".invalid"s and add ".co.uk" to reply)
    www.poppyrecords.co.uk
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From nospam@nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) to alt.usage.english on Fri May 8 13:18:16 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    Liz Tuddenham <liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid> wrote:

    Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> wrote:

    On 07/05/26 16:38, Aidan Kehoe wrote:
    Ar an seacht|a-| l|a-i de m|arCo Bealtaine, scr|arCoobh Steve Hayes:

    An example of prejudice would be that if the first case of
    backache you encountered was a spinal epidural abscess, you treated
    every subsequent case as a spinal epidural abscess.

    Yes; and even that is usually actually helpful, because I *will*
    adjust my pre-test-probability in the right direction with time,
    whereas a spinal epidural abscess is generally not on the radar at
    all for most doctors, and missing them is a routine medicolegal catastrophe. It|orCo-Os unusual to investigate for something you never thought of.

    If you update your probability estimate on the basis of experience,
    that's no long prejudice. A standard feature of prejudice is
    unwillingness to look at the evidence.

    Unwillingness to look at ALL the evidence.

    It is just a prejudice to believe that looking at all the evidence
    will cure people of prejudices,

    Jan


    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Kerr-Mudd, John@admin@127.0.0.1 to alt.usage.english on Sun May 10 08:46:48 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On Fri, 8 May 2026 13:18:16 +0200
    nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) wrote:

    Liz Tuddenham <liz@poppyrecords.invalid.invalid> wrote:

    Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> wrote:

    On 07/05/26 16:38, Aidan Kehoe wrote:
    Ar an seacht|a-| l|a-i de m|arCo Bealtaine, scr|arCoobh Steve Hayes:

    An example of prejudice would be that if the first case of
    backache you encountered was a spinal epidural abscess, you treated
    every subsequent case as a spinal epidural abscess.

    Yes; and even that is usually actually helpful, because I *will*
    adjust my pre-test-probability in the right direction with time, whereas a spinal epidural abscess is generally not on the radar at
    all for most doctors, and missing them is a routine medicolegal catastrophe. It|orCo-Os unusual to investigate for something you never thought of.

    If you update your probability estimate on the basis of experience, that's no long prejudice. A standard feature of prejudice is unwillingness to look at the evidence.

    Unwillingness to look at ALL the evidence.

    It is just a prejudice to believe that looking at all the evidence
    will cure people of prejudices,

    IME people (and that includes me) are very fast to pick up on confirmatory evidence/gossip and very reluctant to accept information to the
    contrary and look to pick holes in it.

    wiki 'Confirmation bias'

    Trump voter syndrome
    --
    Bah, and indeed Humbug.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Hibou@vpaereru-unmonitored@yahoo.com.invalid to alt.usage.english on Sun May 10 13:49:37 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    Le 10/05/2026 |a 08:46, Kerr-Mudd, John a |-crit :
    J. J. Lodder wrote:
    Liz Tuddenham wrote:
    Peter Moylan wrote:

    If you update your probability estimate on the basis of experience,
    that's no long prejudice. A standard feature of prejudice is
    unwillingness to look at the evidence.

    Unwillingness to look at ALL the evidence.

    It is just a prejudice to believe that looking at all the evidence
    will cure people of prejudices,

    IME people (and that includes me) are very fast to pick up on confirmatory evidence/gossip and very reluctant to accept information to the
    contrary and look to pick holes in it.

    wiki 'Confirmation bias'

    Trump voter syndrome


    Yes, confirmation bias is one of several human instincts that we have to
    fight against (eating too much in times of plenty is another one).

    Still, the SNP hasn't obtained an outright majority at Holyrood, so
    we're a wee bit safer now (provided Mr Trump doesn't lead us into WW3).

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From occam@occam@nowhere.nix to alt.usage.english on Sun May 10 17:37:39 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On 08/05/2026 01:55, Snidely wrote:
    Watch this space, where Kerr-Mudd, John advised that...
    On Mon, 4 May 2026 12:12:04 +0200
    Silvano <Silvano@noncisonopernessuno.it> wrote:

    occam hat am 04.05.2026 um 10:49 geschrieben:

    In case you think I'm theorising, there is the small matter of the
    Armenian genocide at the turn of the 20th century. It was real, it
    cause
    1.5M deaths and left a whole nation fearing and distrusting Islam.


    Read "Turks and Turkey" instead of Islam. AFAIK Armenians don't fear and >>> distrust Indonesians.

    I have no data, but AIUI the Quran seems to encourage conversion
    (forcible
    is always an option) of infidels everywhere. I suspect some Indonesians
    might find it as true there as it was in e.g N.Africa during early
    Islamic
    history.

    As Madhu may be able to confirm:

    Aside from the issue of conversion, Peter Frankopan describes several
    periods where various Islamic regimes have been very tolerant of Jews
    and Christians.-a IIRC, there is a fair correlation with periods of prosperity.

    The Ottoman Empire was one such period. Yes, Jews and Christian were
    tolerated to practice their respective religions under Ottoman rule.
    However, they did not go unpunished. They were taxed at higher rates
    unless they converted to Islam.

    There are still Greeks to this day whose surnames end in -oglou ('son
    of' in Turkish). The reason for this was that they 'converted' to Islam
    for financial reasons and to avoid persecution. (Subsequently many
    reverted to -poulos (Greek for 'son of'), but some 'turkified' names
    still persist. )


    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Sam Plusnet@not@home.com to alt.usage.english on Sun May 10 19:55:00 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On 10/05/2026 16:37, occam wrote:
    On 08/05/2026 01:55, Snidely wrote:
    Watch this space, where Kerr-Mudd, John advised that...
    On Mon, 4 May 2026 12:12:04 +0200
    Silvano <Silvano@noncisonopernessuno.it> wrote:

    occam hat am 04.05.2026 um 10:49 geschrieben:

    In case you think I'm theorising, there is the small matter of the
    Armenian genocide at the turn of the 20th century. It was real, it
    cause
    1.5M deaths and left a whole nation fearing and distrusting Islam.


    Read "Turks and Turkey" instead of Islam. AFAIK Armenians don't fear and >>>> distrust Indonesians.

    I have no data, but AIUI the Quran seems to encourage conversion
    (forcible
    is always an option) of infidels everywhere. I suspect some Indonesians
    might find it as true there as it was in e.g N.Africa during early
    Islamic
    history.

    As Madhu may be able to confirm:

    Aside from the issue of conversion, Peter Frankopan describes several
    periods where various Islamic regimes have been very tolerant of Jews
    and Christians.-a IIRC, there is a fair correlation with periods of
    prosperity.

    The Ottoman Empire was one such period. Yes, Jews and Christian were tolerated to practice their respective religions under Ottoman rule.
    However, they did not go unpunished. They were taxed at higher rates
    unless they converted to Islam.

    The same was true in Islamic Spain.
    Problems arose when so many people converted to Islam. that the tax take declined to an unacceptable level.
    The result was that those who converted were considered to not be
    'proper' Muslims, and forced to continue paying the higher rate.
    --
    Sam Plusnet
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Silvano@Silvano@noncisonopernessuno.it to alt.usage.english on Sun May 10 21:37:38 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    Sam Plusnet hat am 10.05.2026 um 20:55 geschrieben:
    On 10/05/2026 16:37, occam wrote:
    The Ottoman Empire was one such period. Yes, Jews and Christian were
    tolerated to practice their respective religions under Ottoman rule.
    However, they did not go unpunished. They were taxed at higher rates
    unless they converted to Islam.

    The same was true in Islamic Spain.
    Problems arose when so many people converted to Islam. that the tax take declined to an unacceptable level.
    The result was that those who converted were considered to not be
    'proper' Muslims, and forced to continue paying the higher rate.


    Very unfair, if true, but still much better than kicking them out of the country after the conquest of the last Muslim kingdom in Spain.

    I'm sure occam won't answer me, but I'll ask them all the same. What's
    worse: higher taxes or pogroms?
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Peter Moylan@peter@pmoylan.org to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 09:34:34 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On 11/05/26 04:55, Sam Plusnet wrote:
    On 10/05/2026 16:37, occam wrote:
    On 08/05/2026 01:55, Snidely wrote:

    Aside from the issue of conversion, Peter Frankopan describes
    several periods where various Islamic regimes have been very
    tolerant of Jews and Christians. IIRC, there is a fair
    correlation with periods of prosperity.

    The Ottoman Empire was one such period. Yes, Jews and Christian
    were tolerated to practice their respective religions under Ottoman
    rule. However, they did not go unpunished. They were taxed at
    higher rates unless they converted to Islam.

    The same was true in Islamic Spain. Problems arose when so many
    people converted to Islam. that the tax take declined to an
    unacceptable level. The result was that those who converted were
    considered to not be 'proper' Muslims, and forced to continue paying
    the higher rate.

    I find it surprising to see how many countries demand that their
    citizens pay for the support of the official religion, through the tax
    system or otherwise. Even in countries whose constitution requires a
    separation between church and state, the churches still get public
    subsidies in the form of tax exemptions.

    Something that has been controversial in Australia in the last decade or
    so is the use of prayers to open a sitting or parliament. A growing
    number of members abstain from invoking the Christian god, but moves to
    get rid of the prayer have never succeeded.
    --
    Peter Moylan peter@pmoylan.org http://www.pmoylan.org
    Newcastle, NSW
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Peter Moylan@peter@pmoylan.org to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 12:04:01 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On 11/05/26 11:39, Tony Cooper wrote:

    One of the mega-churches in this area has been buying houses that
    are located in the area in order to own property for future growth
    and additional parking.

    The purchases are structured so that the current owner of the house
    has the right retain use of the property as long as the current
    owners are in residence there. They can occupy the house until they
    die or move to some other place.

    My children's school did something similar. It used to be a small school located in the middle of a residential block. A satellite view suggests
    that it now occupies most or all of the block.

    This is an older area of Orlando where the houses are small and
    plain, and most of the residents are getting on in years. A
    "lifetime right" isn't going to be that many years.

    The county tax assessor has been fighting with the church for years.
    While the houses are currently church-owned, the tax assessor says
    they must be used for church business to be exempt from property
    tax. The church claims they are property tax exempt.

    The case seems clear-cut to me, but I guess it depends on precisely how
    the laws are worded.
    --
    Peter Moylan peter@pmoylan.org http://www.pmoylan.org
    Newcastle, NSW
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Tony Cooper@tonycooper214@gmail.com to alt.usage.english on Sun May 10 21:39:49 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On Mon, 11 May 2026 09:34:34 +1000, Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org>
    wrote:

    On 11/05/26 04:55, Sam Plusnet wrote:
    On 10/05/2026 16:37, occam wrote:
    On 08/05/2026 01:55, Snidely wrote:

    Aside from the issue of conversion, Peter Frankopan describes
    several periods where various Islamic regimes have been very
    tolerant of Jews and Christians. IIRC, there is a fair
    correlation with periods of prosperity.

    The Ottoman Empire was one such period. Yes, Jews and Christian
    were tolerated to practice their respective religions under Ottoman
    rule. However, they did not go unpunished. They were taxed at
    higher rates unless they converted to Islam.

    The same was true in Islamic Spain. Problems arose when so many
    people converted to Islam. that the tax take declined to an
    unacceptable level. The result was that those who converted were
    considered to not be 'proper' Muslims, and forced to continue paying
    the higher rate.

    I find it surprising to see how many countries demand that their
    citizens pay for the support of the official religion, through the tax
    system or otherwise. Even in countries whose constitution requires a >separation between church and state, the churches still get public
    subsidies in the form of tax exemptions.


    One of the mega-churches in this area has been buying houses that are
    located in the area in order to own property for future growth and
    additional parking.

    The purchases are structured so that the current owner of the house
    has the right retain use of the property as long as the current owners
    are in residence there. They can occupy the house until they die or
    move to some other place.

    This is an older area of Orlando where the houses are small and plain,
    and most of the residents are getting on in years. A "lifetime right"
    isn't going to be that many years.

    The county tax assessor has been fighting with the church for years.
    While the houses are currently church-owned, the tax assessor says
    they must be used for church business to be exempt from property tax.
    The church claims they are property tax exempt.

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Bertel Lund Hansen@rundtosset@lundhansen.dk to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 06:33:15 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    Den 11.05.2026 kl. 01.34 skrev Peter Moylan:

    I find it surprising to see how many countries demand that their
    citizens pay for the support of the official religion, through the tax
    system or otherwise. Even in countries whose constitution requires a separation between church and state, the churches still get public
    subsidies in the form of tax exemptions.

    In Denmark only members of the official church pay church tax.

    I think that at the opening of the Folketing there is a church sermon
    for the members who wish to attend, but no religious acts are performed
    in our parliament. There are those who would like to see it, but I don't
    think that it's going to happen.
    --
    Bertel, Kolt, Danmark

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Bertel Lund Hansen@rundtosset@lundhansen.dk to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 06:35:10 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    Den 11.05.2026 kl. 03.39 skrev Tony Cooper:

    The county tax assessor has been fighting with the church for years.
    While the houses are currently church-owned, the tax assessor says
    they must be used for church business to be exempt from property tax.
    The church claims they are property tax exempt.

    Haven't the assessors taken this fight to the court?
    --
    Bertel, Kolt, Danmark

    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From athel.cb@gmail.com@user12588@newsgrouper.org.invalid to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 08:44:34 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english


    Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org> posted:

    On 11/05/26 04:55, Sam Plusnet wrote:
    On 10/05/2026 16:37, occam wrote:
    On 08/05/2026 01:55, Snidely wrote:

    Aside from the issue of conversion, Peter Frankopan describes
    several periods where various Islamic regimes have been very
    tolerant of Jews and Christians. IIRC, there is a fair
    correlation with periods of prosperity.

    The Ottoman Empire was one such period. Yes, Jews and Christian
    were tolerated to practice their respective religions under Ottoman
    rule. However, they did not go unpunished. They were taxed at
    higher rates unless they converted to Islam.

    The same was true in Islamic Spain. Problems arose when so many
    people converted to Islam. that the tax take declined to an
    unacceptable level. The result was that those who converted were
    considered to not be 'proper' Muslims, and forced to continue paying
    the higher rate.

    I find it surprising to see how many countries demand that their
    citizens pay for the support of the official religion, through the tax
    system or otherwise.

    Germany is such a country, but France isn't, with one important and bizarre exception: Alsace follows German rules and people who live there have
    to pay a religious tax. I find that quite extraordinary. I don't think the French authorities have ever enquired about my religious practices, not even when we were applying to be naturalized.

    Even in countries whose constitution requires a
    separation between church and state, the churches still get public
    subsidies in the form of tax exemptions.

    I don't know about that, but rural churches in France are often in a much tattier state than their equivalents in the UK, so if they get any subsidy
    it isn't much.

    Something that has been controversial in Australia in the last decade or
    so is the use of prayers to open a sitting or parliament. A growing
    number of members abstain from invoking the Christian god, but moves to
    get rid of the prayer have never succeeded.

    --
    athel

    Living in Marseilles for 39 years; mainly in England before that,
    with long periods in Singapore, California, Chile and Canada
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Steve Hayes@hayesstw@telkomsa.net to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 10:58:55 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On Mon, 11 May 2026 09:34:34 +1000, Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org>
    wrote:

    I find it surprising to see how many countries demand that their
    citizens pay for the support of the official religion, through the tax
    system or otherwise. Even in countries whose constitution requires a >separation between church and state, the churches still get public
    subsidies in the form of tax exemptions.

    Is it *only* churches that get such tax exemptions? Do they not apply
    to other voluntary organisations that are supported by the
    contributions of their members (who have already been taxed), like the
    Boy Scouts, the amateur football club, the Photographic Society, etc?
    --
    Steve Hayes from Tshwane, South Africa
    Web: http://www.khanya.org.za/stevesig.htm
    Blog: http://methodius.blogspot.com
    E-mail - see web page, or parse: shayes at dunelm full stop org full stop uk --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Peter Moylan@peter@pmoylan.org to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 22:22:46 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On 11/05/26 18:58, Steve Hayes wrote:
    On Mon, 11 May 2026 09:34:34 +1000, Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org>
    wrote:

    I find it surprising to see how many countries demand that their
    citizens pay for the support of the official religion, through the
    tax system or otherwise. Even in countries whose constitution
    requires a separation between church and state, the churches still
    get public subsidies in the form of tax exemptions.

    Is it *only* churches that get such tax exemptions? Do they not
    apply to other voluntary organisations that are supported by the contributions of their members (who have already been taxed), like
    the Boy Scouts, the amateur football club, the Photographic Society,
    etc?

    Strictly speaking, it's charities who get the tax exemption (in this
    country). The churches all qualify as charities. No attempt is made to distinguish between their charitable works and their other activities.

    Amateur groups usually don't make enough profit to be taxed. In fact,
    most of them make no profit at all.
    --
    Peter Moylan peter@pmoylan.org http://www.pmoylan.org
    Newcastle, NSW
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Tony Cooper@tonycooper214@gmail.com to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 08:27:55 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On Mon, 11 May 2026 06:35:10 +0200, Bertel Lund Hansen <rundtosset@lundhansen.dk> wrote:

    Den 11.05.2026 kl. 03.39 skrev Tony Cooper:

    The county tax assessor has been fighting with the church for years.
    While the houses are currently church-owned, the tax assessor says
    they must be used for church business to be exempt from property tax.
    The church claims they are property tax exempt.

    Haven't the assessors taken this fight to the court?


    I suppose, but an unfavorable ruling for either is appealed, the
    appeal can be appealed, and so on.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From occam@occam@nowhere.nix to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 15:19:13 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On 10/05/2026 21:37, Silvano wrote:


    I'm sure occam won't answer me, but I'll ask them all the same. What's
    worse: higher taxes or pogroms?

    Occam would answer you if that was a question worth asking.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From occam@occam@nowhere.nix to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 15:27:07 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On 11/05/2026 01:34, Peter Moylan wrote:
    On 11/05/26 04:55, Sam Plusnet wrote:
    On 10/05/2026 16:37, occam wrote:
    On 08/05/2026 01:55, Snidely wrote:

    Aside from the issue of conversion, Peter Frankopan describes
    several periods where various Islamic regimes have been very
    tolerant of Jews and Christians.-a IIRC, there is a fair
    correlation with periods of prosperity.

    The Ottoman Empire was one such period. Yes, Jews and Christian
    were tolerated to practice their respective religions under Ottoman
    rule. However, they did not go unpunished. They were taxed at
    higher rates unless they converted to Islam.

    The same was true in Islamic Spain. Problems arose when so many
    people converted to Islam. that the tax take declined to an
    unacceptable level. The result was that those who converted were
    considered to not be 'proper' Muslims, and forced to continue paying
    the higher rate.

    I find it surprising to see how many countries demand that their
    citizens pay for the support of the official religion, through the tax
    system or otherwise. Even in countries whose constitution requires a separation between church and state, the churches still get public
    subsidies in the form of tax exemptions.


    Heh! For a period I was paying taxes in Spain while working for UPC in Barcelona. One of the questions on the tax form (which I remember well)
    was - "did I want to make a voluntary contribution to the Church?". I
    never ticked the box, but I assume they meant the Catholic Church and
    not some other religious denomination of my choice.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Tony Cooper@tonycooper214@gmail.com to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 11:11:11 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On Mon, 11 May 2026 10:58:55 +0200, Steve Hayes
    <hayesstw@telkomsa.net> wrote:

    On Mon, 11 May 2026 09:34:34 +1000, Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org>
    wrote:

    I find it surprising to see how many countries demand that their
    citizens pay for the support of the official religion, through the tax >>system or otherwise. Even in countries whose constitution requires a >>separation between church and state, the churches still get public >>subsidies in the form of tax exemptions.

    Is it *only* churches that get such tax exemptions? Do they not apply
    to other voluntary organisations that are supported by the
    contributions of their members (who have already been taxed), like the
    Boy Scouts, the amateur football club, the Photographic Society, etc?


    In the US, a non-profit organization can apply for tax exempt status.
    That means they don't pay income, property, or sales tax.

    "Non-profit" is a misleading term. "Profit" is the difference between
    cost and revenue. A non-profit can - and most do - make a profit.
    What they can't do is share that profit with shareholders. The profit
    has to be kept in the organization and reinvested in the organization.

    Hospitals are an example of a profit-making non-profit. They don't
    disburse the profit to shareholders, but there doesn't seem to be any
    rule regarding how much they pay their executives. The CEO of Advent
    Health (Florida's largest hospital group) is paid over $3 million
    annually.

    They are not as generous to ordinary staff.



    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Silvano@Silvano@noncisonopernessuno.it to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 17:27:39 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    occam hat am 11.05.2026 um 15:27 geschrieben:
    Heh! For a period I was paying taxes in Spain while working for UPC in Barcelona. One of the questions on the tax form (which I remember well)
    was - "did I want to make a voluntary contribution to the Church?". I
    never ticked the box, but I assume they meant the Catholic Church and
    not some other religious denomination of my choice.


    I don't know the Spanish system. Italy has something similar, but with
    14 possible beneficiaries. Details here: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eight_per_thousand>

    Important point: taxpayers in Italy have only one way not to pay that
    eight per thousand, i.e. total income tax evasion. They can only choose
    which organisation gets their money. I'd like to highlight this sentence
    from that article: "The eight-per-thousand tax has significantly helped
    the Piedmontese Waldensians, a Protestant community whose origins
    predate the Reformation, the Waldensians have only about 25,000 enlisted members but about 412,000 Italians support them and their charitable
    works." The motto: anything is better than paying to the Catholic Church.
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From nospam@nospam@de-ster.demon.nl (J. J. Lodder) to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 20:33:44 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    Silvano <Silvano@noncisonopernessuno.it> wrote:

    Sam Plusnet hat am 10.05.2026 um 20:55 geschrieben:
    On 10/05/2026 16:37, occam wrote:
    The Ottoman Empire was one such period. Yes, Jews and Christian were
    tolerated to practice their respective religions under Ottoman rule.
    However, they did not go unpunished. They were taxed at higher rates
    unless they converted to Islam.

    The same was true in Islamic Spain.
    Problems arose when so many people converted to Islam. that the tax take declined to an unacceptable level.
    The result was that those who converted were considered to not be
    'proper' Muslims, and forced to continue paying the higher rate.


    Very unfair, if true, but still much better than kicking them out of the country after the conquest of the last Muslim kingdom in Spain.

    I'm sure occam won't answer me, but I'll ask them all the same. What's
    worse: higher taxes or pogroms?

    Usual practice was to have both.
    (in those parts of Europe where there were Jewish communities)
    The higher taxes might take the form of protection money
    paid to stave off the next pogrom for somewhat longer,

    Jan




    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Sam Plusnet@not@home.com to alt.usage.english on Mon May 11 20:12:18 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On 11/05/2026 16:11, Tony Cooper wrote:
    On Mon, 11 May 2026 10:58:55 +0200, Steve Hayes
    <hayesstw@telkomsa.net> wrote:

    On Mon, 11 May 2026 09:34:34 +1000, Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org>
    wrote:

    I find it surprising to see how many countries demand that their
    citizens pay for the support of the official religion, through the tax
    system or otherwise. Even in countries whose constitution requires a
    separation between church and state, the churches still get public
    subsidies in the form of tax exemptions.

    Is it *only* churches that get such tax exemptions? Do they not apply
    to other voluntary organisations that are supported by the
    contributions of their members (who have already been taxed), like the
    Boy Scouts, the amateur football club, the Photographic Society, etc?


    In the US, a non-profit organization can apply for tax exempt status.
    That means they don't pay income, property, or sales tax.

    "Non-profit" is a misleading term. "Profit" is the difference between
    cost and revenue. A non-profit can - and most do - make a profit.
    What they can't do is share that profit with shareholders. The profit
    has to be kept in the organization and reinvested in the organization.

    Hospitals are an example of a profit-making non-profit. They don't
    disburse the profit to shareholders, but there doesn't seem to be any
    rule regarding how much they pay their executives. The CEO of Advent
    Health (Florida's largest hospital group) is paid over $3 million
    annually.

    They are not as generous to ordinary staff.

    Re: US Hospitals.
    I recently watched this youtube video (by an American woman who has
    lived in Germany for some time) which discussed hidden costs of a US
    hospital visit.
    It seems to be getting worse.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LbLE_7FkR18
    --
    Sam Plusnet
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Steve Hayes@hayesstw@telkomsa.net to alt.usage.english on Tue May 12 07:04:29 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On Mon, 11 May 2026 22:22:46 +1000, Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org>
    wrote:

    On 11/05/26 18:58, Steve Hayes wrote:
    On Mon, 11 May 2026 09:34:34 +1000, Peter Moylan <peter@pmoylan.org>
    wrote:

    I find it surprising to see how many countries demand that their
    citizens pay for the support of the official religion, through the
    tax system or otherwise. Even in countries whose constitution
    requires a separation between church and state, the churches still
    get public subsidies in the form of tax exemptions.

    Is it *only* churches that get such tax exemptions? Do they not
    apply to other voluntary organisations that are supported by the
    contributions of their members (who have already been taxed), like
    the Boy Scouts, the amateur football club, the Photographic Society,
    etc?

    Strictly speaking, it's charities who get the tax exemption (in this >country). The churches all qualify as charities. No attempt is made to >distinguish between their charitable works and their other activities.

    Amateur groups usually don't make enough profit to be taxed. In fact,
    most of them make no profit at all.

    A little over a mile from where I live there is a piece of land owned
    by the municipality. There are some substantial buildings on it
    belonging to the Bowling Club, and the Scout Hall. I doubt that they
    qualify as "charities", but far from being taxed, or asked to pay
    municipal rates, they pay rent to the municipality of R1.00 per year.
    --
    Steve Hayes from Tshwane, South Africa
    Web: http://www.khanya.org.za/stevesig.htm
    Blog: http://methodius.blogspot.com
    E-mail - see web page, or parse: shayes at dunelm full stop org full stop uk --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From occam@occam@nowhere.nix to alt.usage.english on Tue May 12 09:28:49 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    On 11/05/2026 17:27, Silvano wrote:
    occam hat am 11.05.2026 um 15:27 geschrieben:
    Heh! For a period I was paying taxes in Spain while working for UPC in
    Barcelona. One of the questions on the tax form (which I remember well)
    was - "did I want to make a voluntary contribution to the Church?". I
    never ticked the box, but I assume they meant the Catholic Church and
    not some other religious denomination of my choice.


    I don't know the Spanish system. Italy has something similar, but with
    14 possible beneficiaries. Details here: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eight_per_thousand>

    Important point: taxpayers in Italy have only one way not to pay that
    eight per thousand, i.e. total income tax evasion. They can only choose
    which organisation gets their money. I'd like to highlight this sentence
    from that article: "The eight-per-thousand tax has significantly helped
    the Piedmontese Waldensians, a Protestant community whose origins
    predate the Reformation, the Waldensians have only about 25,000 enlisted members but about 412,000 Italians support them and their charitable
    works." The motto: anything is better than paying to the Catholic Church.

    That's interesting. The 0.8% is mandatory in Italy, and you have a
    choice between several religions AND social assistance.

    I'm wondering if I did not get to see a choice of religions in Spain's
    tax system because I refused to tick the optional box. [AUE Poster Paul Carmichael, who lives in Spain, may be able to shed some light.]
    --- Synchronet 3.22a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From rcpj@rcpj@panix.com (Pierre Jelenc) to alt.usage.english on Tue May 12 16:23:17 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.usage.english

    In article <1778489074-12588@newsgrouper.org>,
    athel.cb@gmail.com <user12588@newsgrouper.org.invalid> wrote:

    I don't know about that, but rural churches in France are often in a much >tattier state than their equivalents in the UK, so if they get any subsidy
    it isn't much.

    Many if not most (Catholic only?) churches in France are state owned
    (except those built after 1905). According to DDG around 32,000 churches, 6,000 chapels, and 87 cathedrals are under state ownership.

    Pierre
    --
    Pierre Jelenc
    The Gigometer www.gigometer.com
    The NYC Beer Guide www.nycbeer.org
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