From Newsgroup: alt.free.newsservers

On 2026-01-30 19:30, rbowman wrote:

On Fri, 30 Jan 2026 13:35:43 +0100, Carlos E.R. wrote:

* The Workflow: Instead of appearing immediately, posts to moderated
groups (e.g., rec.food.recipes) are sent to a moderator. The moderator
reviews them to ensure they follow the group's charter, then publishes
approved messages to the Usenet server.

I was a moderator for a group years ago. The name escapes me but we used a service to coordinate the moderation. It was inexpensive and the several moderators chipped in to pay the cost.

The newsgroup still exists but hasn't had moderators for about 20 years.

From the user side, how did it work?

For example, when posting, Thunderbird would automatically send an email
to the moderator list, and would find out this address automatically?
--
Cheers, Carlos.
ESEfc-Efc+, EUEfc-Efc|;
--- Synchronet 3.21d-Linux NewsLink 1.2

From Newsgroup: alt.free.newsservers

Herbert Kleebauer wrote:

There shouldn't be any problem when you copy text from a web page and
past it into an usnet posting. There is only a problem if you
convert the utf-8 text into "something else" and then paste it
into the posting. You don't solve a problem, you create a problem.

Hi Herbert,

Thank you for asking a question to understand why the conversion is needed. You've helped me many times over the decades, and you deserve the answer.

In the past, Carlos, Andy & others have noted my nntp headers have a
character set defined (or not) that doesn't always match the character set.

That's because I don't use a "real" newsreader.

I wrote a unique simple newsreader (which is just a bunch of batch scripts with telnet, stunnel & gVim predominating) but which has no good way of knowing what character set I'm pasting into my gVim NNTP editing sessions.

Worse, I can spend hours on a Usenet post, where I can combine input from dozens or even scores of web page sources, so character sets will mix.

So I try to automagically force every character in the final gVim edit to
be only 7-bit pure-ASCII characters (using a Notepad++ control-B macro).

1. I select text in Chromium & press "ctrl+c" to copy to clipboard
2. I type "n" in the taskbar Windows "Win+R" runbox to bring up Notepad++
3. I type "ctrl+v" to paste that HTML text into that Notepad++ session
4. I type "ctrl+b" to run the conversion to ASCII & clean the clipboard
5. I type "ctrl+v" to paste that clipbrd into my gVim editing session

This is extremely simple.
Yet very complicated.

It's brilliant, IMHO, but most people likely won't understand that concept.
But some people *do* understand that the Windows clpbrd is rather messy.

And some people might *appreciate* that I clean everything to 7-bit ASCII.

While many people waste about five seconds per Usenet post, I can invest hours, where I collate input from a huge variety of sources, and, as it
turns out, when copying from many sources, CF_HTML metadata fragments can corrupt the text in ways that most people have absolutely no idea of.

Newsgroups: alt.comp.software.firefox,comp.sys.mac.system,alt.os.linux
Subject: PSA: Clipboard differences between Chromium & Firefox across platforms
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2026 15:26:32 -0500
Message-ID: <10mld1o$1910$1@nnrp.usenet.blueworldhosting.com>

I need to stress that out of a million people, only two or three know what
is in that thread I listed above, so I understand that most people wouldn't have any idea that the Linux/macOS/Windows clipboard is so complicated.

It's simple.
But it is complicated too.

A clipboard copied from a browser contains a lot of "garbage".
Only some of that garbage is visible, but much of it is invisible.

The updated notepad++ macro below converts all that invisible/visible
garbage into the ~95 7-bit pure ASCII characters found on my keyboard.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!-- C:\app\editor\txt\N++\shortcuts.xml for Windows Notepad++ (N++) -->
<!-- Automatically cleans fragments, converts to ASCII & copies to clipbrd --> <!-- Use model: Control+V (paste) & Control+B (run the macro) -->
<!-- Notepad++ does not treat shortcuts.xml as a user-editable file. -->
<!-- It treats it as an internal state file. -->
<!-- If you hand-edit it, Notepad++ will rewrite it, reorder it, -->
<!-- truncate it, or revert it to whatever it feels like doing. -->
<!-- Which means you need to always save a text copy of every version -->
<!-- v4p6 20260311 fix the problem that it doesn't always work -->
<!-- Scintilla may preserve CF_HTML metadata even after cutting -->
<!-- Force the clipboard to contain plain text by doing a 2x copy --> <!-- Copy cleaned text, Insert dummy char, Delete dummy char -->
<!-- Select all, Copy again -->
<!-- So clipboard contains only the 2nd copy, which is always text-->
<!-- Fixed inaccuracies in the Scintilla-command comment section -->
<!-- Also fixed two Tangsa blocks U+16C00 and U+16C20 which did nothing prior -->
<!-- v4p5 20260311 fix the problem that a space is deleted -->
<!-- But Scintilla 2326 had deleted the character before the caret --> <!-- So, instead of Insert space, Delete space before the caret -->
<!-- Insert a newline, Move caret left, Delete the newline -->
<!-- v4p4 Replace U+FFFD (REPLACEMENT CHARACTER) with nothing & collapse--> <!-- Merged letters around U+00A1 (inverted exclamation mark) -->
<!-- v4p3 Replace U+FF1A (FULLWIDTH COLON) with ASCII ':' -->
<!-- v4p2 Replace U+00D7 (MULTIPLICATION SIGN) with ASCII 'x' -->
<!-- v4p1 20260213 Convert Tangsa UTF-8 (F4 86 B0 80) to a placeholder -->
<!-- v4p0 (Scintilla changes this file so always save a text backup! -->
<!-- v3p9 20260211 N++ was not running the macro in the order shown -->
<!-- But it turned out any error causes an OLDER version to run. -->
<!-- Worse, when that happens, N++ overwrites this file -->
<!-- Worse, N++ is executing macro actions in a different order -->
<!-- than they appear in the XML so a total rewrite is needed in v4p0 -->
<!-- v3p8 20260211 U+2060 is driving me nuts so it's the first block now --> <!-- v3p7 20260211 moved U+2060 up because it's the most disruptive -->
<!-- v3p6 20260211 U+2009 & U+200B not being converted properly -->
<!-- v3p5 20260211 fixed U+200B failing when U+200B is between ' & s -->
<!-- A 2nd pass was duplicated after apostrophe normalization rules --> <!-- v3p4 20260211 added U+275E (heavy double quote right) -->
<!-- v3p3 20260211 added U+2009 (thin space) -->
<!-- v3p2 20260211 added seven new conversions after running testcases -->
<!-- U+02BE (modifier letter right half ring) -->
<!-- U+02BF (modifier letter left half ring) -->
<!-- U+201E (double low-9 quote) -->
<!-- U+201F (double high-reversed-9 quote) -->
<!-- U+275D (heavy double quote left) -->
<!-- U+275E (heavy double quote right) -->
<!-- U+2015 (horizontal bar) -->
<!-- U+2009 (thin space) -->
<!-- v3p1 20260211 reorganized into a dozen distinct categories -->
<!-- (1) control characters: U+000F U+0001 -->
<!-- (2) dashes & minus signs: U+2010 U+2011 U+2012 U+2212 -->
<!-- (3) zero-width characters: U+200C U+200B U+200D U+FEFF U+2060 -->
<!-- (4) special spaces: U+00A0 U+2007 U+202F U+200A U+2008 U+2006 -->
<!-- (5) apostrophe-like characters:
U+0F0C U+2018 U+2019 U+2032 U+02BC U+02B9 U+02C8 U+02EE
U+201B U+02CB U+A78C U+FF07 -->
<!-- (6) combining marks (remove after apostrophes):
U+0351 U+0307 U+0331 U+0335 U+0336 U+0337 U+0338 -->
<!-- (7) double-quote normalization: U+201C U+201D -->
<!-- (8) dash-like & ellipsis & HTML entities:
U+2026 - U+2014 U+2013 - -->
<!-- (9) bullets, math symbols, diacritics:
U+2022 U+8722 U+011F U+2009 U+00E1 U+0161 U+011B -->
<!-- (10) miscellaneous symbols:
U+2713 ASCII hyphen ' U+2192 U+00B0 U+00A9 U+2122 U+00AE -->
<!-- (11) invisible operators:
U+00AD U+2061 U+2062 U+2063 U+2064 U+180E -->
<!-- (12) line separators: U+2028 U+2029 U+0085 -->
<!-- v3p0 20260211 added combining marks U+0351 U+0307 U+0331 -->
<!-- v3p1 20260211 added apostrophe-like characters U+201B U+02CB -->
<!-- v2p9 20260211 moved U+2060 to be above apostrophe-related blocks -->
<!-- v2p8 20260211 fixed Chromium CF_HTML paste control+A anomaly -->
<!-- v2p7 20260211 added U+02EE modifier letter double apostrophe rule -->
<!-- v2p6 20260211 fixed U+02C8 modifier letter vertical line) rule -->
<!-- v2p5 20260211 fixed U+02B9 (modifier letter prime) rule -->
<!-- v2p4 20260211 removed one of two U+000F blocks -->
<!-- v2p3 20260211 removed two (duplicate) 1700 lines in U+0161 -->
<!-- v2p2 20260211 fixed all zero-width blocks to replace with nothing -->
<!-- v2p1 20260211 fixed BOM to replace with nothing -->
<!-- v2p0 20260210 cleaned (emptied out) closing sections of the file -->
<!-- v1p9 20260210 ported old shortcuts.xml to improve coverage -->
<!-- Cleans Chromium pasted text & normalizes Unicode to ASCII -->
<!-- Use model: paste (using control+v) & fix (using control+b) -->
<!-- The macro should 1st break CF_HTML fragment mode (so Ctrl+A works) --> <!-- and then run the Unicode-to-ASCII cleanup on all the pasted text -->
<!-- cutting (control+x) the result back into the Windows clipboard -->
<!-- thereby leaving the N++ GUI empty & ready for the next paste-->

<!--
To break Scintilla's CF_HTML fragment mode, we need to make any edit.
We can insert a space & then delete that space, for example.
<Action type="0" message="2001" wParam="32" /> (insert a space)
<Action type="0" message="2326" /> (delete a char to the left)
But that is dependent on the position of the cursor, which changes!
So, in v4p4, instead of Insert space, Delete space before the caret
Insert a newline, Move caret left, Delete the newline


<!-- Scintilla message-id engine command meanings:
1601 = set the search string (the Unicode character to find)
1602 = set the replacement string (ASCII equivalent)
1625 = clear the replacement buffer
1700 = begin a new search/replace operation
1701 = end this search/replace block
1702 = execute Replace All
2001 = Replace the current selection with the given text
2013 = SCI_SELECTALL (selects everything)
2177 = SCI_CUT (cut all)
2304 = Move caret one character to the left
2326 = SCI_DELETEBACK (delete the character to the left of the caret)
2327 = Delete the character to the right of the caret
41001 = IDM_FILE_EXIT (close)


<!-- When you paste from a Chromium-based app, the clipboard contains:
CF_UNICODETEXT (plain text) & CF_HTML (HTML fragment)
And sometimes CF_RTF where N++ prefers CF_HTML if available.

v2p0 fixes a N++ selection issue caused by CF_HTML pastes.
"HTML Paste Mode" prevents the "Control+A" from working.
"HTML paste mode" inserts HTML fragment as plain text
where Ctrl+A is disabled until the buffer is "normalized"
(until the first edit that breaks the fragment state)


<!-- BELOW IS THE START OF THE NOTEPAD++ SHORTCUTS.XML FILE -->
<!-- Below is garbage that N++ adds to shortcuts.xml -->
<NotepadPlus>
<InternalCommands>
<Shortcut id="43009" Ctrl="no" Alt="no" Shift="no" Key="0" />
</InternalCommands>
<Macros>
<!-- Above is garbage that N++ adds to shortcuts.xml -->

<!-- ASCII "control+b" Cleanup Macro -->
<Macro name="ASCII" Ctrl="yes" Alt="no" Shift="no" Key="66">

<!-- Begin Scintilla HTML-paste workaround top portion -->
<!-- Break Chromium CF_HTML fragment mode by adding & deleting a line -->
<!-- Insert newline -->
<Action type="0" message="2001" wParam="10" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<!-- Move caret left -->
<Action type="0" message="2304" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<!-- Delete character to the right -->
<Action type="0" message="2327" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<!-- Select all text before running cleanup -->
<Action type="0" message="2013" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<!-- End Scintilla HTML-paste workaround top portion -->

<!-- BEGIN STANDARD CONVERSION BLOCKS -->

<!-- U+2060 is driving me nuts so I'm making it the 1st block -->
<!-- U+2060 must be placed above the apostrophe-related blocks -->
<!-- Otherwise apostrophe block may skip over it -->
<!-- U+2060 is disruptive as it must be placed above zero-width too -->
<!-- Replace U+2060 (WORD JOINER) with nothing -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2060;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- #1. CONTROL CHARACTERS (remove first) -->
<!-- Replace U+000F (SHIFT-OUT control character) with nothing -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+0001 (SOH control character) with nothing -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x0001;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- #2. DASHES & MINUS SIGNS (safest to remove early) -->
<!-- Replace U+2010 (HYPHEN) with ASCII "-" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2010;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="-" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2011 (NON-BREAKING HYPHEN) with ASCII hyphen "-" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2011;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="-" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2012 (FIGURE DASH) with ASCII "-" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2012;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="-" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2212 (MINUS SIGN) with ASCII "-" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2212;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="-" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- #3. ZERO-WIDTH CHARACTERS (must be BEFORE apostrophes) -->

<!-- Replace U+200C (ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER) with "" (nothing) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x200C;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+200B (ZERO WIDTH SPACE) with nothing -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x200B;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+200D (ZERO WIDTH JOINER) with nothing -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x200D;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+FEFF (BOM) with nothing -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#xFEFF;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- #4. SPECIAL SPACES (convert to ASCII space) -->
<!-- Replace U+00A0 (NO-BREAK SPACE) with ASCII space -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x00A0;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam=" " />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2007 (FIGURE SPACE) with ASCII space -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2007;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam=" " />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+202F (NARROW NO-BREAK SPACE) with ASCII space -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x202F;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam=" " />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+200A (HAIR SPACE) with ASCII space -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x200A;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam=" " />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2008 (PUNCTUATION SPACE) with ASCII space -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2008;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam=" " />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2006 (SIX-PER-EM SPACE) with ASCII space -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2006;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam=" " />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- #5. APOSTROPHE-LIKE CHARACTERS -->
<!-- Replace U+0F0C (TIBETAN MARK DELIMITER) with ASCII apostrophe "'" --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x0F0C;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2018 (LEFT SINGLE QUOTE) with ASCII apostrophe "'" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2018;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2019 (RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION) with ASCII apostrophe "'" --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2019;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2032 (PRIME) with ASCII apostrophe -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2032;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+02BC (MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE) with ASCII apostrophe --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x02BC;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+02B9 (MODIFIER LETTER PRIME) with ASCII apostrophe "'" --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x02B9;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+02C8 (MODIFIER LETTER VERTICAL) with ASCII apostrophe "'" --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x02C8;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+02EE (MODIFIER DOUBLE APOSTROPHE) with ASCII apostrophe "'" --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x02EE;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- U+201B (SINGLE HIGH-REVERSED-9 QUOTATION MARK) with apostrophe "'" --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x201B;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+02CB (MODIFIER LETTER GRAVE ACCENT) with ASCII apostrophe "'" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x02CB;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- This is is a duplication which is after the apostrophes -->
<!-- When U+200B appears between two characters that were already replaced --> <!-- the first pass fails to remove it, so I added this duplicate -->
<!-- Remove U+200B (ZERO-WIDTH SPACE) second pass -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x200B;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- #6. COMBINING MARKS (remove only after apostrophes are done) -->
<!-- Remove U+0351 (COMBINING RIGHT HALF RING ABOVE) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x0351;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Remove U+0307 (COMBINING DOT ABOVE) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x0307;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Remove U+0331 (COMBINING MACRON BELOW) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x0331;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />


<!-- #7. DOUBLE-QUOTE NORMALIZATION -->
<!-- Replace U+201C (LEFT DOUBLE QUOTE) with ASCII double quote " -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x201C;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam='&quot;' /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+201D (RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTE) with ASCII double quote -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x201D;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam='&quot;' /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- #8. ELLIPSIS, EM DASH, EN DASH, HTML ENTITIES -->
<!-- Replace U+2026 (HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS) with ASCII "..." -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2026;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="..." />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace literal - (HTML entity for EM DASH) with ASCII "-" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&amp;#151;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="-" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2014 (EM DASH) with ASCII "-" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2014;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="-" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2013 (EN DASH) with ASCII "-" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2013;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="-" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace literal - (ZERO WIDTH NON-JOINER entity) with ASCII "-" --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="-" />
<Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="-" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- #9. BULLETS, MATH SYMBOLS, LETTERS WITH DIACRITICS -->
<!-- Replace U+2022 (BULLET) with ASCII "*" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2022;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x002A;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+8722 (MATHEMATICAL MINUS variant) with ASCII "&" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x8722;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&amp;" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+011F (LATIN SMALL G WITH BREVE) with ASCII "g" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x11f;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="g" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+00E1 (LATIN SMALL A WITH ACUTE) with ASCII "a" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#xe1;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="a" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+0161 (LATIN SMALL S WITH CARON) with ASCII "s" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x161;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="s" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+011B (LATIN SMALL E WITH CARON) with ASCII "e" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x11b;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="e" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- #10. MISCELLANEOUS SYMBOLS -->
<!-- Replace U+2713 (CHECK MARK) with ASCII space -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2713;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam=" " />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace ASCII hyphen "-" with ASCII hyphen "-" (normalize) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="-" />
<Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="-" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace backtick with ASCII single quote -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="'" />
<Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace Unicode Arrow (U+2192) with ASCII dash greaterthan -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2192;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="->" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace degree symbol with deg -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x00B0;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="deg" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace copyright symbol U??? with (C) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x00A9;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="(C)" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace Trademark (U+2122) with (TM) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2122;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="(TM)" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace Registered (U+00AE) with (R) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x00AE;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="(R)" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />


<!-- #11. INVISIBLE OPERATORS (remove) -->
<!-- Replace U+00AD (SOFT HYPHEN) with "" (remove completely) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x00AD;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2061 (FUNCTION APPLICATION) with "" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2061;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2062 (INVISIBLE TIMES) with "" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2062;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2063 (INVISIBLE SEPARATOR) with "" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2063;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2064 (INVISIBLE PLUS) with "" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2064;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+180E (MONGOLIAN VOWEL SEPARATOR) with "" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x180E;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- #12. LINE SEPARATORS -->
<!-- Replace U+2028 (LINE SEPARATOR) with ASCII newline -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2028;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam=" " />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2029 (PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR) with ASCII newline -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2029;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam=" " />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+0085 (NEXT LINE / NEL) with ASCII newline -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x0085;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam=" " />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+A78C (LATIN SMALL LETTER SALTILLO) with ASCII apostrophe "'" --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#xA78C;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+FF07 (FULLWIDTH APOSTROPHE) with ASCII apostrophe "'" --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#xFF07;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Remove U+0335 (COMBINING SHORT STROKE OVERLAY) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x0335;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Remove U+0336 (COMBINING LONG STROKE OVERLAY) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x0336;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Remove U+0337 (COMBINING SHORT SOLIDUS OVERLAY) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x0337;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Remove U+0338 (COMBINING LONG SOLIDUS OVERLAY) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x0338;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2043 (HYPHEN BULLET) with ASCII "-" -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2043;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="-" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+02BE (MODIFIER LETTER RIGHT HALF RING) w/ ASCII apostrophe --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x02BE;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+02BF (MODIFIER LETTER LEFT HALF RING) w/ ASCII apostrophe --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x02BF;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&apos;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+201E (DOUBLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK) w/ ASCII double quote --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x201E;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&quot;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+201F (DOUBLE HIGH-REVERSED-9 QUOTATION MARK) w/ dquote --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x201F;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&quot;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+275D (HEAVY DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK ORNAMENT LEFT) w/ dquote --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x275D;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&quot;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+275E (HEAVY DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK ORNAMENT RIGHT) w/ dquote --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x275E;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&quot;" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2015 (HORIZONTAL BAR) with ASCII hyphen -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2015;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="-" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2009 (THIN SPACE) with ASCII space -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2009;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam=" " />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+2009 (THIN SPACE) with ASCII space -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x2009;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam=" " />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+00D7 (MULTIPLICATION SIGN) with ASCII 'x' -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x00D7;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="x" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+FF1A (FULLWIDTH COLON) with ASCII ':' -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#xFF1A;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam=":" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- END OF STANDARD CONVERSION BLOCKS -->

<!-- v4p1 Convert Tangsa UTF-8 (F4 86 B0 80) to a harmless placeholder -->
<!-- Replace U+16C00 (Tangsa Letter OZ) with placeholder -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x16C00;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="[[NW]]" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />


<!-- Replace U+16C20 (mutated Tangsa) with placeholder -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#x16C20;" /> <Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="[[NW]]" /> <Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Replace U+FFFD (REPLACEMENT CHARACTER) with nothing -->
<!--
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="&#xFFFD;" />
<Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />


<!-- Merge letters around U+FFFD (fix broken ligatures by collapsing) --> <Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="([A-Za-z])&#xFFFD;([A-Za-z])" />
<Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="\1\2" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Merge letters around U+00A1 (inverted exclamation mark) -->
<Action type="3" message="1700" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1601" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="([A-Za-z])&#x00A1;\s*([A-Za-z])" />
<Action type="3" message="1625" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="\1\2" />
<Action type="3" message="1602" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1702" wParam="0" lParam="768" sParam="" />
<Action type="3" message="1701" wParam="0" lParam="1609" sParam="" />

<!-- Begin Scintilla HTML-paste workaround bottom portion -->
<!-- First copy -->
<Action type="0" message="2178" />
<!-- Insert dummy space -->
<Action type="0" message="2001" wParam="32" />
<!-- Move caret left -->
<Action type="0" message="2304" />
<!-- Delete dummy space safely -->
<Action type="0" message="2327" />
<!-- Select all again -->
<Action type="0" message="2013" />
<!-- Second copy (guaranteed plain text) -->
<Action type="0" message="2178" />
<!-- Cut to empty editor -->
<Action type="0" message="2177" />
<!-- End Scintilla HTML-paste workaround bottom portion -->

<!-- Close N++ -->
<Action type="2" message="41001" wParam="0" lParam="0" sParam="" />

<!-- N++ will save shortcuts.xml automatically as it
rewrites the file whenever shortcuts/macros/plugins change.
Some sections are required so empty sections will be recreated.


</Macro>
</Macros>
<UserDefinedCommands>
</UserDefinedCommands>

<PluginCommands />
<ScintillaKeys />

</NotepadPlus>

<!-- ABOVE IS THE MEAT OF THE NOTEPAD++ SHORTCUTS.XML FILE -->
--
There are two kinds of people on Usenet, only one of which can add value.
--- Synchronet 3.21d-Linux NewsLink 1.2

From Newsgroup: alt.free.newsservers

Maria Sophia <mariasophia@comprehension.com> wrote:

Hi Herbert,

Hi, Arlen, how's your User-Agent?
--
Darth Wader [breathe, breathe...]
--- Synchronet 3.21d-Linux NewsLink 1.2

From Newsgroup: alt.free.newsservers

Several kind posters have helped me track down why my replies sometimes get corrupted when responding to posts from Winston, so I wanted to kindly summarize the
findings so the whole picture is clear, which would be helpful to those who care.

While anything I say below can be wrong, it's what I "think" is happening...

1. Winston types his display name using Windows Alt-codes.
These produce raw Windows-1252 bytes:
A1 = -i
F1 = |#
A7 = -o
B1 = -#
A4 = -n
His full display name is literally:
...w-i|#-o-#-n|#

2. These bytes are legal in Windows-1252, but not legal in a Usenet header.
Usenet headers must be 7-bit ASCII unless they use a MIME encoded-word.
WinstonrCOs header contains raw 8-bit bytes, not ASCII and not UTF-8.

3. Thunderbird displays those bytes as-is.
Thunderbird does not sanitize nor re-encode the header on send.
In the message viewer, Thunderbird shows:
...w-i|#-o-#-n|# <winstonmvp@gmail.com>
When viewing the raw source, Thunderbird shows a MIME-encoded version,
but that is Thunderbird's internal representation, not what was sent.

4. My own workflow is strict ASCII.
I enforce 7-bit output. When I quote Winston, his raw 8-bit bytes get
copied into my attribution line. That can create a mojibake mismatch
between declared charsets and the actual bytes in my outgoing post.

5. Some NNTP servers may (apparently) try to 'repair' that mismatch.
Different nntp servers may handle illegal bytes differently. Some
may rewrite the charset, some might re-encode the body, and some
may simply corrupt the article into mojibake scrambled eggs.
I think that is why my replies sometimes get mangled on the way out.

6. By experiment, ASCII mode works better for me than UTF-8 mode.
When I declare US-ASCII and strip all non-ASCII before posting, the
article is internally consistent and servers seem to not interfere.
When I declare UTF-8, servers appear to try to validate the bytes to
fix what is not valid UTF-8, which may lead to unpredictable results.

Since this is a component of the perils of writing your own newsreader,
I am adding a normalization step in my shortcuts.xml so that any non-ASCII bytes in the attribution line are removed or replaced before posting. This keeps my outgoing articles 7-bit clean and prevents NNTP servers from
rewriting them. Modern newsreaders already do this automatically, so this likely perhaps mainly only affects older strict-ASCII workflows like mine.

Thanks to everyone who helped test this from the recipient's side. The
problem is now better understood & the workaround on my end is ongoing.
--
There are 2 types of posters on Usenet, only half of which can add value.
--- Synchronet 3.21d-Linux NewsLink 1.2

From Newsgroup: alt.free.newsservers

Maria Sophia <mariasophia@comprehension.com> wrote:
<snip>

I need to stress that out of a million people, only two or three know what is in that thread I listed above, so I understand that most people wouldn't have any idea that the Linux/macOS/Windows clipboard is so complicated.
But it is complicated too.

You think only "two of three" people out of a million, whom hang
out on Usenet in 2026, in a software-related group no less (I'm
reading this on news.software.readers) understand how character
encoding and decoding works?

<snip a whole heap of macro>

And that it takes about a thousand lines to move from one encoding
to another? Most modern programming languages can do this trivially
in one operation. You should only have to decode based on the
specified encoding, then encode to your specified encoding. Literally
one line per operation. This is specifically why Unicode is used.

Am I missing something obvious? In what language is your
newsreader written?


Phil
--
AH#61 Wolf#14 BS#89 bus#1 CCB#1 SENS KOTC#4
philb@philb.ca http://philb.ca
--- Synchronet 3.21d-Linux NewsLink 1.2