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Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA)

You are subscribed to Cybersecurity Advisories for Cybersecurity and Infras= tructure Security Agency. This information has recently been updated and is=
now available.

CISA, NSA, and FBI Release Advisory on China-Based AI Knowledge Distillatio=
n Campaigns Targeting U.S. AI Companies [ https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/= cybersecurity-advisories/aa26-251a?utm_source=3DChinaAICompaniesDistillatio= n&utm_medium=3DGovDelivery ] 09/08/2026 3:15 PM EST=20

Today, the National Security Agency (NSA), in collaboration with the Cybers= ecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) and the Federal Bureau of=
Investigation (FBI), released a joint Cybersecurity Advisory "China-Based = Artificial Intelligence Companies Conducting Industrial-Scale Distillation = Campaigns Against U.S. AI Companies [ https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybe= rsecurity-advisories/aa26-251a?utm_source=3DChinaAICompaniesDistillation&ut= m_medium=3DGovDelivery ] "to raise awareness of knowledge distillation camp= aigns targeting U.S. frontier artificial intelligence (AI) companies.

Knowledge distillation is a machine learning technique that involves traini=
ng a less capable AI model on the outputs of a larger, more capable one. Wh= ile it=E2=80=99s a valid training method, it can be misused to attempt to a= cquire capabilities from competitors in less time and with less cost than d= eveloping them legitimately. China-based AI companies have conducted system= atic efforts to extract proprietary functions and capabilities from U.S. AI=
models since at least late 2024, exploiting multiple access pathways=E2=80= =94including native application programming interfaces (APIs), cloud provid= ers, third-party aggregators, shared premium subscriptions, and proxy netwo= rks, to evade detection, bypass geographic restrictions, and obscure activi= ty.

This activity threatens U.S. technological leadership and proprietary AI ca= pabilities. The advisory details observed tactics, techniques, and procedur=
es (TTPs) associated with these industrial-scale distillation campaigns, in= cluding premium subscription tier exploitation, centralized request routing=
infrastructure, automated request metadata sanitization, and systematic qu= ota and cost optimization.

Immediate actions for U.S. AI companies:


* *Implement comprehensive detection and mitigation:* Detect anomalous an=
d malicious prompts, accounts, networks, and behaviors.=20
* *Deploy targeted response changes:* Subtly alter responses for suspecte=
d malicious distillation attempts.=20
* *Establish cross-organization intelligence sharing:* Correlate activity=
across model providers, cloud platforms, and API aggregators.=20

Addressing industrial-scale distillation requires a coordinated response ac= ross the AI ecosystem, including effective information sharing spanning the=
U.S. Government, private industry, and allied nations.

Read the full advisory [ https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-adv= isories/aa26-251a?utm_source=3DChinaAICompaniesDistillation&utm_medium=3DGo= vDelivery ] for more TTPs and recommended actions.

Please share your thoughts with us through this anonymous survey [ https://= cisasurvey.gov1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_9n4TtB8uttUPaM6?Source=3DGovDeliv= eryChinaAICompaniesDistillation ]. We appreciate your feedback.

This product is provided subject to this Notification [ https://www.cisa.go= v/notification ] and this Privacy & Use [ https://www.cisa.gov/privacy-poli=
cy ] policy.

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Having trouble viewing this message?=C2=A0View it as a webpage [ https://co= ntent.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDHSCISA/bulletins/429008f ].=C2=A0 [ https= ://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDHS/bulletins/292141e ]

You are subscribed to updates from the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Sec= urity Agency [ https://www.cisa.gov ] (CISA)
Manage Subscriptions [ https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDHSCISA/su= bscriber/edit?preferences=3Dtrue#tab1 ]=C2=A0=C2=A0|=C2=A0=C2=A0Privacy Pol= icy [ https://www.cisa.gov/privacy-policy ]=C2=A0=C2=A0|=C2=A0 Help [ https= ://subscriberhelp.granicus.com/s/article/Subscriber-Help-Center ] [ https:/= /insights.govdelivery.com/Communications/Subscriber_Help_Center ]

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<title> CISA, NSA, and FBI Release Advisory on China-Based AI Knowledge = Distillation Campaigns Targeting U.S. AI Companies
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<p><img src=3D"https://content.govdelivery.com/attachments/fancy_images/U= SDHSCISA/2020/06/3486054/05152023-gov-delivery-banner-copy_original.png" al= t=3D"Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA)" title=3D"" wi= dth=3D"600" height=3D"100"></p>
<p>You are subscribed to Cybersecurity Advisories for Cybersecurity and I= nfrastructure Security Agency. This information has recently been updated a=
nd is now available.</p>
<div class=3D"rss_item" style=3D"margin-bottom: 2em;">
<div class=3D"rss_title" style=3D"font-weight: bold; font-size: 120%; margi=
n: 0 0 0.3em; padding: 0;"><a href=3D"https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybe= rsecurity-advisories/aa26-251a?utm_source=3DChinaAICompaniesDistillation&ut= m_medium=3DGovDelivery" target=3D"_blank" title=3D"CISA, NSA, and FBI Relea=
se Advisory on China-Based AI Knowledge Distillation Campaigns Targeting U.=
S. AI Companies" rel=3D"noopener">CISA, NSA, and FBI Release Advisory on Ch= ina-Based AI Knowledge Distillation Campaigns Targeting U.S. AI Companies</= a></div>
<div class=3D"rss_pub_date" style=3D"font-size: 90%; font-style: italic; co= lor: #666666; margin: 0 0 0.3em; padding: 0;">09/08/2026 3:15 PM EST</div>
<div class=3D"l-page-section l-page-section--rich-text csaf-imported">

<div class=3D"l-constrain">
<div class=3D"l-page-section__content">
<p>Today, the National Security Agency (NSA), in collaboration with the Cyb= ersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) and the Federal Bureau=
of Investigation (FBI), released a joint Cybersecurity Advisory <em><a hre= f=3D"https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa26-251a?ut= m_source=3DChinaAICompaniesDistillation&utm_medium=3DGovDelivery" target=3D= "_blank" title=3D"China-Based Artificial Intelligence Companies Conducting = Industrial-Scale Distillation Campaigns Against U.S. AI Companies" rel=3D"n= oopener">China-Based Artificial Intelligence Companies Conducting Industria= l-Scale Distillation Campaigns Against U.S. AI Companies</a> </em>to raise = awareness of knowledge distillation campaigns targeting U.S. frontier artif= icial intelligence (AI) companies.</p>
<p>Knowledge distillation is a machine learning technique that involves tra= ining a less capable AI model on the outputs of a larger, more capable one.=
While it=E2=80=99s a valid training method, it can be misused to attempt t=
o acquire capabilities from competitors in less time and with less cost tha=
n developing them legitimately. China-based AI companies have conducted sys= tematic efforts to extract proprietary functions and capabilities from U.S.=
AI models since at least late 2024, exploiting multiple access pathways=E2= =80=94including native application programming interfaces (APIs), cloud pro= viders, third-party aggregators, shared premium subscriptions, and proxy ne= tworks, to evade detection, bypass geographic restrictions, and obscure act= ivity.</p>
<p>This activity threatens U.S. technological leadership and proprietary AI=
capabilities. The advisory details observed tactics, techniques, and proce= dures (TTPs) associated with these industrial-scale distillation campaigns,=
including premium subscription tier exploitation, centralized request rout= ing infrastructure, automated request metadata sanitization, and systematic=
quota and cost optimization.</p>
<p>Immediate actions for U.S. AI companies:</p>


<span style=3D"font-family: Symbol;"> </span><strong>Implement comprehensiv=
e detection and mitigation:</strong> Detect anomalous and malicious prompts=
, accounts, networks, and behaviors.</li>

<span style=3D"font-family: Symbol;"> </span><strong>Deploy targeted respon=
se changes:</strong> Subtly alter responses for suspected malicious distill= ation attempts.</li>

<span style=3D"font-family: Symbol;"> </span><strong>Establish cross-organi= zation intelligence sharing:</strong> Correlate activity across model provi= ders, cloud platforms, and API aggregators.</li>
</ul>
<p>Addressing industrial-scale distillation requires a coordinated response=
across the AI ecosystem, including effective information sharing spanning = the U.S. Government, private industry, and allied nations.</p>
<p>Read the full <a href=3D"https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-= advisories/aa26-251a?utm_source=3DChinaAICompaniesDistillation&utm_medium= =3DGovDelivery" target=3D"_blank" title=3D"China-Based Artificial Intellige= nce Companies Conducting Industrial-Scale Distillation Campaigns Against U.=
S. AI Companies" rel=3D"noopener">advisory</a> for more TTPs and recommende=
d actions.</p>
<p>Please share your thoughts with us through this <a href=3D"https://cisas= urvey.gov1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_9n4TtB8uttUPaM6?Source=3DGovDeliveryCh= inaAICompaniesDistillation" target=3D"_blank" title=3D"anonymous survey" re= l=3D"noopener">anonymous survey</a>. We appreciate your feedback.</p>
<p>This product is provided subject to this <span><span style=3D"color: #46= 7886;"><a href=3D"https://www.cisa.gov/notification" target=3D"_blank" titl= e=3D"Notification" rel=3D"noopener">Notification</a></span></span> and this=
<span><span style=3D"color: #467886;"><a href=3D"https://www.cisa.gov/priv= acy-policy" target=3D"_blank" title=3D"Privacy &amp; Use" rel=3D"noopener">= Privacy &amp; Use</a></span></span> policy.<span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt= ;"></span></p>
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