• History of 557 kHz (539 metres)

    From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Nov 30 23:08:41 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    I know when Capital Radio started, the AM service was on a temporary
    frequency of 539 metres (557 kHz). I am wondering where this frequency
    came from. Was it a previous BBC frequency? Was it an international (non-exclusive) allocation that could be used at low power? Or - as
    rumour has it - was it simply to block the pirate station Veronica?
    Was it used after it was vacated by Capital?
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  • From Rink@rink.hof.haalditmaarweg@planet.nl to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Dec 1 02:26:21 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    Op 1-12-2025 om 0:08 schreef Scott:
    I know when Capital Radio started, the AM service was on a temporary frequency of 539 metres (557 kHz). I am wondering where this frequency
    came from. Was it a previous BBC frequency? Was it an international (non-exclusive) allocation that could be used at low power? Or - as
    rumour has it - was it simply to block the pirate station Veronica?
    Was it used after it was vacated by Capital?


    557 was not mentioned for the UK in the 1948 Plan
    and it was not an international low-power frequency.
    As far as I know only 1493 and 1594 were such low-power frequencies.

    557 kHz was used by:
    Helsinki Finland 100kW
    Monte Ceneri Switzerland 50 kW
    Greifswald DDR 10 kW
    Craiova Rumania 20 kW
    Radio Veronica
    and some stations in Portugal, USSR and Egypt.
    Source: Wireless World Guide to Broadcasting Stations 17th edition (1973)

    Only the Helsinki, the Monte Ceneri and the transmitter in
    Cairo Egypt were according to the 1948 Kopenhagen plan.
    The others were out of plan, maybe illegal !
    But not Veronica, because the 1948 plan did not apply outside
    territorial waters.

    Radio Veronica started 30 september 1972 at 13:00 Dutch time on 557.
    You can read everything about choosing the frequency
    and testing before 30 september here: https://www.norderney192.nl/historie/h-1972.html

    After a few months on 557 Veronica received information
    that a local transmitter was going to start in London.
    At the Norderney site you can find an audio recording of the IBA
    announcing that a local station will start on 557 kHz/539 metres.

    Some administrations consulted the countries with the plan transmitters
    before using the frequency.
    This is what NL did with Ireland and Hungary
    before starting Hilversum 3 on 1250 kHz in october 1965.
    Condition was that NL should use 1250 only at daytime.
    So Hilversum 3 stopped at 18:00 Dutch time on MW.

    I guess that the IBA did this too.

    Rink
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  • From JMB99@mb@nospam.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Dec 1 07:41:07 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 30/11/2025 23:08, Scott wrote:
    I know when Capital Radio started, the AM service was on a temporary frequency of 539 metres (557 kHz). I am wondering where this frequency
    came from. Was it a previous BBC frequency? Was it an international (non-exclusive) allocation that could be used at low power? Or - as
    rumour has it - was it simply to block the pirate station Veronica?
    Was it used after it was vacated by Capital?


    Didn't their VHF service start up on a frequency in use by the
    Metropolitan Police?



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  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Dec 1 09:59:14 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Mon, 1 Dec 2025 07:41:07 +0000, JMB99 <mb@nospam.net> wrote:

    On 30/11/2025 23:08, Scott wrote:
    I know when Capital Radio started, the AM service was on a temporary
    frequency of 539 metres (557 kHz). I am wondering where this frequency
    came from. Was it a previous BBC frequency? Was it an international
    (non-exclusive) allocation that could be used at low power? Or - as
    rumour has it - was it simply to block the pirate station Veronica?
    Was it used after it was vacated by Capital?

    Didn't their VHF service start up on a frequency in use by the
    Metropolitan Police?

    According to this https://www.localradioarchive.co.uk/capital_radio/
    it started on 95.8 kHz. It is unlikely the Met would use a frequency
    right in the middle of the dial. I thought they used frequencies at
    the top end, that were subsequently released for broacast use.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Mark Carver@mark@invalid.com to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Dec 1 10:02:20 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 01/12/2025 07:41, JMB99 wrote:
    On 30/11/2025 23:08, Scott wrote:
    I know when Capital Radio started, the AM service was on a temporary
    frequency of 539 metres (557 kHz). I am wondering where this frequency
    came from. Was it a previous BBC frequency? Was it an international
    (non-exclusive) allocation that could be used at low power? Or - as
    rumour has it - was it simply to block the pirate station Veronica?
    Was it used after it was vacated by Capital?


    Didn't their VHF service start up on a frequency in use by the
    Metropolitan Police?

    95.8 No, but LBC on 97.3 was affected for a while. BBC Radio Medway from Wrotham was using 97.0, but they (along with other BBC LRs) moved to
    96.7 to accommodate the new ILR services in 1973.


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  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Dec 1 10:03:02 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Mon, 1 Dec 2025 02:26:21 +0100, Rink
    <rink.hof.haalditmaarweg@planet.nl> wrote:

    Op 1-12-2025 om 0:08 schreef Scott:
    I know when Capital Radio started, the AM service was on a temporary
    frequency of 539 metres (557 kHz). I am wondering where this frequency
    came from. Was it a previous BBC frequency? Was it an international
    (non-exclusive) allocation that could be used at low power? Or - as
    rumour has it - was it simply to block the pirate station Veronica?
    Was it used after it was vacated by Capital?


    557 was not mentioned for the UK in the 1948 Plan
    and it was not an international low-power frequency.
    As far as I know only 1493 and 1594 were such low-power frequencies.

    557 kHz was used by:
    Helsinki Finland 100kW
    Monte Ceneri Switzerland 50 kW
    Greifswald DDR 10 kW
    Craiova Rumania 20 kW
    Radio Veronica
    and some stations in Portugal, USSR and Egypt.
    Source: Wireless World Guide to Broadcasting Stations 17th edition (1973)

    Only the Helsinki, the Monte Ceneri and the transmitter in
    Cairo Egypt were according to the 1948 Kopenhagen plan.
    The others were out of plan, maybe illegal !
    But not Veronica, because the 1948 plan did not apply outside
    territorial waters.

    Radio Veronica started 30 september 1972 at 13:00 Dutch time on 557.
    You can read everything about choosing the frequency
    and testing before 30 september here: >https://www.norderney192.nl/historie/h-1972.html

    After a few months on 557 Veronica received information
    that a local transmitter was going to start in London.
    At the Norderney site you can find an audio recording of the IBA
    announcing that a local station will start on 557 kHz/539 metres.

    Some administrations consulted the countries with the plan transmitters >before using the frequency.
    This is what NL did with Ireland and Hungary
    before starting Hilversum 3 on 1250 kHz in october 1965.
    Condition was that NL should use 1250 only at daytime.
    So Hilversum 3 stopped at 18:00 Dutch time on MW.

    I guess that the IBA did this too.

    Interesting but if it was as easy as this why did Northern Ireland
    wait until 1962 (?) for is own frequency? Why did they not just find a frequency and keep the power down and this would be unlikely to affect
    central Europe much.
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  • From John Williamson@johnwilliamson@btinternet.com to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Dec 1 10:07:17 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 01/12/2025 09:59, Scott wrote:
    On Mon, 1 Dec 2025 07:41:07 +0000, JMB99 <mb@nospam.net> wrote:

    On 30/11/2025 23:08, Scott wrote:
    I know when Capital Radio started, the AM service was on a temporary
    frequency of 539 metres (557 kHz). I am wondering where this frequency
    came from. Was it a previous BBC frequency? Was it an international
    (non-exclusive) allocation that could be used at low power? Or - as
    rumour has it - was it simply to block the pirate station Veronica?
    Was it used after it was vacated by Capital?

    Didn't their VHF service start up on a frequency in use by the
    Metropolitan Police?

    According to this https://www.localradioarchive.co.uk/capital_radio/
    it started on 95.8 kHz. It is unlikely the Met would use a frequency
    right in the middle of the dial. I thought they used frequencies at
    the top end, that were subsequently released for broacast use.

    At the time, the police were all over the place in the broadcast FM
    band, as were the pirates. I was working for a car recovery firm at the
    time, and it was amazing how often I happened to be passing by soon
    after an incident...
    --
    Tciao for Now!

    John.
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  • From J. P. Gilliver@G6JPG@255soft.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Dec 1 10:17:06 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 2025/12/1 9:59:14, Scott wrote:
    On Mon, 1 Dec 2025 07:41:07 +0000, JMB99 <mb@nospam.net> wrote:
    []
    Didn't their VHF service start up on a frequency in use by the
    Metropolitan Police?

    According to this https://www.localradioarchive.co.uk/capital_radio/
    it started on 95.8 kHz. It is unlikely the Met would use a frequency
    MHz :-)
    right in the middle of the dial. I thought they used frequencies at
    the top end, that were subsequently released for broacast use.
    Yes, Band II in the UK originally stopped at 100 MHz, though of course
    most imported sets went up to the full 108. Yes, the police - and other
    bodies - did initially use that part of the band. (AM, but you could
    hear them on most FM sets, just rather quiet. Especially initially, when
    e. g. Foster-Seeley rather than PLL decoders for FM were commoner.)
    --
    J. P. Gilliver. UMRA: 1960/<1985 MB++G()ALIS-Ch++(p)Ar++T+H+Sh0!:`)DNAf
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From JMB99@mb@nospam.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Dec 1 14:38:13 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 01/12/2025 09:59, Scott wrote:
    According to thishttps://www.localradioarchive.co.uk/capital_radio/
    it started on 95.8 kHz. It is unlikely the Met would use a frequency
    right in the middle of the dial. I thought they used frequencies at
    the top end, that were subsequently released for broacast use.


    As someone pointed out that it might have been the other London staion.

    I think the Home Office did their own frequency allocations at that time
    and it was said be common to just put tone on a channel for a few weeks
    then if no one complained they would get it allocated to them.


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  • From JMB99@mb@nospam.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Dec 1 14:45:31 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 01/12/2025 10:17, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    Yes, Band II in the UK originally stopped at 100 MHz, though of course
    most imported sets went up to the full 108. Yes, the police - and other bodies - did initially use that part of the band. (AM, but you could
    hear them on most FM sets, just rather quiet. Especially initially, when
    e. g. Foster-Seeley rather than PLL decoders for FM were commoner.)


    It was a mixture of AM and FM in different areas. Even in Scotland some forces used AM and some FM.

    There was a set that had all channels fitted and could operate AM and
    FM, used by people who moved around a lot - a friend had one in his car (officially).

    Even the UHF band used by PR sets varied as a Caithness plod found when
    he asked for a PR set on the channel used by the SB people using a base station at Castle of Mey!




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  • From JMB99@mb@nospam.net to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Dec 1 16:18:00 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 01/12/2025 10:07, John Williamson wrote:
    At the time, the police were all over the place in the broadcast FM
    band, as were the pirates. I was working for a car recovery firm at the time, and it was amazing how often I happened to be passing by soon
    after an incident...


    Some forces used frequencies below the Band II band as links.



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  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Mon Dec 1 17:32:36 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Mon, 1 Dec 2025 10:17:06 +0000, "J. P. Gilliver" <G6JPG@255soft.uk>
    wrote:

    On 2025/12/1 9:59:14, Scott wrote:
    On Mon, 1 Dec 2025 07:41:07 +0000, JMB99 <mb@nospam.net> wrote:

    []

    Didn't their VHF service start up on a frequency in use by the
    Metropolitan Police?

    According to this https://www.localradioarchive.co.uk/capital_radio/
    it started on 95.8 kHz. It is unlikely the Met would use a frequency

    MHz :-)

    A million apologies.
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  • From Paul Ratcliffe@abuse@orac12.clara34.co56.uk78 to uk.tech.broadcast on Tue Dec 2 09:56:17 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Mon, 01 Dec 2025 17:32:36 +0000, Scott <newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk> wrote:

    Didn't their VHF service start up on a frequency in use by the
    Metropolitan Police?

    According to this https://www.localradioarchive.co.uk/capital_radio/
    it started on 95.8 kHz. It is unlikely the Met would use a frequency

    MHz :-)

    A million apologies.

    I've told you a thousand times not to exaggerate.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Charles Hope@clh@candehope.me.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Dec 21 21:30:07 2025
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On 01/12/2025 10:17, J. P. Gilliver wrote:
    On 2025/12/1 9:59:14, Scott wrote:
    On Mon, 1 Dec 2025 07:41:07 +0000, JMB99 <mb@nospam.net> wrote:

    []

    Didn't their VHF service start up on a frequency in use by the
    Metropolitan Police?

    According to this https://www.localradioarchive.co.uk/capital_radio/
    it started on 95.8 kHz. It is unlikely the Met would use a frequency

    MHz :-)

    right in the middle of the dial. I thought they used frequencies at
    the top end, that were subsequently released for broacast use.

    Yes, Band II in the UK originally stopped at 100 MHz, though of course
    most imported sets went up to the full 108. Yes, the police - and other bodies - did initially use that part of the band. (AM, but you could
    hear them on most FM sets, just rather quiet. Especially initially, when
    e. g. Foster-Seeley rather than PLL decoders for FM were commoner.)

    Initially only 6.6MHz of the band was made available to the BBC - lety
    of police above 94HHz.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Rink@rink.hof.haalditmaarweg@planet.nl to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Jan 4 15:41:21 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    Op 1-12-2025 om 11:03 schreef Scott:
    On Mon, 1 Dec 2025 02:26:21 +0100, Rink
    <rink.hof.haalditmaarweg@planet.nl> wrote:

    Op 1-12-2025 om 0:08 schreef Scott:
    I know when Capital Radio started, the AM service was on a temporary
    frequency of 539 metres (557 kHz). I am wondering where this frequency
    came from. Was it a previous BBC frequency? Was it an international
    (non-exclusive) allocation that could be used at low power? Or - as
    rumour has it - was it simply to block the pirate station Veronica?
    Was it used after it was vacated by Capital?


    557 was not mentioned for the UK in the 1948 Plan
    and it was not an international low-power frequency.
    As far as I know only 1493 and 1594 were such low-power frequencies.

    557 kHz was used by:
    Helsinki Finland 100kW
    Monte Ceneri Switzerland 50 kW
    Greifswald DDR 10 kW
    Craiova Rumania 20 kW
    Radio Veronica
    and some stations in Portugal, USSR and Egypt.
    Source: Wireless World Guide to Broadcasting Stations 17th edition (1973)

    Only the Helsinki, the Monte Ceneri and the transmitter in
    Cairo Egypt were according to the 1948 Kopenhagen plan.
    The others were out of plan, maybe illegal !
    But not Veronica, because the 1948 plan did not apply outside
    territorial waters.

    Radio Veronica started 30 september 1972 at 13:00 Dutch time on 557.
    You can read everything about choosing the frequency
    and testing before 30 september here:
    https://www.norderney192.nl/historie/h-1972.html

    After a few months on 557 Veronica received information
    that a local transmitter was going to start in London.
    At the Norderney site you can find an audio recording of the IBA
    announcing that a local station will start on 557 kHz/539 metres.

    Some administrations consulted the countries with the plan transmitters
    before using the frequency.
    This is what NL did with Ireland and Hungary
    before starting Hilversum 3 on 1250 kHz in october 1965.
    Condition was that NL should use 1250 only at daytime.
    So Hilversum 3 stopped at 18:00 Dutch time on MW.

    I guess that the IBA did this too.

    Interesting but if it was as easy as this why did Northern Ireland
    wait until 1962 (?) for is own frequency? Why did they not just find a frequency and keep the power down and this would be unlikely to affect central Europe much.



    I do not understand your question.
    Do you say that Northern Ireland did not have a frequency before 1962?

    I searched for old transmitter lists and found a few with N.I. transmitters.


    World Radio Station List 1949-1951 <https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Logs-Lists-Directories/Archive-Radio-Logbooks/Archive-Stevenson-Burgess-Others/World%20Radio%20Station%20List%201949-51.pdf>
    If this link is broken go to it via <https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Logs-Lists-Directories/Radio_Log_Master_Page.htm>

    This list mentions:
    1050 kHz 100 kW Lisnagarvey
    1050 kHz 1 kW Londonderry
    1149 kHz 10 kW Lisnagarvey
    1149 kHz 1 kW Londonderry

    From page 13 the Copenhagen Plan ("after March 1950") mentions:
    1151 kHz 100 kW Lisnagarvey
    1151 kHz 5 kW Londonderry
    1214 kHz 10 kW Lisnagarvey
    1214 kHz 1 kW Londonderry
    1546 kHz 5 kW Belfast


    I also found on the same website a 1961 list from the UK.
    Wireless World Guide to Broadcasting Stations 1961 <https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Logs-Lists-Directories/Archive-Radio-Logbooks/Wireless-World-Guide-to-Broadcasting-Stations-1961.pdf>

    This list mentions on page 25:
    Belfast 1546 kHz
    Lisnagarvey 1151 & 1214
    Londonderry 1151 & 1214
    1151 has 2 transmitters Northern Ireland + 2 other TXs in UK
    1214 has a lot of transmitters all over the UK.


    Rink
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  • From Scott@newsgroups@gefion.myzen.co.uk to uk.tech.broadcast on Sun Jan 4 15:05:34 2026
    From Newsgroup: uk.tech.broadcast

    On Sun, 4 Jan 2026 15:41:21 +0100, Rink
    <rink.hof.haalditmaarweg@planet.nl> wrote:

    Op 1-12-2025 om 11:03 schreef Scott:
    On Mon, 1 Dec 2025 02:26:21 +0100, Rink
    <rink.hof.haalditmaarweg@planet.nl> wrote:

    Op 1-12-2025 om 0:08 schreef Scott:
    I know when Capital Radio started, the AM service was on a temporary
    frequency of 539 metres (557 kHz). I am wondering where this frequency >>>> came from. Was it a previous BBC frequency? Was it an international
    (non-exclusive) allocation that could be used at low power? Or - as
    rumour has it - was it simply to block the pirate station Veronica?
    Was it used after it was vacated by Capital?


    557 was not mentioned for the UK in the 1948 Plan
    and it was not an international low-power frequency.
    As far as I know only 1493 and 1594 were such low-power frequencies.

    557 kHz was used by:
    Helsinki Finland 100kW
    Monte Ceneri Switzerland 50 kW
    Greifswald DDR 10 kW
    Craiova Rumania 20 kW
    Radio Veronica
    and some stations in Portugal, USSR and Egypt.
    Source: Wireless World Guide to Broadcasting Stations 17th edition (1973) >>>
    Only the Helsinki, the Monte Ceneri and the transmitter in
    Cairo Egypt were according to the 1948 Kopenhagen plan.
    The others were out of plan, maybe illegal !
    But not Veronica, because the 1948 plan did not apply outside
    territorial waters.

    Radio Veronica started 30 september 1972 at 13:00 Dutch time on 557.
    You can read everything about choosing the frequency
    and testing before 30 september here:
    https://www.norderney192.nl/historie/h-1972.html

    After a few months on 557 Veronica received information
    that a local transmitter was going to start in London.
    At the Norderney site you can find an audio recording of the IBA
    announcing that a local station will start on 557 kHz/539 metres.

    Some administrations consulted the countries with the plan transmitters
    before using the frequency.
    This is what NL did with Ireland and Hungary
    before starting Hilversum 3 on 1250 kHz in october 1965.
    Condition was that NL should use 1250 only at daytime.
    So Hilversum 3 stopped at 18:00 Dutch time on MW.

    I guess that the IBA did this too.

    Interesting but if it was as easy as this why did Northern Ireland
    wait until 1962 (?) for is own frequency? Why did they not just find a
    frequency and keep the power down and this would be unlikely to affect
    central Europe much.

    I do not understand your question.
    Do you say that Northern Ireland did not have a frequency before 1962?

    My understanding is that NI Region shared 261m with Northern Region,
    meaning that NI could not have its own programming after dark. 224m
    was used by the European Service. Again in my understanding, 224m was reallocated to NI in 1962 to allow it to have its own dedicated
    wavelength.
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