The orbital time of a GPS satellite is half a sidereal day,
or 43082.04525 UTC seconds (measured on the geoid).
The orbital time of a GPS satellite measured by a clock in
the satellite is 43082.04525(1 + 4.4647e-10) SI seconds.
On 11/2/2025 12:27 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:Quite correct!
The orbital time of a GPS satellite is half a sidereal day,
or 43082.04525 UTC seconds (measured on the geoid).
The orbital time of a GPS satellite measured by a clock in
the satellite is 43082.04525(1 + 4.4647e-10) SI seconds.
Weren't you insisting, not so long ago, that there
is no "UTC second" and UTC is applying SI second?
Wasn't it one of those "irrefutable facts" of yours
that time?
Den 26.02.2026 08:42, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 11/2/2025 12:27 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:Quite correct!
The orbital time of a GPS satellite is half a sidereal day,
or 43082.04525 UTC seconds (measured on the geoid).
The orbital time of a GPS satellite measured by a clock in the
satellite is 43082.04525(1 + 4.4647e-10) SI seconds.
This measurement confirms the prediction of GR.
Thanks for reminding us!
Den 26.02.2026 08:42, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 11/2/2025 12:27 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:Quite correct!
The orbital time of a GPS satellite is half a sidereal day,
or 43082.04525 UTC seconds (measured on the geoid).
The orbital time of a GPS satellite measured by a clock in
the satellite is 43082.04525(1 + 4.4647e-10) SI seconds.
This measurement confirms the prediction of GR.
Thanks for reminding us!
Weren't you insisting, not so long ago, that there
is no "UTC second" and UTC is applying SI second?
These are the facts I insist:
UTC is a coordinate time.
A UTC second is equal to a SI-second on the geoid only.
Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 26.02.2026 08:42, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 11/2/2025 12:27 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:Quite correct!
The orbital time of a GPS satellite is half a sidereal day,
or 43082.04525 UTC seconds (measured on the geoid).
The orbital time of a GPS satellite measured by a clock in the
satellite is 43082.04525(1 + 4.4647e-10) SI seconds.
This measurement confirms the prediction of GR.
Thanks for reminding us!
you may thank all you want, since is wrong. That's a combination of both
SR and GR, one of which is subtracted.
The 'nym-shifting troll trolled as "Joda Christakos":
Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 26.02.2026 08:42, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 11/2/2025 12:27 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:Quite correct!
> The orbital time of a GPS satellite is half a sidereal day,
> or 43082.04525 UTC seconds (measured on the geoid).
>
> The orbital time of a GPS satellite measured by a clock in the
> satellite is 43082.04525(1 + 4.4647e-10) SI seconds.
This measurement confirms the prediction of GR.
Thanks for reminding us!
you may thank all you want, since is wrong. That's a combination of both
SR and GR, one of which is subtracted.
This is an approximation that works for small masses, but it does not give the exact result. General relativity is not some addition to special relativity, it is a *generalization* of the former to a curved and dynamic a spacetime.
Both the so-called "special-relativistic" and "general-relativistic" contribution can be derived from the Schwarzschild metric assuming different conditions.
The 'nym-shifting troll trolled as "Joda Christakos":
Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 26.02.2026 08:42, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 11/2/2025 12:27 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:Quite correct!
The orbital time of a GPS satellite is half a sidereal day, or
43082.04525 UTC seconds (measured on the geoid).
The orbital time of a GPS satellite measured by a clock in the
satellite is 43082.04525(1 + 4.4647e-10) SI seconds.
This measurement confirms the prediction of GR.
Thanks for reminding us!
you may thank all you want, since is wrong. That's a combination of
both SR and GR, one of which is subtracted.
This is an approximation that works for small masses, but it does not
give the exact result. General relativity is not some addition to
special relativity, it is a *generalization* of the former to a curved
and dynamic a spacetime.
The 'nym-shifting troll trolled as "Joda Christakos":
Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 26.02.2026 08:42, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 11/2/2025 12:27 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:Quite correct!
> The orbital time of a GPS satellite is half a sidereal day,
> or 43082.04525 UTC seconds (measured on the geoid).
>
> The orbital time of a GPS satellite measured by a clock in the
> satellite is 43082.04525(1 + 4.4647e-10) SI seconds.
This measurement confirms the prediction of GR.
Thanks for reminding us!
you may thank all you want, since is wrong. That's a combination of both
SR and GR, one of which is subtracted.
This is an approximation that works for small masses, but it does not give the exact result. General relativity is not some addition to special relativity, it is a *generalization* of the former to a curved and dynamic a spacetime.
Both the so-called "special-relativistic" and "general-relativistic" contribution can be derived from the Schwarzschild metric assuming different conditions.
On 02/27/2026 12:41 PM, Thomas 'PointedEars' Lahn wrote:
The 'nym-shifting troll trolled as "Joda Christakos":
you may thank all you want, since is wrong. That's a combination of both >>> SR and GR, one of which is subtracted.
This is an approximation that works for small masses, but it does not give >> the exact result. General relativity is not some addition to special
relativity, it is a *generalization* of the former to a curved and dynamic a >> spacetime.
Both the so-called "special-relativistic" and "general-relativistic"
contribution can be derived from the Schwarzschild metric assuming different >> conditions.
Actually plenty of people have "GR first" and "SR is local".
Sometimes it's distinguished "GR and SR" and "STR and GTR".
Einstein's original mass-energy equivalency is simply enough
the truncated first-term of the Taylor series for the kinetic
energy,
not SR-ians
dog-fooding themselves.
Then, the "special" a.k.a. "restricted" relativity is
of limited relevance.
On 02/27/2026 12:41 PM, Thomas 'PointedEars' Lahn wrote:
The 'nym-shifting troll trolled as "Joda Christakos":
you may thank all you want, since is wrong. That's a combination of both >>> SR and GR, one of which is subtracted.
This is an approximation that works for small masses, but it does not give >> the exact result. General relativity is not some addition to special
relativity, it is a *generalization* of the former to a curved and dynamic a >> spacetime.
Both the so-called "special-relativistic" and "general-relativistic"
contribution can be derived from the Schwarzschild metric assuming different >> conditions.
Actually plenty of people have "GR first" and "SR is local".
Sometimes it's distinguished "GR and SR" and "STR and GTR".
Einstein's original mass-energy equivalency is simply enough
the truncated first-term of the Taylor series for the kinetic
energy,
not SR-ians
dog-fooding themselves.
Then, the "special" a.k.a. "restricted" relativity is
of limited relevance.
Ross Finlayson wrote:
On 02/27/2026 12:41 PM, Thomas 'PointedEars' Lahn wrote:
The 'nym-shifting troll trolled as "Joda Christakos":
you may thank all you want, since is wrong. That's a combination of both >>>> SR and GR, one of which is subtracted.
This is an approximation that works for small masses, but it does not give >>> the exact result. General relativity is not some addition to special
relativity, it is a *generalization* of the former to a curved and dynamic a
spacetime.
Both the so-called "special-relativistic" and "general-relativistic"
contribution can be derived from the Schwarzschild metric assuming different
conditions.
Actually plenty of people have "GR first" and "SR is local".
Nonsense, twice. You have no clue.
Sometimes it's distinguished "GR and SR" and "STR and GTR".
Merely labels for the same things. In Physics, "GR" is a common
abbreviation (as "general relativity" is a common term), and "SR" is less common (even though "special relativity" is a common term); "STR" (from "special theory of relativity") and "GTR" (from "general theory of relativity") are mostly found among laypeople (who have read popular-scientific or outdated books and are not aware that the shorthands are more common in the scientific community today), some of which are crackpots.
Einstein's original mass-energy equivalency is simply enough
the truncated first-term of the Taylor series for the kinetic
energy,
More precisely, the Maclaurin_ series because the term is expanded for v =
0. Anyhow, it only works for non-zero mass, whereas the energy--momentum relation works for mass equals zero (e.g. photons) as well. So that Einstein's approach worked there was more a mathematical coincidence.
Today we simply derive E_0 = E(p = 0) = m c^2 from the energy--momentum relation for a free particle in Minkowski space:
E^2 = m^2 c^4 + p^2 c^2.
(But the derivation of the latter equation is not trivial.)
not SR-ians
There are no people who call themselves "SR-ians", and noone except
crackpots use that term.
dog-fooding themselves.
Whatever that is supposed to mean :-D
Then, the "special" a.k.a. "restricted" relativity is
of limited relevance.
Nonsense. You could not read this if quantum field theories, which are special-relativistic theories, would not be relevant. None of modern technology would have, I daresay *could* have, been developed.
Ross Finlayson wrote:
On 02/27/2026 12:41 PM, Thomas 'PointedEars' Lahn wrote:
The 'nym-shifting troll trolled as "Joda Christakos":
you may thank all you want, since is wrong. That's a combination of both >>>> SR and GR, one of which is subtracted.
This is an approximation that works for small masses, but it does not give >>> the exact result. General relativity is not some addition to special
relativity, it is a *generalization* of the former to a curved and dynamic a
spacetime.
Both the so-called "special-relativistic" and "general-relativistic"
contribution can be derived from the Schwarzschild metric assuming different
conditions.
Actually plenty of people have "GR first" and "SR is local".
Nonsense, twice. You have no clue.
Sometimes it's distinguished "GR and SR" and "STR and GTR".
Merely labels for the same things. In Physics, "GR" is a common
abbreviation (as "general relativity" is a common term), and "SR" is less common (even though "special relativity" is a common term); "STR" (from "special theory of relativity") and "GTR" (from "general theory of relativity") are mostly found among laypeople (who have read popular-scientific or outdated books and are not aware that the shorthands are more common in the scientific community today), some of which are crackpots.
Einstein's original mass-energy equivalency is simply enough
the truncated first-term of the Taylor series for the kinetic
energy,
More precisely, the Maclaurin_ series because the term is expanded for v =
0. Anyhow, it only works for non-zero mass, whereas the energy--momentum relation works for mass equals zero (e.g. photons) as well. So that Einstein's approach worked there was more a mathematical coincidence.
Today we simply derive E_0 = E(p = 0) = m c^2 from the energy--momentum relation for a free particle in Minkowski space:
E^2 = m^2 c^4 + p^2 c^2.
(But the derivation of the latter equation is not trivial.)
not SR-ians
There are no people who call themselves "SR-ians", and noone except
crackpots use that term.
dog-fooding themselves.
Whatever that is supposed to mean :-D
Then, the "special" a.k.a. "restricted" relativity is
of limited relevance.
Nonsense. You could not read this if quantum field theories, which are special-relativistic theories, would not be relevant. None of modern technology would have, I daresay *could* have, been developed.
On 2/27/2026 2:38 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
UTC is a coordinate time.
A UTC second is equal to a SI-second on the geoid only.
Wanna a quoting where you insisted
that there is no "UTC second" at all
and The One And Only Second is SI second,
applied everywhere including UTC?
Den 27.02.2026 18:44, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 2/27/2026 2:38 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
UTC is a coordinate time.
A UTC second is equal to a SI-second on the geoid only.
Wanna a quoting where you insisted
that there is no "UTC second" at all
and The One And Only Second is SI second,
applied everywhere including UTC?
Yes, please.
I accept that you don't understand that to measure time
to a precision 1e-15 you must use an atomic clock which
has the very precise definition built in.
I also accept that you don't know that the institution
that has the definitions of units, including the second,
is The International System of Units (SI).
There is but one definition of second:
So whether you like it or not, this is the dentition used by all
who are measuring time in seconds.
On 2/28/2026 10:26 AM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 27.02.2026 18:44, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 2/27/2026 2:38 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
UTC is a coordinate time.
A UTC second is equal to a SI-second on the geoid only.
Wanna a quoting where you insisted
that there is no "UTC second" at all
and The One And Only Second is SI second,
applied everywhere including UTC?
Yes, please.
On 2/28/2026 10:26 AM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
I accept that you don't understand that to measure time
to a precision 1e-15 you must use an atomic clock which
has the very precise definition built in.
I also accept that you don't know that the institution
that has the definitions of units, including the second,
is The International System of Units (SI).
There is but one definition of second:
[..]
So whether you like it or not, this is the dentition used by all
who are measuring time in seconds.
You're welcome
pathetic piece of lying shit.
Le 28/02/2026 |a 11:17, Maciej Wo+|niak a |-crit :
On 2/28/2026 10:26 AM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 27.02.2026 18:44, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 2/27/2026 2:38 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
UTC is a coordinate time.
A UTC second is equal to a SI-second on the geoid only.
Wanna a quoting where you insisted
that there is no "UTC second" at all
and The One And Only Second is SI second,
applied everywhere including UTC?
Yes, please.
On 2/28/2026 10:26 AM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
I accept that you don't understand that to measure time
to a precision 1e-15 you must use an atomic clock which
has the very precise definition built in.
I also accept that you don't know that the institution
that has the definitions of units, including the second,
is The International System of Units (SI).
There is but one definition of second:
[..]
So whether you like it or not, this is the dentition used by all
who are measuring time in seconds.
You're welcome
So you've been, again, nailed on the wall, Maciej :-) ? So you've
snipped the answer, pathetic...
On 2/28/2026 10:26 AM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 27.02.2026 18:44, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 2/27/2026 2:38 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
UTC is a coordinate time.
A UTC second is equal to an SI-second on the geoid only.
Wanna a quoting where you insisted
that there is no "UTC second" at all
and The One And Only Second is SI second,
applied everywhere including UTC?
Yes, please.
On 2/28/2026 10:26 AM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
I accept that you don't understand that to measure time
to a precision 1e-15 you must use an atomic clock which
has the very precise definition built in.
I also accept that you don't know that the institution
that has the definitions of units, including the second,
is The International System of Units (SI).
There is but one definition of second:
[..]
So whether you like it or not, this is the definition used by all
who are measuring time in seconds.
You're welcome, you pathetic piece
of lying shit.
Den 28.02.2026 11:17, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 2/28/2026 10:26 AM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 27.02.2026 18:44, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 2/27/2026 2:38 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
UTC is a coordinate time.
A UTC second is equal to an SI-second on the geoid only.
Which means that a UTC second is longer than an SI-second
everywhere else.
Wanna a quoting where you insisted
that there is no "UTC second" at all
and The One And Only Second is SI second,
applied everywhere including UTC?
Yes, please.
On 2/28/2026 10:26 AM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
I accept that you don't understand that to measure time
to a precision 1e-15 you must use an atomic clock which
has the very precise definition built in.
I also accept that you don't know that the institution
that has the definitions of units, including the second,
is The International System of Units (SI).
There is but one definition of second:
[..]
So whether you like it or not, this is the definition used by all
who are measuring time in seconds.
You're welcome, you pathetic piece
of lying shit.
I see that you finally have accepted that the SI-definition
of second is used by all clocks which are measuring time in
seconds, and that atomic clocks has the SI-definition built in.
You are learning! Well done!
You used to say things like:
"I find it problematic that a bunch of religious
maniacs is lying it [the SI-definition] is more precise
- ignoring the facts anyone can check at GPS."
So you were implying that the GPS proves that the SI-definition
of second is less precise than the old definition that there
are 86400 seconds in a mean solar day. :-D
And you used to say that the SI-definition was like:
"You may easily write a definition of a shark
as a grass eater - but it won't force real
sharks to eat grass. Sorry, trash. You may
try, of course, enforcing your absurd newspeak
on the rest of the world. But it's not as easy
as Orwell wrote, and your church is too stupid
to succeed anyway."
...where "your absurd newspeak" is the SI-definition of second.
But now you know better, and you will not repeat your
stupidities above again, will you? :-D
------------------
BTW,
I note that you have not succeeded in finding a quoting
where I insist:
"that there is no 'UTC second' at all and the SI second,
is applied everywhere including UTC".
Is that because you have read:
https://paulba.no/pdf/Clock_rate.pdf
See 1.2.2.
So now you know what "coordinate time" is, and understand why a clock
in GPS orbit has to be adjusted down by the factor (1-4.4647e-10)
to stay in sync with UTC.
Right? :-D
Le 01/03/2026 |a 13:42, "Paul B. Andersen" a |-crit :
https://paulba.no/pdf/Clock_rate.pdf See 1.2.2.
So now you know what "coordinate time" is, and understand why a clock
in GPS orbit has to be adjusted down by the factor (1-4.4647e-10)
to stay in sync with UTC.
Right? :-D
You are very optimistic in assuming Wozniak could learn anything.
You are not charitable also, but he doesn't deserve that anyway. I tried
once to teach him SQL, in vain.
Den 28.02.2026 11:17, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 2/28/2026 10:26 AM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 27.02.2026 18:44, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 2/27/2026 2:38 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
UTC is a coordinate time.
A UTC second is equal to an SI-second on the geoid only.
Which means that a UTC second is longer than an SI-second
everywhere else.
On 01/03/2026 14:46, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 28.02.2026 11:17, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 2/28/2026 10:26 AM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 27.02.2026 18:44, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 2/27/2026 2:38 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
UTC is a coordinate time.
A UTC second is equal to an SI-second on the geoid only.
Which means that a UTC second is longer than an SI-second
everywhere else.
Not everywhere. Under the geoid (like in Dead See valley or in a deep
mine) the SI second is longer.
On 01/03/2026 14:46, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 28.02.2026 11:17, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 2/28/2026 10:26 AM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 27.02.2026 18:44, skrev Maciej Wo+|niak:
On 2/27/2026 2:38 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
UTC is a coordinate time.
A UTC second is equal to an SI-second on the geoid only.
Which means that a UTC second is longer than an SI-second
everywhere else.
Not everywhere. Under the geoid (like in Dead See valley or in a deep
mine) the SI second is longer.
These are the facts I insist:
UTC is a coordinate time.
Mikko wrote:
On 01/03/2026 14:46, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 28.02.2026 11:17, skrev Maciej Wo?niak:
On 2/28/2026 10:26 AM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
Den 27.02.2026 18:44, skrev Maciej Wo?niak:
On 2/27/2026 2:38 PM, Paul B. Andersen wrote:
UTC is a coordinate time.
A UTC second is equal to an SI-second on the geoid only.
Which means that a UTC second is longer than an SI-second
everywhere else.
Not everywhere. Under the geoid (like in Dead See valley or in a deep
mine) the SI second is longer.
Questionable, as the effective mass is smaller, too.
Paul B. Andersen wrote:
These are the facts I insist:
UTC is a coordinate time.
No, it is NOT, mainly because it includes leap seconds. UTC is a time _standard_; since 1972, it may be *calculated*, by subtracting leap
seconds,
from TAI which is the coordinate time scale on which it is based.
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