• =?UTF-8?B?UkU6IFJlOiBSYWlu?=

    From =?UTF-8?B?Y3ljbGludG9t?=@cyclintom@yahoo.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Fri Dec 26 16:59:28 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Tue Dec 23 04:57:50 2025 zen cycle wrote:
    On 12/21/2025 10:08 PM, Jeff Liebermann wrote:
    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:45:15 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    On Sat Dec 20 17:51:13 2025 John B. wrote:
    On Sat, 20 Dec 2025 18:33:07 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    Now the rain isn't expected until this evenimg. I'll be working on the bikes all day. I will start trying to take the bumps out of the Colnago wheels. I've already tried scrapeing the tubless sealant off the sealing faces of the rims. If anything, that made the problem worse.

    Well. it does take pure dishwashing soap and the tire isn't perfectly round,but it doesn't have those humps in it.. I used a nylon painter's brush and went from a dilute solution to the pure soap. and then I had to take it outside and hose it down really good to get the soap off of the tire and rim.

    Then I installed the wheels, brakes and deraillers on the Marin.like other quick release bikes there is a little extra play in the dropouts and you have to be careful to perfectly align The wheeols. I will change to 28mm tires in the future to have a little more clearance.

    Now I am waiting for a steeper stem since this is a 58 cm bike and I don't want a deep drop between the saddle and bars. I now think that I will strip the Fondriest and sell it as a bare frame snd let someone else deal with its problems. I have enough steel bikes. And the Marin is beautiful.

    I sold the 10-speed GRX group yesterday and that paid for the LTWoo R9 11 speed group.

    The slight shifting problem I was having on the Basso was corrected by aligning the reat wheel more carefully.


    Tell us Tom, with all this buying bikes, fixing bikes, selling bikes,
    it seems as you are really conducting a business there in your garage. >>> Do you pay tax on all this?

    Tell us John, why is it that you are unaware that I am not a declared business and private individuals do not pay taxes on used goods and yet are making such false claims without the slightest knowledge of Califonia laws?

    No business license? No taxes on private transactions? That's really amazing.

    City of San Leandro Business License: <https://www.sanleandro.org/340/Business-License>
    "Anyone conducting any type of business activity in the incorporated portion of the City of San Leandro is required to obtain a City
    business license prior to commencing any such activity."

    "California Use Tax Guide" <https://www.avalara.com/taxrates/en/state-rates/california/california-use-tax-guide.html>
    "When tangible personal property is purchased in California, sales tax
    is generally collected by the retailer at the point of sale. Should it
    not be collected or if goods are purchased out of state and no tax is collected, a use tax is likely due and it is up to the buyer to file
    it. Use tax is one of the most overlooked and misunderstood taxes."

    Starting a business in San Leandro: <https://www.sanleandrochamber.com/assets/pdf/Starting+a+Business+in+SL+Packet/>
    "Do I need a license if I work out of my home?
    Yes. Businesses operated out of the home require a business license
    and must comply with the City?s Zoning Ordinance."

    I wouldn't worry (much) about having tax collectors (and bounty
    hunters) banging on your garage door demanding payment for overdue
    taxes. At the likely small size of your business, it probably costs
    more for the various agencies and departments to collect and process
    your tax payments than they could likely collect. Howevef, if you
    begin to make large transactions, hire employees, or move into a
    proper office, you might as well get legal before you get caught.

    Incidentally, if the tax agencies and departments discover that you
    have millions of dollars in "investments", they might be tempted to
    ask where the millions came from, especially since you haven't worked
    since 1984 (Thoratec), according to your resume. You probably didn't
    make your millions buying and selling used bicycle parts.



    Don't you remember Jeff? Tommy has a brilliant "tax-free bond"
    investment strategy.
    Only Flunky believes that billion dollar tax funds specialing in tax free government bonds are illegal. Flunky, do you feel a need to impress us with your ignorance every day?
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From =?UTF-8?B?Y3ljbGludG9t?=@cyclintom@yahoo.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Fri Dec 26 17:06:18 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Tue Dec 23 08:52:04 2025 Jeff Liebermann wrote:
    On Tue, 23 Dec 2025 04:57:50 -0500, zen cycle
    <funkmasterxx@hotmail.com> wrote:

    On 12/21/2025 10:08 PM, Jeff Liebermann wrote:
    (...)
    Incidentally, if the tax agencies and departments discover that you
    have millions of dollars in "investments", they might be tempted to
    ask where the millions came from, especially since you haven't worked
    since 1984 (Thoratec), according to your resume. You probably didn't
    make your millions buying and selling used bicycle parts.

    Don't you remember Jeff? Tommy has a brilliant "tax-free bond"
    investment strategy.

    Thanks. I remembered, but failed to find the specific article where
    Tom claimed his investments were not taxable. I try to avoid making accusations without having substantiating evidence. However, I just
    searched again and found a suitable quote (there were several):

    08/15/2023 <https://groups.google.com/g/rec.bicycles.tech/c/qMylsLSMx_A/m/B_hJoZNfAQAJ> "I am making $40,000 a MONTH in interest. on my investments which are
    now in protected tax free bond funds."


    My comments on Tom's alleged $40,000/month interest income:

    08/15/2023 <https://groups.google.com/g/rec.bicycles.tech/c/qMylsLSMx_A/m/_fWCL5xkAQAJ> >...I am making $40,000 a MONTH in interest. on my
    investments which are now in protected tax free bond funds.

    Congratulations. Let's see if the numbers work. AAA rated, 10 year,
    tax free municipal bonds are currently paying 2.70% interest: <https://www.fmsbonds.com/market-yields/>

    $40,000/month, at 2.7% compounded monthly, for 10 years, will require
    a principal of $4,500,000. <https://www.calculator.net/interest-calculator.html?cstartingprinciple=3d0&cannualaddition=3d0&cmonthlyaddition=3d40%2C000&cadditionat1=3dbeginning&cinterestrate=3d2.7&ccompound=3dmonthly&cyears=3d10&cmonths=3d0&ctaxtrate=3d0&cinflationrate=3d0&printit=3d0&x=3dCalculate#interestresults>

    Last time you boasted how much you were worth, it was about $1.75
    million.

    03/05/2023 <https://groups.google.com/g/rec.bicycles.tech/c/JG80Gv6eFz4/m/I5iXXkCRAgAJ> "... I am worth a million and 3/4 dollars. Exactly what are you
    worth?"

    So, either you robbed a bank for the extra $2.75 million or you're
    lying as usual. Occam's Razor should make the choice easy.
    Lieberman, tell us all why this fund does not exist. https://advisors.vanguard.com/investments/products/vwlux/vanguard-long-term-tax-exempt-fund-admiral-shares?cmpgn=3dFAS:PS:XX:LF:20250101:BG:DM:LB~FAS_VN~BG_KC~NB_PR~LF_UN~AFIProduct_MT~Phrase_AT~None_EX~None:None:NONE:NONE:KW:LongTermTaxExemptFund&=3dnull&msclkid=3d7ad9c9785e931613e1a0a036e1deed93&gclid=3d7ad9c9785e931613e1a0a036e1deed93&gclsrc=3d3p.ds&gad_source=3d7&gad_campaignid=3d21742095753
    You and Flunky have willed yourselves into poverty.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From =?UTF-8?B?Y3ljbGludG9t?=@cyclintom@yahoo.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Fri Dec 26 17:19:21 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Wed Dec 24 12:46:58 2025 Jeff Liebermann wrote:
    On Tue, 23 Dec 2025 11:29:12 -0600, AMuzi <am@yellowjersey.org> wrote:

    On 12/23/2025 11:18 AM, Jeff Liebermann wrote:
    On Tue, 23 Dec 2025 08:52:04 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    On Tue, 23 Dec 2025 04:57:50 -0500, zen cycle
    <funkmasterxx@hotmail.com> wrote:

    On 12/21/2025 10:08 PM, Jeff Liebermann wrote:
    (...)
    Incidentally, if the tax agencies and departments discover that you >>>>> have millions of dollars in "investments", they might be tempted to >>>>> ask where the millions came from, especially since you haven't worked >>>>> since 1984 (Thoratec), according to your resume. You probably didn't >>>>> make your millions buying and selling used bicycle parts.

    Don't you remember Jeff? Tommy has a brilliant "tax-free bond"
    investment strategy.

    Thanks. I remembered, but failed to find the specific article where
    Tom claimed his investments were not taxable. I try to avoid making
    accusations without having substantiating evidence. However, I just
    searched again and found a suitable quote (there were several):

    08/15/2023
    <https://groups.google.com/g/rec.bicycles.tech/c/qMylsLSMx_A/m/B_hJoZNfAQAJ>
    "I am making $40,000 a MONTH in interest. on my investments which are
    now in protected tax free bond funds."

    (Chomp)

    Tom's "tax-free bond" is not the only income that Tom has been
    avoiding:
    <https://www.schwab.com/taxes/investment-related-taxes>
    There are different taxes on capital gains, dividends, and interest
    income. Capital gains is interesting because Tom would be required to
    pay taxes on the increased value of his investments, even if he hasn't
    sold those investments and converted his gains to cash. Or more
    simply, he pays the tax before he receives the profits on which the
    tax is based.

    "Investment income taxes"
    <https://www.schwab.com/taxes/investment-related-taxes>

    If that's not enough, Tom's $40,000/month income ($480,000/year) is
    more than double the threshold where he is required to pay NIIT (Net
    Investment Income Tax):
    <https://www.irs.gov/taxtopics/tc559>
    <<https://www.schwab.com/taxes/investment-related-taxes#panel--text-38646>>

    Hmmm... if I do this correctly, I might collect a 15% to 30% of
    collections reward for discovering a tax evader:
    "Whistleblower Office"
    <https://www.irs.gov/compliance/whistleblower-office>




    Uh, that's not right. Unrealized (theoretical, a.k.a.
    'paper') gains are not taxable.

    https://taxsharkinc.com/are-unrealized-capital-gains-taxable/

    Attempts to assess unrealized gains are ongoing, also
    described as a 'wealth' tax as opposed to an 'income' tax.
    So far to little effect.

    Oops. I was totally wrong about taxing unrealized gain. I think I
    know where that came from, but that's no excuse for me speed reading
    and then misinterpreting the Schwab article on investment taxes. My apologies and thanks for the correction.

    Using Microsoft Pilot AI, I found some situations where unrealized
    paper profits are taxable. Mutual funds and phantom income from
    private funds and partnerships. Besides not trusting AI advice, I'm
    not sure I understand these taxes function.

    Grumble...
    Liebermann, now it is OK for you to make mistakes but not me? Why is it that you know nothing about investing but talk about as an expert? I'm not an expert on jnvesting but with bare essentials I am comfortably retired. Why did you throw away so much money fur no return?
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From =?UTF-8?B?Y3ljbGludG9t?=@cyclintom@yahoo.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Fri Dec 26 17:34:39 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Sun Dec 21 09:01:11 2025 AMuzi wrote:

    In concept, Mr Kunich is no different from many enthusiasts
    who take enjoyment from building bicycles, swapping parts
    around, buying and selling. Other riders ride the same
    machine with minimal equipment changes for decades and
    neither man is wrong about his tastes.

    In practice, reading the manufacturer's instructions before
    diving in would save frustration and time, but then again
    people like what they like.
    One of the major problems is that the entire part of my memory concerning materials was lost in my concussive brain injury, andI have had to relearn it. The same learning curve you went through so many years ago, I've had to repeat. I now know why my faorite bike was a Basso Gap. Plus technology has moved on and I've had to learned that. When I recieved my concussion, there was no such thing as a BB30.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Jeff Liebermann@jeffl@cruzio.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Fri Dec 26 09:41:11 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Fri, 26 Dec 2025 17:19:21 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    Liebermann, now it is OK for you to make mistakes but not me?

    Because I admit making mistakes, apologize, offer corrections and
    thank the person who pointed out my mistakes. You don't.
    --
    Jeff Liebermann jeffl@cruzio.com
    PO Box 272 http://www.LearnByDestroying.com
    Ben Lomond CA 95005-0272 AE6KS 831-336-2558

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Jeff Liebermann@jeffl@cruzio.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Fri Dec 26 10:01:46 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Fri, 26 Dec 2025 17:06:18 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    On Tue Dec 23 08:52:04 2025 Jeff Liebermann wrote:
    On Tue, 23 Dec 2025 04:57:50 -0500, zen cycle
    <funkmasterxx@hotmail.com> wrote:

    On 12/21/2025 10:08 PM, Jeff Liebermann wrote:
    (...)
    Incidentally, if the tax agencies and departments discover that you
    have millions of dollars in "investments", they might be tempted to
    ask where the millions came from, especially since you haven't worked
    since 1984 (Thoratec), according to your resume. You probably didn't
    make your millions buying and selling used bicycle parts.

    Don't you remember Jeff? Tommy has a brilliant "tax-free bond"
    investment strategy.

    Thanks. I remembered, but failed to find the specific article where
    Tom claimed his investments were not taxable. I try to avoid making
    accusations without having substantiating evidence. However, I just
    searched again and found a suitable quote (there were several):

    08/15/2023
    <https://groups.google.com/g/rec.bicycles.tech/c/qMylsLSMx_A/m/B_hJoZNfAQAJ> >> "I am making $40,000 a MONTH in interest. on my investments which are
    now in protected tax free bond funds."


    My comments on Tom's alleged $40,000/month interest income:

    08/15/2023
    <https://groups.google.com/g/rec.bicycles.tech/c/qMylsLSMx_A/m/_fWCL5xkAQAJ> >> >...I am making $40,000 a MONTH in interest. on my
    investments which are now in protected tax free bond funds.

    Congratulations. Let's see if the numbers work. AAA rated, 10 year,
    tax free municipal bonds are currently paying 2.70% interest:
    <https://www.fmsbonds.com/market-yields/>

    $40,000/month, at 2.7% compounded monthly, for 10 years, will require
    a principal of $4,500,000.
    <https://www.calculator.net/interest-calculator.html?cstartingprinciple=0&cannualaddition=0&cmonthlyaddition=40%2C000&cadditionat1=beginning&cinterestrate=2.7&ccompound=monthly&cyears=10&cmonths=0&ctaxtrate=0&cinflationrate=0&printit=0&x=Calculate#interestresults>

    Last time you boasted how much you were worth, it was about $1.75
    million.

    03/05/2023
    <https://groups.google.com/g/rec.bicycles.tech/c/JG80Gv6eFz4/m/I5iXXkCRAgAJ> >> "... I am worth a million and 3/4 dollars. Exactly what are you
    worth?"

    So, either you robbed a bank for the extra $2.75 million or you're
    lying as usual. Occam's Razor should make the choice easy.




    Lieberman, tell us all why this fund does not exist. https://advisors.vanguard.com/investments/products/vwlux/vanguard-long-term-tax-exempt-fund-admiral-shares?cmpgn=FAS:PS:XX:LF:20250101:BG:DM:LB~FAS_VN~BG_KC~NB_PR~LF_UN~AFIProduct_MT~Phrase_AT~None_EX~None:None:NONE:NONE:KW:LongTermTaxExemptFund&=null&msclkid=7ad9c9785e931613e1a0a036e1deed93&gclid=7ad9c9785e931613e1a0a036e1deed93&gclsrc=3p.ds&gad_source=7&gad_campaignid=21742095753

    Because the VWLUX fund invests in municipal bonds, which are typically
    tax exempt:
    "Municipal Bond Basics" <https://www.msrb.org/Education/Municipal-Bond-Basics-0>
    "Municipal bonds are generally referred to as tax-exempt bonds because
    the interest earned on the bonds often is excluded from gross income
    for federal income tax purposes and, in some cases, is also exempt
    from state and local income taxes."

    Also, there's no way your alleged investments can earn $40,000/month
    (or $480,000/year) on municipal bonds: <https://advisors.vanguard.com/investments/products/vwlux/vanguard-long-term-tax-exempt-fund-admiral-shares?cmpgn=FAS%3APS%3AXX%3ALF%3A20250101%3ABG%3ADM%3ALB~FAS_VN~BG_KC~NB_PR~LF_UN~AFIProduct_MT~Phrase_AT~None_EX~None%3ANone%3ANONE%3ANONE%3AKW%3ALongTermTaxExemptFund&=null&gclsrc=3p.ds&gad_source=7&gad_campaignid=21742095753#performance>
    With a yield of 2.3% /year and ignoring compounding because I'm too
    lazy to do the math, your alleged $1.75 million investment would yield
    about $40,250 per year, not per month.

    You and Flunky have willed yourselves into poverty.

    Where there's a will, there's usually a way.
    --
    Jeff Liebermann jeffl@cruzio.com
    PO Box 272 http://www.LearnByDestroying.com
    Ben Lomond CA 95005-0272 AE6KS 831-336-2558

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Mark J cleary@mcleary08@comcast.net to rec.bicycles.tech on Fri Dec 26 13:57:24 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On 12/26/2025 11:34 AM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Sun Dec 21 09:01:11 2025 AMuzi wrote:

    In concept, Mr Kunich is no different from many enthusiasts
    who take enjoyment from building bicycles, swapping parts
    around, buying and selling. Other riders ride the same
    machine with minimal equipment changes for decades and
    neither man is wrong about his tastes.

    In practice, reading the manufacturer's instructions before
    diving in would save frustration and time, but then again
    people like what they like.




    One of the major problems is that the entire part of my memory concerning materials was lost in my concussive brain injury, andI have had to relearn it. The same learning curve you went through so many years ago, I've had to repeat. I now know why my faorite bike was a Basso Gap. Plus technology has moved on and I've had to learned that. When I recieved my concussion, there was no such thing as a BB30.
    How far did you go?
    --
    Deacon Mark
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From =?UTF-8?B?Y3ljbGludG9t?=@cyclintom@yahoo.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Sat Dec 27 20:48:53 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Tue Dec 23 05:02:06 2025 zen cycle wrote:
    On 12/20/2025 8:51 PM, John B. wrote:
    On Sat, 20 Dec 2025 18:33:07 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    Now the rain isn't expected until this evenimg. I'll be working on the bikes all day. I will start trying to take the bumps out of the Colnago wheels. I've already tried scrapeing the tubless sealant off the sealing faces of the rims. If anything, that made the problem worse.

    Well. it does take pure dishwashing soap and the tire isn't perfectly round,but it doesn't have those humps in it.. I used a nylon painter's brush and went from a dilute solution to the pure soap. and then I had to take it outside and hose it down really good to get the soap off of the tire and rim.

    Then I installed the wheels, brakes and deraillers on the Marin.like other quick release bikes there is a little extra play in the dropouts and you have to be careful to perfectly align The wheeols. I will change to 28mm tires in the future to have a little more clearance.

    Now I am waiting for a steeper stem since this is a 58 cm bike and I don't want a deep drop between the saddle and bars. I now think that I will strip the Fondriest and sell it as a bare frame snd let someone else deal with its problems. I have enough steel bikes. And the Marin is beautiful.

    I sold the 10-speed GRX group yesterday and that paid for the LTWoo R9 11 speed group.

    The slight shifting problem I was having on the Basso was corrected by aligning the reat wheel more carefully.


    Tell us Tom, with all this buying bikes, fixing bikes, selling bikes,
    it seems as you are really conducting a business there in your garage.
    Do you pay tax on all this?


    Even in California, he'd have to be conducting a lot more
    business/revenue before it would qualify as a business.
    Well yes, but you'd also have to have a business license. What's the matter with you? Are you beginning to grow some ethics? That is a good thing and the world would notice. It would be a very good idea if strings about bicycles were about bicycles.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From =?UTF-8?B?Y3ljbGludG9t?=@cyclintom@yahoo.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Sat Dec 27 20:56:35 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Fri Dec 26 10:01:46 2025 Jeff Liebermann wrote:
    On Fri, 26 Dec 2025 17:06:18 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    On Tue Dec 23 08:52:04 2025 Jeff Liebermann wrote:
    On Tue, 23 Dec 2025 04:57:50 -0500, zen cycle
    <funkmasterxx@hotmail.com> wrote:

    On 12/21/2025 10:08 PM, Jeff Liebermann wrote:
    (...)
    Incidentally, if the tax agencies and departments discover that you
    have millions of dollars in "investments", they might be tempted to
    ask where the millions came from, especially since you haven't worked >> >> since 1984 (Thoratec), according to your resume. You probably didn't >> >> make your millions buying and selling used bicycle parts.

    Don't you remember Jeff? Tommy has a brilliant "tax-free bond"
    investment strategy.

    Thanks. I remembered, but failed to find the specific article where
    Tom claimed his investments were not taxable. I try to avoid making
    accusations without having substantiating evidence. However, I just
    searched again and found a suitable quote (there were several):

    08/15/2023
    <https://groups.google.com/g/rec.bicycles.tech/c/qMylsLSMx_A/m/B_hJoZNfAQAJ>
    "I am making $40,000 a MONTH in interest. on my investments which are
    now in protected tax free bond funds."


    My comments on Tom's alleged $40,000/month interest income:

    08/15/2023
    <https://groups.google.com/g/rec.bicycles.tech/c/qMylsLSMx_A/m/_fWCL5xkAQAJ>
    ...I am making $40,000 a MONTH in interest. on my
    investments which are now in protected tax free bond funds.

    Congratulations. Let's see if the numbers work. AAA rated, 10 year,
    tax free municipal bonds are currently paying 2.70% interest:
    <https://www.fmsbonds.com/market-yields/>

    $40,000/month, at 2.7% compounded monthly, for 10 years, will require
    a principal of $4,500,000.
    <https://www.calculator.net/interest-calculator.html?cstartingprinciple=3d0&cannualaddition=3d0&cmonthlyaddition=3d40%2C000&cadditionat1=3dbeginning&cinterestrate=3d2.7&ccompound=3dmonthly&cyears=3d10&cmonths=3d0&ctaxtrate=3d0&cinflationrate=3d0&printit=3d0&x=3dCalculate#interestresults>

    Last time you boasted how much you were worth, it was about $1.75
    million.

    03/05/2023
    <https://groups.google.com/g/rec.bicycles.tech/c/JG80Gv6eFz4/m/I5iXXkCRAgAJ>
    "... I am worth a million and 3/4 dollars. Exactly what are you
    worth?"

    So, either you robbed a bank for the extra $2.75 million or you're
    lying as usual. Occam's Razor should make the choice easy.




    Lieberman, tell us all why this fund does not exist. https://advisors.vanguard.com/investments/products/vwlux/vanguard-long-term-tax-exempt-fund-admiral-shares?cmpgn=3dFAS:PS:XX:LF:20250101:BG:DM:LB~FAS_VN~BG_KC~NB_PR~LF_UN~AFIProduct_MT~Phrase_AT~None_EX~None:None:NONE:NONE:KW:LongTermTaxExemptFund&=3dnull&msclkid=3d7ad9c9785e931613e1a0a036e1deed93&gclid=3d7ad9c9785e931613e1a0a036e1deed93&gclsrc=3d3p.ds&gad_source=3d7&gad_campaignid=3d21742095753

    Because the VWLUX fund invests in municipal bonds, which are typically
    tax exempt:
    "Municipal Bond Basics" <https://www.msrb.org/Education/Municipal-Bond-Basics-0>
    "Municipal bonds are generally referred to as tax-exempt bonds because
    the interest earned on the bonds often is excluded from gross income
    for federal income tax purposes and, in some cases, is also exempt
    from state and local income taxes."

    Also, there's no way your alleged investments can earn $40,000/month
    (or $480,000/year) on municipal bonds: <https://advisors.vanguard.com/investments/products/vwlux/vanguard-long-term-tax-exempt-fund-admiral-shares?cmpgn=3dFAS%3APS%3AXX%3ALF%3A20250101%3ABG%3ADM%3ALB~FAS_VN~BG_KC~NB_PR~LF_UN~AFIProduct_MT~Phrase_AT~None_EX~None%3ANone%3ANONE%3ANONE%3AKW%3ALongTermTaxExemptFund&=3dnull&gclsrc=3d3p.ds&gad_source=3d7&gad_campaignid=3d21742095753#performance>
    With a yield of 2.3% /year and ignoring compounding because I'm too
    lazy to do the math, your alleged $1.75 million investment would yield
    about $40,250 per year, not per month.

    You and Flunky have willed yourselves into poverty.

    Where there's a will, there's usually a way.
    Liebermann, exactly what do you know about tax exemption? You have never made enough to pay taxes except when you were employed as a quality control signature.
    At what point in your life are you going to realize that talking out of turn is doing nothing but showing people what you are? I suppose never since the entire electronics business has told you off and you are still doing it.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From =?UTF-8?B?Y3ljbGludG9t?=@cyclintom@yahoo.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Sat Dec 27 21:03:18 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Fri Dec 26 09:41:11 2025 Jeff Liebermann wrote:
    On Fri, 26 Dec 2025 17:19:21 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    Liebermann, now it is OK for you to make mistakes but not me?

    Because I admit making mistakes, apologize, offer corrections and
    thank the person who pointed out my mistakes. You don't.
    Liebermann, your entire life is a mistake and you do not appologize for that but continue on doing the same things over and over. Haven't you scerwed yourself up enough? Why don't you telol everyone how smart you are because you can quote "fact checkers" who themselve make you look almost of normal intelligence?
    Stop showing everyone your ignorance. In fact stop posting on a bicycle group when you're not a cyclist.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From =?UTF-8?B?Y3ljbGludG9t?=@cyclintom@yahoo.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Sat Dec 27 21:15:46 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Fri Dec 26 13:57:24 2025 Mark J cleary wrote:
    On 12/26/2025 11:34 AM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Sun Dec 21 09:01:11 2025 AMuzi wrote:

    In concept, Mr Kunich is no different from many enthusiasts
    who take enjoyment from building bicycles, swapping parts
    around, buying and selling. Other riders ride the same
    machine with minimal equipment changes for decades and
    neither man is wrong about his tastes.

    In practice, reading the manufacturer's instructions before
    diving in would save frustration and time, but then again
    people like what they like.




    One of the major problems is that the entire part of my memory concerning materials was lost in my concussive brain injury, andI have had to relearn it. The same learning curve you went through so many years ago, I've had to repeat. I now know why my faorite bike was a Basso Gap. Plus technology has moved on and I've had to learned that. When I recieved my concussion, there was no such thing as a BB30.
    How far did you go?
    I was completely blanked out from 2010 to most of 2012. It took me the better part of 10 years to recover many memories and many were never recovered - I can't remember my mother or father dying in the 2000's though I was working all that time. I paid for my mother's staying in an assisted care center, and visited her as often as possible. My father was on Railroad retirement and so was able and conscious enough to take care of himself even though near the end he was on full time O2 because of emphasyma.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Jeff Liebermann@jeffl@cruzio.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Sat Dec 27 14:36:56 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Sat, 27 Dec 2025 21:15:46 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    I was completely blanked out from 2010 to most of 2012. It took me the better part of 10 years to recover many memories and many were never recovered - I can't remember my mother or father dying in the 2000's though I was working all that time. I paid for my mother's staying in an assisted care center, and visited her as often as possible. My father was on Railroad retirement and so was able and conscious enough to take care of himself even though near the end he was on full time O2 because of emphasyma.

    Your father died in 1987. <https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-10002-88144066/john-a-kunich-in-us-social-security-death-index-ssdi>

    You were sufficiently functional in 2010 to be awarded with a DUI: <https://www.localcrimenews.com/welcome/detail/44604354/thomas-h-kunich-arrest.htm>
    followed by a no-show: <https://www.localcrimenews.com/welcome/detail/49646718/thomas-h-kunich-arrest.html>

    After paying for your mothers assisted care, the family left your name
    off her obituaries: <https://www.grissomsmortuary.com/obituaries/detail/violet-kunich> <https://www.echovita.com/us/obituaries/ca/san-leandro/violet-kunich-8572417> --
    Jeff Liebermann jeffl@cruzio.com
    PO Box 272 http://www.LearnByDestroying.com
    Ben Lomond CA 95005-0272 AE6KS 831-336-2558

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From =?UTF-8?B?Y3ljbGludG9t?=@cyclintom@yahoo.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Sun Dec 28 00:56:26 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Mon Dec 22 16:52:09 2025 John B. wrote:
    On Mon, 22 Dec 2025 12:15:57 -0600, AMuzi <am@yellowjersey.org> wrote:

    On 12/22/2025 12:12 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 05:45:22 2025 Catrike Ryder wrote:
    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 23:44:17 -0800, John B.
    <jbslocomb@fictitious.site> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:16:12 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com> >>>> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:08:16 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com> >>>>> wrote:

    Starting a business in San Leandro:
    <https://www.sanleandrochamber.com/assets/pdf/Starting+a+Business+in+SL+Packet/>
    "Do I need a license if I work out of my home?
    Yes. Businesses operated out of the home require a business license >>>>>> and must comply with the City?s Zoning Ordinance."

    More:
    "Prior to starting a home-based business, owners must read and sign a >>>>> Home Occupation Permit Agreement, which includes specific conditions >>>>> of agreement."


    Over the years I've come across people who aren't formally employed
    that simply do jobs for others and receive money for doing it. When I >>>> was in high school a classmate mowed lawns. He had his own lawn mower >>>> and worked 6 days a week mowing lawns, we were all Jealous as he saved >>>> enough that he bought his own auto the day he turned 16 and could have >>>> a driver's license.

    I've done similar things when I was working, gone out and surveyed a >>>> potential project and advised people how to do the work and even
    suggested people to do the project for them and received a very nice >>>> 'gift' for doing so.

    Does the U.S. let you get away with doing that tax free as a way of
    life...... I suspect, from your posts that you may be familiar with
    this sort of problem (;-)

    You might not get away with it if the entity that's paying you is
    claiming and deducting the payment as an expence. Otherwise getting
    paid "under the table" is pretty common for "odd jobs."




    Is it your belief that my selling my personal car or bicycle constitutes a business? I find it humourous that failure of a human being will lie about anything.

    From reports here, you do not meet the standard for a
    business. There are rules and tests (of long standing):

    https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/heres-how-to-tell-the-difference-between-a-hobby-and-a-business-for-tax-purposes

    Lets see... at one time I was in the Air Force, worked
    weekends for a local company and built custom rifles in my spare time....... (:-)
    I'll take your word fopr it but tell me how you rifled a barre. Cheaper modern guns often have the rifling stamped in and you certainly aren't going to do that. So I will assume that you bought the mechanism and are really saying that you built the stock. I have the woodworking skills and the knowledge and I also know what is necessary to build a match grade rifle. For that grade of rifle the barrel has to be virtually free floating forward of the loading mechanism. It is very difficult to make a repeatring rifle match grade. I have shot out to 600 yards using match grade but my eyesight though quite good was never good enough to use open sights beyond 600 yards. I did see a Marine sniper practicing at 1250 yards and he could put everything on the one meter target. Shooting as a real sniper with time to burn, I imagine he could have put everything in the center ring.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From John B.@jbslocomb@fictitious.site to rec.bicycles.tech on Sat Dec 27 18:08:40 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 00:56:26 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    On Mon Dec 22 16:52:09 2025 John B. wrote:
    On Mon, 22 Dec 2025 12:15:57 -0600, AMuzi <am@yellowjersey.org> wrote:

    On 12/22/2025 12:12 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 05:45:22 2025 Catrike Ryder wrote:
    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 23:44:17 -0800, John B.
    <jbslocomb@fictitious.site> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:16:12 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com> >> >>>> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:08:16 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com> >> >>>>> wrote:

    Starting a business in San Leandro:
    <https://www.sanleandrochamber.com/assets/pdf/Starting+a+Business+in+SL+Packet/>
    "Do I need a license if I work out of my home?
    Yes. Businesses operated out of the home require a business license >> >>>>>> and must comply with the City?s Zoning Ordinance."

    More:
    "Prior to starting a home-based business, owners must read and sign a >> >>>>> Home Occupation Permit Agreement, which includes specific conditions >> >>>>> of agreement."


    Over the years I've come across people who aren't formally employed
    that simply do jobs for others and receive money for doing it. When I >> >>>> was in high school a classmate mowed lawns. He had his own lawn mower >> >>>> and worked 6 days a week mowing lawns, we were all Jealous as he saved >> >>>> enough that he bought his own auto the day he turned 16 and could have >> >>>> a driver's license.

    I've done similar things when I was working, gone out and surveyed a
    potential project and advised people how to do the work and even
    suggested people to do the project for them and received a very nice
    'gift' for doing so.

    Does the U.S. let you get away with doing that tax free as a way of
    life...... I suspect, from your posts that you may be familiar with
    this sort of problem (;-)

    You might not get away with it if the entity that's paying you is
    claiming and deducting the payment as an expence. Otherwise getting
    paid "under the table" is pretty common for "odd jobs."




    Is it your belief that my selling my personal car or bicycle constitutes a business? I find it humourous that failure of a human being will lie about anything.

    From reports here, you do not meet the standard for a
    business. There are rules and tests (of long standing):

    https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/heres-how-to-tell-the-difference-between-a-hobby-and-a-business-for-tax-purposes

    Lets see... at one time I was in the Air Force, worked
    weekends for a local company and built custom rifles in my spare
    time....... (:-)




    I'll take your word fopr it but tell me how you rifled a barre. Cheaper modern guns often have the rifling stamped in and you certainly aren't going to do that. So I will assume that you bought the mechanism and are really saying that you built the stock. I have the woodworking skills and the knowledge and I also know what is necessary to build a match grade rifle. For that grade of rifle the barrel has to be virtually free floating forward of the loading mechanism. It is very difficult to make a repeatring rifle match grade. I have shot out to 600 yards using match grade but my eyesight though quite good was never good enough to use open sights beyond 600 yards. I did see a Marine sniper practicing at 1250 yards and he could put everything on the one meter target. Shooting as a real sniper with time to burn, I imagine he could have put everything in the center ring.

    Well, lets see...
    Barrels, rifling barrels is a complex project so I, as most custom
    makers do, bought what we called rifled blanks, a straight piece of
    round steel that has been bored and rifled to the size and pitch that
    we want. We then machine it to the required outside diameter and
    length, thread the butt end externally and machine the chamber to fit
    the requested cartridge and screw it into the "action".

    Stocks, most buy semi configured stocks and cut them to the required
    size and shape and finally checker and finish it.

    Free floating, usually yes but I've built very light guns that because
    of the extra light barrels shot better with a bit of pressure on the
    barrel.

    Triggers, triggers come in all sorts of sharps and sizes, Fit what you
    think the customer may like or what he specifies.

    Accuracy, general specified as size of 5 shot group at 100 yards.

    Long distance shooting.... very dependent on wind conditions.


    --
    cheers,

    John B.

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From AMuzi@am@yellowjersey.org to rec.bicycles.tech on Sun Dec 28 09:10:36 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On 12/27/2025 6:56 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 16:52:09 2025 John B. wrote:
    On Mon, 22 Dec 2025 12:15:57 -0600, AMuzi <am@yellowjersey.org> wrote:

    On 12/22/2025 12:12 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 05:45:22 2025 Catrike Ryder wrote:
    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 23:44:17 -0800, John B.
    <jbslocomb@fictitious.site> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:16:12 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com> >>>>>> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:08:16 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com> >>>>>>> wrote:

    Starting a business in San Leandro:
    <https://www.sanleandrochamber.com/assets/pdf/Starting+a+Business+in+SL+Packet/>
    "Do I need a license if I work out of my home?
    Yes. Businesses operated out of the home require a business license >>>>>>>> and must comply with the City?s Zoning Ordinance."

    More:
    "Prior to starting a home-based business, owners must read and sign a >>>>>>> Home Occupation Permit Agreement, which includes specific conditions >>>>>>> of agreement."


    Over the years I've come across people who aren't formally employed >>>>>> that simply do jobs for others and receive money for doing it. When I >>>>>> was in high school a classmate mowed lawns. He had his own lawn mower >>>>>> and worked 6 days a week mowing lawns, we were all Jealous as he saved >>>>>> enough that he bought his own auto the day he turned 16 and could have >>>>>> a driver's license.

    I've done similar things when I was working, gone out and surveyed a >>>>>> potential project and advised people how to do the work and even
    suggested people to do the project for them and received a very nice >>>>>> 'gift' for doing so.

    Does the U.S. let you get away with doing that tax free as a way of >>>>>> life...... I suspect, from your posts that you may be familiar with >>>>>> this sort of problem (;-)

    You might not get away with it if the entity that's paying you is
    claiming and deducting the payment as an expence. Otherwise getting
    paid "under the table" is pretty common for "odd jobs."




    Is it your belief that my selling my personal car or bicycle constitutes a business? I find it humourous that failure of a human being will lie about anything.

    From reports here, you do not meet the standard for a
    business. There are rules and tests (of long standing):

    https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/heres-how-to-tell-the-difference-between-a-hobby-and-a-business-for-tax-purposes

    Lets see... at one time I was in the Air Force, worked
    weekends for a local company and built custom rifles in my spare
    time....... (:-)




    I'll take your word fopr it but tell me how you rifled a barre. Cheaper modern guns often have the rifling stamped in and you certainly aren't going to do that. So I will assume that you bought the mechanism and are really saying that you built the stock. I have the woodworking skills and the knowledge and I also know what is necessary to build a match grade rifle. For that grade of rifle the barrel has to be virtually free floating forward of the loading mechanism. It is very difficult to make a repeatring rifle match grade. I have shot out to 600 yards using match grade but my eyesight though quite good was never good enough to use open sights beyond 600 yards. I did see a Marine sniper practicing at 1250 yards and he could put everything on the one meter target. Shooting as a real sniper with time to burn, I imagine he could have put everything in the center ring.

    Since you are unfamiliar with rifles, a rifle barrel is a
    standard industrial item and they are broached not
    'stamped'. For any given platform there are many and
    various barrels:

    https://criterionbarrels.com/products/vintage-service/m1-garand/m1-garand-gi-contour-barrel-2/?v=0b3b97fa6688

    https://ammogarand.com/m1gabaus.html

    https://royaltigerimports.com/shop/m1-garand-barrels/

    And on and on for each platform with myriad twist rates,
    features and either quality or price to some greater or
    lesser degree. No different from selecting bicycle components.

    And the same is true for trigger groups, sights, magazines
    and all the other parts down to wood vs composite stocks of
    a zillion varieties.


    Gunsmithing is at least as skilled and complex as bicycle
    wrenching.
    --
    Andrew Muzi
    am@yellowjersey.org
    Open every day since 1 April, 1971
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From =?UTF-8?B?Y3ljbGludG9t?=@cyclintom@yahoo.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Sun Dec 28 20:31:19 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Sat Dec 27 14:36:56 2025 Jeff Liebermann wrote:
    On Sat, 27 Dec 2025 21:15:46 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    I was completely blanked out from 2010 to most of 2012. It took me the better part of 10 years to recover many memories and many were never recovered - I can't remember my mother or father dying in the 2000's though I was working all that time. I paid for my mother's staying in an assisted care center, and visited her as often as possible. My father was on Railroad retirement and so was able and conscious enough to take care of himself even though near the end he was on full time O2 because of emphasyma.

    Your father died in 1987. <https://www.myheritage.com/research/record-10002-88144066/john-a-kunich-in-us-social-security-death-index-ssdi>

    You were sufficiently functional in 2010 to be awarded with a DUI: <https://www.localcrimenews.com/welcome/detail/44604354/thomas-h-kunich-arrest.htm>
    followed by a no-show: <https://www.localcrimenews.com/welcome/detail/49646718/thomas-h-kunich-arrest.html>

    After paying for your mothers assisted care, the family left your name
    off her obituaries: <https://www.grissomsmortuary.com/obituaries/detail/violet-kunich> <https://www.echovita.com/us/obituaries/ca/san-leandro/violet-kunich-8572417>
    Why are you telling me when my father died? Wouldn't it be more to the point telling me when your father died? Or maybe not since by then he had disowned you.
    My injury was on Dec 9, 2009 and due to the medical problem, I received 1 day of public service cleaning up a local park. My license was removed not because of the DUI but because of the medical problem. It wasn't restored for several years after my cop friend got me to a competent neurologist.He took about a year to balance my medications and stop the seizures. So I wasn't fully functional until 2005 sometime.
    Why do you have to show your ignorance at every turn? My mother was fully funcional and in good health when she made all of the arrangements for her own funeral. And by the way you ignorant fool, Violet Kunich is no relation to my family. I've only said that about a dozen times when you've told us all about things that another Thomas Kunich who was the son of Violet did. But I suppose your dementia is getting to the point where you can barely remember your own name.
    Are you really so stupid that other people cannot remember that you continue to make the same mistakes over and over? That must be part of your faulty memory claiming that you appologize for mistakes. Or do you think that everyone else will forget your being corrected and think that you can make the same false claims over and over?
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From =?UTF-8?B?Y3ljbGludG9t?=@cyclintom@yahoo.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Sun Dec 28 21:03:07 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Sun Dec 28 09:10:36 2025 AMuzi wrote:
    On 12/27/2025 6:56 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 16:52:09 2025 John B. wrote:
    On Mon, 22 Dec 2025 12:15:57 -0600, AMuzi <am@yellowjersey.org> wrote:

    On 12/22/2025 12:12 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 05:45:22 2025 Catrike Ryder wrote:
    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 23:44:17 -0800, John B.
    <jbslocomb@fictitious.site> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:16:12 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com> >>>>>> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:08:16 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    Starting a business in San Leandro:
    <https://www.sanleandrochamber.com/assets/pdf/Starting+a+Business+in+SL+Packet/>
    "Do I need a license if I work out of my home?
    Yes. Businesses operated out of the home require a business license >>>>>>>> and must comply with the City?s Zoning Ordinance."

    More:
    "Prior to starting a home-based business, owners must read and sign a >>>>>>> Home Occupation Permit Agreement, which includes specific conditions >>>>>>> of agreement."


    Over the years I've come across people who aren't formally employed >>>>>> that simply do jobs for others and receive money for doing it. When I >>>>>> was in high school a classmate mowed lawns. He had his own lawn mower >>>>>> and worked 6 days a week mowing lawns, we were all Jealous as he saved >>>>>> enough that he bought his own auto the day he turned 16 and could have >>>>>> a driver's license.

    I've done similar things when I was working, gone out and surveyed a >>>>>> potential project and advised people how to do the work and even >>>>>> suggested people to do the project for them and received a very nice >>>>>> 'gift' for doing so.

    Does the U.S. let you get away with doing that tax free as a way of >>>>>> life...... I suspect, from your posts that you may be familiar with >>>>>> this sort of problem (;-)

    You might not get away with it if the entity that's paying you is
    claiming and deducting the payment as an expence. Otherwise getting >>>>> paid "under the table" is pretty common for "odd jobs."




    Is it your belief that my selling my personal car or bicycle constitutes a business? I find it humourous that failure of a human being will lie about anything.

    From reports here, you do not meet the standard for a
    business. There are rules and tests (of long standing):

    https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/heres-how-to-tell-the-difference-between-a-hobby-and-a-business-for-tax-purposes

    Lets see... at one time I was in the Air Force, worked
    weekends for a local company and built custom rifles in my spare
    time....... (:-)




    I'll take your word fopr it but tell me how you rifled a barre. Cheaper modern guns often have the rifling stamped in and you certainly aren't going to do that. So I will assume that you bought the mechanism and are really saying that you built the stock. I have the woodworking skills and the knowledge and I also know what is necessary to build a match grade rifle. For that grade of rifle the barrel has to be virtually free floating forward of the loading mechanism. It is very difficult to make a repeatring rifle match grade. I have shot out to 600 yards using match grade but my eyesight though quite good was never good enough to use open sights beyond 600 yards. I did see a Marine sniper practicing at 1250 yards and he could put everything on the one meter target. Shooting as a real sniper with time to burn, I imagine he could have put everything in the center ring.

    Since you are unfamiliar with rifles, a rifle barrel is a
    standard industrial item and they are broached not
    'stamped'. For any given platform there are many and
    various barrels:

    https://criterionbarrels.com/products/vintage-service/m1-garand/m1-garand-gi-contour-barrel-2/?v=3d0b3b97fa6688

    https://ammogarand.com/m1gabaus.html

    https://royaltigerimports.com/shop/m1-garand-barrels/

    And on and on for each platform with myriad twist rates,
    features and either quality or price to some greater or
    lesser degree. No different from selecting bicycle components.

    And the same is true for trigger groups, sights, magazines
    and all the other parts down to wood vs composite stocks of
    a zillion varieties.


    Gunsmithing is at least as skilled and complex as bicycle
    wrenching.
    I used the term "stamping" because cheap guns are indeed stanped with the rifling in them. The results are that the rifling is very crude and the accuracy of the weapon is very poor. Your references are to 30-06 barrels. 5 1/2 million of these were made for WW II and Korea. Those match grade marrels were made after that and chambered for .308 ammunition which is a shorter round. The Garand was a military weapon and MUCH better than cheap crap available today for many (especially) pistols.
    While broaching is a far better process it requires an extra machinging process because the barrel must be machined for diameter of the intended caliber and broached as a secondary process. With a stamping, the barrel can be a pretty crude barrel stamoped onto a form all in one operation. You can spot the stamped versions because they show the seams fron the press.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Jeff Liebermann@jeffl@cruzio.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Sun Dec 28 13:40:38 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 21:03:07 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    I used the term "stamping" because cheap guns are indeed stanped with the rifling in them.

    Stamping is for sheet metal. I don't recall seeing any rifles with
    sheet metal barrels.

    <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamping_(metalworking)>
    "Stamping (also known as pressing) is the process of placing flat
    sheet metal in either blank or coil form into a stamping press where a
    tool and die surface forms the metal into a new shape."

    However, if you're talking about a really old musket, some were made
    by winding wrought iron strips around an iron mandrel. Muskets had
    smooth bore barrels although there were some muskets between 1840 -
    1860 that had rifling. Hint: Rifling doesn't work well with
    spherical "ball" style bullets.
    --
    Jeff Liebermann jeffl@cruzio.com
    PO Box 272 http://www.LearnByDestroying.com
    Ben Lomond CA 95005-0272 AE6KS 831-336-2558

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From AMuzi@am@yellowjersey.org to rec.bicycles.tech on Sun Dec 28 15:43:27 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On 12/28/2025 3:03 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Sun Dec 28 09:10:36 2025 AMuzi wrote:
    On 12/27/2025 6:56 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 16:52:09 2025 John B. wrote:
    On Mon, 22 Dec 2025 12:15:57 -0600, AMuzi <am@yellowjersey.org> wrote: >>>>
    On 12/22/2025 12:12 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 05:45:22 2025 Catrike Ryder wrote:
    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 23:44:17 -0800, John B.
    <jbslocomb@fictitious.site> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:16:12 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com> >>>>>>>> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:08:16 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    Starting a business in San Leandro:
    <https://www.sanleandrochamber.com/assets/pdf/Starting+a+Business+in+SL+Packet/>
    "Do I need a license if I work out of my home?
    Yes. Businesses operated out of the home require a business license >>>>>>>>>> and must comply with the City?s Zoning Ordinance."

    More:
    "Prior to starting a home-based business, owners must read and sign a >>>>>>>>> Home Occupation Permit Agreement, which includes specific conditions >>>>>>>>> of agreement."


    Over the years I've come across people who aren't formally employed >>>>>>>> that simply do jobs for others and receive money for doing it. When I >>>>>>>> was in high school a classmate mowed lawns. He had his own lawn mower >>>>>>>> and worked 6 days a week mowing lawns, we were all Jealous as he saved >>>>>>>> enough that he bought his own auto the day he turned 16 and could have >>>>>>>> a driver's license.

    I've done similar things when I was working, gone out and surveyed a >>>>>>>> potential project and advised people how to do the work and even >>>>>>>> suggested people to do the project for them and received a very nice >>>>>>>> 'gift' for doing so.

    Does the U.S. let you get away with doing that tax free as a way of >>>>>>>> life...... I suspect, from your posts that you may be familiar with >>>>>>>> this sort of problem (;-)

    You might not get away with it if the entity that's paying you is >>>>>>> claiming and deducting the payment as an expence. Otherwise getting >>>>>>> paid "under the table" is pretty common for "odd jobs."




    Is it your belief that my selling my personal car or bicycle constitutes a business? I find it humourous that failure of a human being will lie about anything.

    From reports here, you do not meet the standard for a
    business. There are rules and tests (of long standing):

    https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/heres-how-to-tell-the-difference-between-a-hobby-and-a-business-for-tax-purposes

    Lets see... at one time I was in the Air Force, worked
    weekends for a local company and built custom rifles in my spare
    time....... (:-)




    I'll take your word fopr it but tell me how you rifled a barre. Cheaper modern guns often have the rifling stamped in and you certainly aren't going to do that. So I will assume that you bought the mechanism and are really saying that you built the stock. I have the woodworking skills and the knowledge and I also know what is necessary to build a match grade rifle. For that grade of rifle the barrel has to be virtually free floating forward of the loading mechanism. It is very difficult to make a repeatring rifle match grade. I have shot out to 600 yards using match grade but my eyesight though quite good was never good enough to use open sights beyond 600 yards. I did see a Marine sniper practicing at 1250 yards and he could put everything on the one meter target. Shooting as a real sniper with time to burn, I imagine he could have put everything in the center ring.

    Since you are unfamiliar with rifles, a rifle barrel is a
    standard industrial item and they are broached not
    'stamped'. For any given platform there are many and
    various barrels:

    https://criterionbarrels.com/products/vintage-service/m1-garand/m1-garand-gi-contour-barrel-2/?v=0b3b97fa6688

    https://ammogarand.com/m1gabaus.html

    https://royaltigerimports.com/shop/m1-garand-barrels/

    And on and on for each platform with myriad twist rates,
    features and either quality or price to some greater or
    lesser degree. No different from selecting bicycle components.

    And the same is true for trigger groups, sights, magazines
    and all the other parts down to wood vs composite stocks of
    a zillion varieties.


    Gunsmithing is at least as skilled and complex as bicycle
    wrenching.




    I used the term "stamping" because cheap guns are indeed stanped with the rifling in them. The results are that the rifling is very crude and the accuracy of the weapon is very poor. Your references are to 30-06 barrels. 5 1/2 million of these were made for WW II and Korea. Those match grade marrels were made after that and chambered for .308 ammunition which is a shorter round. The Garand was a military weapon and MUCH better than cheap crap available today for many (especially) pistols.

    While broaching is a far better process it requires an extra machinging process because the barrel must be machined for diameter of the intended caliber and broached as a secondary process. With a stamping, the barrel can be a pretty crude barrel stamoped onto a form all in one operation. You can spot the stamped versions because they show the seams fron the press.

    No. There's no case of "stamped" rifling of a firearm barrel.

    They are mostly broached. Even cheap pistols. Button
    rifling and single point are variants of broaching:

    https://vortakt.com/learn/rifling-types-101/

    Firearm barrels may be forged including the rifling but
    that's a relative rarity, not cheap, and certainly not a
    stamping.
    --
    Andrew Muzi
    am@yellowjersey.org
    Open every day since 1 April, 1971
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From John B.@jbslocomb@fictitious.site to rec.bicycles.tech on Sun Dec 28 17:07:03 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 09:10:36 -0600, AMuzi <am@yellowjersey.org> wrote:

    On 12/27/2025 6:56 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 16:52:09 2025 John B. wrote:
    On Mon, 22 Dec 2025 12:15:57 -0600, AMuzi <am@yellowjersey.org> wrote:

    On 12/22/2025 12:12 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 05:45:22 2025 Catrike Ryder wrote:
    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 23:44:17 -0800, John B.
    <jbslocomb@fictitious.site> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:16:12 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com> >>>>>>> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:08:16 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com> >>>>>>>> wrote:

    Starting a business in San Leandro:
    <https://www.sanleandrochamber.com/assets/pdf/Starting+a+Business+in+SL+Packet/>
    "Do I need a license if I work out of my home?
    Yes. Businesses operated out of the home require a business license >>>>>>>>> and must comply with the City?s Zoning Ordinance."

    More:
    "Prior to starting a home-based business, owners must read and sign a >>>>>>>> Home Occupation Permit Agreement, which includes specific conditions >>>>>>>> of agreement."


    Over the years I've come across people who aren't formally employed >>>>>>> that simply do jobs for others and receive money for doing it. When I >>>>>>> was in high school a classmate mowed lawns. He had his own lawn mower >>>>>>> and worked 6 days a week mowing lawns, we were all Jealous as he saved >>>>>>> enough that he bought his own auto the day he turned 16 and could have >>>>>>> a driver's license.

    I've done similar things when I was working, gone out and surveyed a >>>>>>> potential project and advised people how to do the work and even >>>>>>> suggested people to do the project for them and received a very nice >>>>>>> 'gift' for doing so.

    Does the U.S. let you get away with doing that tax free as a way of >>>>>>> life...... I suspect, from your posts that you may be familiar with >>>>>>> this sort of problem (;-)

    You might not get away with it if the entity that's paying you is
    claiming and deducting the payment as an expence. Otherwise getting >>>>>> paid "under the table" is pretty common for "odd jobs."




    Is it your belief that my selling my personal car or bicycle constitutes a business? I find it humourous that failure of a human being will lie about anything.

    From reports here, you do not meet the standard for a
    business. There are rules and tests (of long standing):

    https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/heres-how-to-tell-the-difference-between-a-hobby-and-a-business-for-tax-purposes

    Lets see... at one time I was in the Air Force, worked
    weekends for a local company and built custom rifles in my spare
    time....... (:-)




    I'll take your word fopr it but tell me how you rifled a barre. Cheaper modern guns often have the rifling stamped in and you certainly aren't going to do that. So I will assume that you bought the mechanism and are really saying that you built the stock. I have the woodworking skills and the knowledge and I also know what is necessary to build a match grade rifle. For that grade of rifle the barrel has to be virtually free floating forward of the loading mechanism. It is very difficult to make a repeatring rifle match grade. I have shot out to 600 yards using match grade but my eyesight though quite good was never good enough to use open sights beyond 600 yards. I did see a Marine sniper practicing at 1250 yards and he could put everything on the one meter target. Shooting as a real sniper with time to burn, I imagine he could have put everything in the center ring.

    Since you are unfamiliar with rifles, a rifle barrel is a
    standard industrial item and they are broached not
    'stamped'. For any given platform there are many and
    various barrels:

    https://criterionbarrels.com/products/vintage-service/m1-garand/m1-garand-gi-contour-barrel-2/?v=0b3b97fa6688

    https://ammogarand.com/m1gabaus.html

    https://royaltigerimports.com/shop/m1-garand-barrels/

    And on and on for each platform with myriad twist rates,
    features and either quality or price to some greater or
    lesser degree. No different from selecting bicycle components.

    And the same is true for trigger groups, sights, magazines
    and all the other parts down to wood vs composite stocks of
    a zillion varieties.


    Gunsmithing is at least as skilled and complex as bicycle
    wrenching.

    see https://www.brownells.com/ (:-)
    --
    cheers,

    John B.

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From John B.@jbslocomb@fictitious.site to rec.bicycles.tech on Sun Dec 28 17:36:06 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 13:40:38 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 21:03:07 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    I used the term "stamping" because cheap guns are indeed stanped with the rifling in them.

    Stamping is for sheet metal. I don't recall seeing any rifles with
    sheet metal barrels.

    <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamping_(metalworking)>
    "Stamping (also known as pressing) is the process of placing flat
    sheet metal in either blank or coil form into a stamping press where a
    tool and die surface forms the metal into a new shape."

    However, if you're talking about a really old musket, some were made
    by winding wrought iron strips around an iron mandrel. Muskets had
    smooth bore barrels although there were some muskets between 1840 -
    1860 that had rifling. Hint: Rifling doesn't work well with
    spherical "ball" style bullets.

    Errrr...... A musket is by definition a smooth bore weapon while one
    with rifling is a "rifle".
    One of the various army's reluctance to convert from muskets to rifles
    was that rifles were much slower to load until the invention of the
    Mini which was a hollow base bullet that was easy to load but expanded
    when fired to engage the riffling.
    see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mini%C3%A9_ball
    --
    cheers,

    John B.

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From John B.@jbslocomb@fictitious.site to rec.bicycles.tech on Sun Dec 28 18:08:08 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 17:36:06 -0800, John B.
    <jbslocomb@fictitious.site> wrote:

    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 13:40:38 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 21:03:07 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    I used the term "stamping" because cheap guns are indeed stanped with the rifling in them.

    Stamping is for sheet metal. I don't recall seeing any rifles with
    sheet metal barrels.

    <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamping_(metalworking)>
    "Stamping (also known as pressing) is the process of placing flat
    sheet metal in either blank or coil form into a stamping press where a
    tool and die surface forms the metal into a new shape."

    However, if you're talking about a really old musket, some were made
    by winding wrought iron strips around an iron mandrel. Muskets had
    smooth bore barrels although there were some muskets between 1840 -
    1860 that had rifling. Hint: Rifling doesn't work well with
    spherical "ball" style bullets.

    Errrr...... A musket is by definition a smooth bore weapon while one
    with rifling is a "rifle".
    One of the various army's reluctance to convert from muskets to rifles
    was that rifles were much slower to load until the invention of the
    Mini which was a hollow base bullet that was easy to load but expanded
    when fired to engage the riffling.
    see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mini%C3%A9_ball

    P.S. some times refereed to as a "rifled musket"
    --
    cheers,

    John B.

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From zen cycle@funkmasterxx@hotmail.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Mon Dec 29 08:11:50 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On 12/28/2025 10:10 AM, AMuzi wrote:
    On 12/27/2025 6:56 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 16:52:09 2025 John B.-a wrote:
    On Mon, 22 Dec 2025 12:15:57 -0600, AMuzi <am@yellowjersey.org> wrote:

    On 12/22/2025 12:12 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 05:45:22 2025 Catrike Ryder-a wrote:
    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 23:44:17 -0800, John B.
    <jbslocomb@fictitious.site> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:16:12 -0800, Jeff Liebermann
    <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:08:16 -0800, Jeff Liebermann
    <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    Starting a business in San Leandro:
    <https://www.sanleandrochamber.com/assets/pdf/
    Starting+a+Business+in+SL+Packet/>
    "Do I need a license if I work out of my home?
    Yes. Businesses operated out of the home require a business >>>>>>>>> license
    and must comply with the City?s Zoning Ordinance."

    More:
    "Prior to starting a home-based business, owners must read and >>>>>>>> sign a
    Home Occupation Permit Agreement, which includes specific
    conditions
    of agreement."


    Over the years I've come across people who aren't formally employed >>>>>>> that simply do jobs for others and receive money for doing it.
    When I
    was in high school a classmate mowed lawns. He had his own lawn >>>>>>> mower
    and worked 6 days a week mowing lawns, we were all Jealous as he >>>>>>> saved
    enough that he bought his own auto the day he turned 16 and could >>>>>>> have
    a driver's license.

    I've done similar things when I was working, gone out and surveyed a >>>>>>> potential project and advised people how to do the work and even >>>>>>> suggested people to do the project for them and received a very nice >>>>>>> 'gift' for doing so.

    Does the U.S. let you get away with doing that tax free as a way of >>>>>>> life...... I suspect, from your posts that you may be familiar with >>>>>>> this sort of problem (;-)

    You might not get away with it if the entity that's paying you is
    claiming and deducting the payment as an expence. Otherwise getting >>>>>> paid "under the table" is pretty common for "odd jobs."




    Is it your belief that my selling my personal car or bicycle
    constitutes a business? I find it humourous that failure of a human >>>>> being will lie about anything.

    -aFrom reports here, you do not meet the standard for a
    business.-a There are rules and tests (of long standing):

    https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/heres-how-to-tell-the-difference-
    between-a-hobby-and-a-business-for-tax-purposes

    Lets see... at one time I was in the Air Force, worked
    weekends-a-a for a local company and built custom rifles in my spare
    time....... (:-)




    I'll take your word fopr it but tell me how you rifled a barre.
    Cheaper modern guns often have the rifling stamped in and you
    certainly aren't going to do that. So I will assume that you bought
    the mechanism and are really saying that you built the stock. I have
    the woodworking skills and the knowledge and I also know what is
    necessary to build a match grade rifle. For that grade of rifle the
    barrel has to be virtually free floating forward of the loading
    mechanism. It is very difficult to make a repeatring rifle match
    grade. I have shot out to 600 yards using match grade but my eyesight
    though quite good was never good enough to use open sights beyond 600
    yards. I did see a Marine sniper practicing at 1250 yards and he could
    put everything on the one meter target. Shooting as a real sniper with
    time to burn, I imagine he could have put everything in the center ring.

    Since you are unfamiliar with rifles, a rifle barrel is a standard industrial item and they are broached not 'stamped'.-a For any given platform there are many and various barrels:

    https://criterionbarrels.com/products/vintage-service/m1-garand/m1- garand-gi-contour-barrel-2/?v=0b3b97fa6688

    https://ammogarand.com/m1gabaus.html

    https://royaltigerimports.com/shop/m1-garand-barrels/

    And on and on for each platform with myriad twist rates, features and
    either quality or price to some greater or lesser degree.-a No different from selecting bicycle components.

    And the same is true for trigger groups, sights, magazines and all the
    other parts down to wood vs composite stocks of a zillion varieties.


    Gunsmithing is at least as skilled and complex as bicycle wrenching.


    I would say significantly moreso - bikes don't explode in your face if
    they aren't built well.

    I was wondering about the idea of 'stamping' rifling inside a gun barrel
    - I opted to let others who may have more insight in that area comment
    on the idea since I have no experience at all in gunsmithing.

    However I do have some experience with metal casting, forging, and
    machining. The idea of 'stamping' rifling inside a gun barrel doesn't
    make sense since I _do_ understand the process involved in making high-strength enclosures, specifically those used as 'Explosion-Proof'
    (aka Flame-Proof).

    Casting, forging, or machining something designed to contain an
    explosion has it's own considerations - nothing extensively complicated
    but production controls are critical. Our EX enclosures have to
    withstand 125PSI "instantaneous*" internal pressure measured by filling
    the sealed enclosure with a methane mixture and igniting it, then
    withstand 500PSI internal pressure measure hydrostatically. We have the
    luxury of only being required to withstand the the explosion followed by
    the hydrostatic test once to pass the testing. Guns need to be able to
    contain the impulse thousands of times.

    We have a large machining operation at my company since we manufacture
    these explosion-proof enclosures. We have three foundry pits for casting
    zinc alloy parts, two forges (both about 15 feet tall) and 8 CAM modules
    (two of which are larger than my first apartment). We contract out the
    larger Ex enclosure to a local casting company, then get the raw cast
    parts in for finishing with machining, x-ray, and visual inspection.

    The idea that rifling could somehow be 'stamped' inside a barrel was unimaginable to me, but as I said, it's not my area of expertise and
    I've been wrong about things like this before. I see now that my
    incredulity to the claim is probably well-founded.

    *"instantaneous" is theoretically calculable but practically impossible
    to measure as explosion impulses are theoretically infinite. The
    certification labs use a 5 Hz filter on the transducer to set the
    impulse reference that they then base the hysdrostatic number on.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Roger Merriman@roger@sarlet.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Mon Dec 29 13:32:21 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    zen cycle <funkmasterxx@hotmail.com> wrote:
    On 12/28/2025 10:10 AM, AMuzi wrote:
    On 12/27/2025 6:56 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 16:52:09 2025 John B.-a wrote:
    On Mon, 22 Dec 2025 12:15:57 -0600, AMuzi <am@yellowjersey.org> wrote: >>>>
    On 12/22/2025 12:12 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 05:45:22 2025 Catrike Ryder-a wrote:
    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 23:44:17 -0800, John B.
    <jbslocomb@fictitious.site> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:16:12 -0800, Jeff Liebermann
    <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:08:16 -0800, Jeff Liebermann
    <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    Starting a business in San Leandro:
    <https://www.sanleandrochamber.com/assets/pdf/
    Starting+a+Business+in+SL+Packet/>
    "Do I need a license if I work out of my home?
    Yes. Businesses operated out of the home require a business >>>>>>>>>> license
    and must comply with the City?s Zoning Ordinance."

    More:
    "Prior to starting a home-based business, owners must read and >>>>>>>>> sign a
    Home Occupation Permit Agreement, which includes specific
    conditions
    of agreement."


    Over the years I've come across people who aren't formally employed >>>>>>>> that simply do jobs for others and receive money for doing it. >>>>>>>> When I
    was in high school a classmate mowed lawns. He had his own lawn >>>>>>>> mower
    and worked 6 days a week mowing lawns, we were all Jealous as he >>>>>>>> saved
    enough that he bought his own auto the day he turned 16 and could >>>>>>>> have
    a driver's license.

    I've done similar things when I was working, gone out and surveyed a >>>>>>>> potential project and advised people how to do the work and even >>>>>>>> suggested people to do the project for them and received a very nice >>>>>>>> 'gift' for doing so.

    Does the U.S. let you get away with doing that tax free as a way of >>>>>>>> life...... I suspect, from your posts that you may be familiar with >>>>>>>> this sort of problem (;-)

    You might not get away with it if the entity that's paying you is >>>>>>> claiming and deducting the payment as an expence. Otherwise getting >>>>>>> paid "under the table" is pretty common for "odd jobs."




    Is it your belief that my selling my personal car or bicycle
    constitutes a business? I find it humourous that failure of a human >>>>>> being will lie about anything.

    -aFrom reports here, you do not meet the standard for a
    business.-a There are rules and tests (of long standing):

    https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/heres-how-to-tell-the-difference-
    between-a-hobby-and-a-business-for-tax-purposes

    Lets see... at one time I was in the Air Force, worked
    weekends-a-a for a local company and built custom rifles in my spare
    time....... (:-)




    I'll take your word fopr it but tell me how you rifled a barre.
    Cheaper modern guns often have the rifling stamped in and you
    certainly aren't going to do that. So I will assume that you bought
    the mechanism and are really saying that you built the stock. I have
    the woodworking skills and the knowledge and I also know what is
    necessary to build a match grade rifle. For that grade of rifle the
    barrel has to be virtually free floating forward of the loading
    mechanism. It is very difficult to make a repeatring rifle match
    grade. I have shot out to 600 yards using match grade but my eyesight
    though quite good was never good enough to use open sights beyond 600
    yards. I did see a Marine sniper practicing at 1250 yards and he could
    put everything on the one meter target. Shooting as a real sniper with
    time to burn, I imagine he could have put everything in the center ring.

    Since you are unfamiliar with rifles, a rifle barrel is a standard
    industrial item and they are broached not 'stamped'.-a For any given
    platform there are many and various barrels:

    https://criterionbarrels.com/products/vintage-service/m1-garand/m1-
    garand-gi-contour-barrel-2/?v=0b3b97fa6688

    https://ammogarand.com/m1gabaus.html

    https://royaltigerimports.com/shop/m1-garand-barrels/

    And on and on for each platform with myriad twist rates, features and
    either quality or price to some greater or lesser degree.-a No different
    from selecting bicycle components.

    And the same is true for trigger groups, sights, magazines and all the
    other parts down to wood vs composite stocks of a zillion varieties.


    Gunsmithing is at least as skilled and complex as bicycle wrenching.


    I would say significantly moreso - bikes don't explode in your face if
    they aren't built well.

    I was wondering about the idea of 'stamping' rifling inside a gun barrel
    - I opted to let others who may have more insight in that area comment
    on the idea since I have no experience at all in gunsmithing.

    However I do have some experience with metal casting, forging, and machining. The idea of 'stamping' rifling inside a gun barrel doesn't
    make sense since I _do_ understand the process involved in making high-strength enclosures, specifically those used as 'Explosion-Proof'
    (aka Flame-Proof).

    Casting, forging, or machining something designed to contain an
    explosion has it's own considerations - nothing extensively complicated
    but production controls are critical. Our EX enclosures have to
    withstand 125PSI "instantaneous*" internal pressure measured by filling
    the sealed enclosure with a methane mixture and igniting it, then
    withstand 500PSI internal pressure measure hydrostatically. We have the luxury of only being required to withstand the the explosion followed by
    the hydrostatic test once to pass the testing. Guns need to be able to contain the impulse thousands of times.

    We have a large machining operation at my company since we manufacture
    these explosion-proof enclosures. We have three foundry pits for casting zinc alloy parts, two forges (both about 15 feet tall) and 8 CAM modules (two of which are larger than my first apartment). We contract out the larger Ex enclosure to a local casting company, then get the raw cast
    parts in for finishing with machining, x-ray, and visual inspection.

    The idea that rifling could somehow be 'stamped' inside a barrel was unimaginable to me, but as I said, it's not my area of expertise and
    I've been wrong about things like this before. I see now that my
    incredulity to the claim is probably well-founded.

    Likewise didnrCOt sound plausible but things do surprise one occasionally,
    aka every day is a school day and all that!

    One of the YouTube guys who explores interesting guns, had a gun explode on
    him few years back which has potential for to be lethal, bikes seem more tolerant, used to see a bike near work one of the very cheap Amazon bikes
    with the forks incorrect fitted aka wrong way around which took a
    surprisingly long time to work out what was wrong with the bike!

    Though it moved around so was apparently being used!

    *"instantaneous" is theoretically calculable but practically impossible
    to measure as explosion impulses are theoretically infinite. The certification labs use a 5 Hz filter on the transducer to set the
    impulse reference that they then base the hysdrostatic number on.


    Roger Merriman
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From AMuzi@am@yellowjersey.org to rec.bicycles.tech on Mon Dec 29 08:25:18 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On 12/29/2025 7:11 AM, zen cycle wrote:
    On 12/28/2025 10:10 AM, AMuzi wrote:
    On 12/27/2025 6:56 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 16:52:09 2025 John B.-a wrote:
    On Mon, 22 Dec 2025 12:15:57 -0600, AMuzi
    <am@yellowjersey.org> wrote:

    On 12/22/2025 12:12 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 05:45:22 2025 Catrike Ryder-a wrote:
    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 23:44:17 -0800, John B.
    <jbslocomb@fictitious.site> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:16:12 -0800, Jeff Liebermann
    <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:08:16 -0800, Jeff Liebermann
    <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    Starting a business in San Leandro:
    <https://www.sanleandrochamber.com/assets/pdf/
    Starting+a+Business+in+SL+Packet/>
    "Do I need a license if I work out of my home?
    Yes. Businesses operated out of the home require a
    business license
    and must comply with the City?s Zoning Ordinance."

    More:
    "Prior to starting a home-based business, owners
    must read and sign a
    Home Occupation Permit Agreement, which includes
    specific conditions
    of agreement."


    Over the years I've come across people who aren't
    formally employed
    that simply do jobs for others and receive money for
    doing it. When I
    was in high school a classmate mowed lawns. He had
    his own lawn mower
    and worked 6 days a week mowing lawns, we were all
    Jealous as he saved
    enough that he bought his own auto the day he turned
    16 and could have
    a driver's license.

    I've done similar things when I was working, gone
    out and surveyed a
    potential project and advised people how to do the
    work and even
    suggested people to do the project for them and
    received a very nice
    'gift' for doing so.

    Does the U.S. let you get away with doing that tax
    free as a way of
    life...... I suspect, from your posts that you may
    be familiar with
    this sort of problem (;-)

    You might not get away with it if the entity that's
    paying you is
    claiming and deducting the payment as an expence.
    Otherwise getting
    paid "under the table" is pretty common for "odd jobs."




    Is it your belief that my selling my personal car or
    bicycle constitutes a business? I find it humourous
    that failure of a human being will lie about anything.

    -aFrom reports here, you do not meet the standard for a
    business.-a There are rules and tests (of long standing):

    https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/heres-how-to-tell-the-
    difference- between-a-hobby-and-a-business-for-tax-
    purposes

    Lets see... at one time I was in the Air Force, worked
    weekends-a-a for a local company and built custom rifles
    in my spare
    time....... (:-)




    I'll take your word fopr it but tell me how you rifled a
    barre. Cheaper modern guns often have the rifling stamped
    in and you certainly aren't going to do that. So I will
    assume that you bought the mechanism and are really
    saying that you built the stock. I have the woodworking
    skills and the knowledge and I also know what is
    necessary to build a match grade rifle. For that grade of
    rifle the barrel has to be virtually free floating
    forward of the loading mechanism. It is very difficult to
    make a repeatring rifle match grade. I have shot out to
    600 yards using match grade but my eyesight though quite
    good was never good enough to use open sights beyond 600
    yards. I did see a Marine sniper practicing at 1250 yards
    and he could put everything on the one meter target.
    Shooting as a real sniper with time to burn, I imagine he
    could have put everything in the center ring.

    Since you are unfamiliar with rifles, a rifle barrel is a
    standard industrial item and they are broached not
    'stamped'.-a For any given platform there are many and
    various barrels:

    https://criterionbarrels.com/products/vintage-service/m1-
    garand/m1- garand-gi-contour-barrel-2/?v=0b3b97fa6688

    https://ammogarand.com/m1gabaus.html

    https://royaltigerimports.com/shop/m1-garand-barrels/

    And on and on for each platform with myriad twist rates,
    features and either quality or price to some greater or
    lesser degree.-a No different from selecting bicycle
    components.

    And the same is true for trigger groups, sights, magazines
    and all the other parts down to wood vs composite stocks
    of a zillion varieties.


    Gunsmithing is at least as skilled and complex as bicycle
    wrenching.


    I would say significantly moreso - bikes don't explode in
    your face if they aren't built well.

    I was wondering about the idea of 'stamping' rifling inside
    a gun barrel - I opted to let others who may have more
    insight in that area comment on the idea since I have no
    experience at all in gunsmithing.

    However I do have some experience with metal casting,
    forging, and machining. The idea of 'stamping' rifling
    inside a gun barrel doesn't make sense since I _do_
    understand the process involved in making high-strength
    enclosures, specifically those used as 'Explosion-
    Proof' (aka Flame-Proof).

    Casting, forging, or machining something designed to contain
    an explosion has it's own considerations - nothing
    extensively complicated but production controls are
    critical. Our EX enclosures have to withstand 125PSI
    "instantaneous*" internal pressure measured by filling the
    sealed enclosure with a methane mixture and igniting it,
    then withstand 500PSI internal pressure measure
    hydrostatically. We have the luxury of only being required
    to withstand the the explosion followed by the hydrostatic
    test once to pass the testing. Guns need to be able to
    contain the impulse thousands of times.

    We have a large machining operation at my company since we
    manufacture these explosion-proof enclosures. We have three
    foundry pits for casting zinc alloy parts, two forges (both
    about 15 feet tall) and 8 CAM modules (two of which are
    larger than my first apartment). We contract out the larger
    Ex enclosure to a local casting company, then get the raw
    cast parts in for finishing with machining, x-ray, and
    visual inspection.

    The idea that rifling could somehow be 'stamped' inside a
    barrel was unimaginable to me, but as I said, it's not my
    area of expertise and I've been wrong about things like this
    before. I see now that my incredulity to the claim is
    probably well-founded.

    *"instantaneous" is theoretically calculable but practically
    impossible to measure as explosion impulses are
    theoretically infinite. The certification labs use a 5 Hz
    filter on the transducer to set the impulse reference that
    they then base the hysdrostatic number on.


    +1

    Since you actually understand materials and production the
    term "stamping" as regards firearm barrels is ridiculous on
    its face. Similarly, I had an overly long conversation with
    a breathless enthusiast of 3D printing in which I agreed it
    could produce intake manifolds or cam gears but never a
    crankshaft.
    --
    Andrew Muzi
    am@yellowjersey.org
    Open every day since 1 April, 1971
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Catrike Ryder@Soloman@old.bikers.org to rec.bicycles.tech on Mon Dec 29 10:02:44 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Mon, 29 Dec 2025 08:25:18 -0600, AMuzi <am@yellowjersey.org> wrote:

    On 12/29/2025 7:11 AM, zen cycle wrote:
    On 12/28/2025 10:10 AM, AMuzi wrote:
    On 12/27/2025 6:56 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 16:52:09 2025 John B.a wrote:
    On Mon, 22 Dec 2025 12:15:57 -0600, AMuzi
    <am@yellowjersey.org> wrote:

    On 12/22/2025 12:12 PM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Mon Dec 22 05:45:22 2025 Catrike Rydera wrote:
    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 23:44:17 -0800, John B.
    <jbslocomb@fictitious.site> wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:16:12 -0800, Jeff Liebermann
    <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    On Sun, 21 Dec 2025 19:08:16 -0800, Jeff Liebermann
    <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    Starting a business in San Leandro:
    <https://www.sanleandrochamber.com/assets/pdf/
    Starting+a+Business+in+SL+Packet/>
    "Do I need a license if I work out of my home?
    Yes. Businesses operated out of the home require a
    business license
    and must comply with the City?s Zoning Ordinance."

    More:
    "Prior to starting a home-based business, owners
    must read and sign a
    Home Occupation Permit Agreement, which includes
    specific conditions
    of agreement."


    Over the years I've come across people who aren't
    formally employed
    that simply do jobs for others and receive money for
    doing it. When I
    was in high school a classmate mowed lawns. He had
    his own lawn mower
    and worked 6 days a week mowing lawns, we were all
    Jealous as he saved
    enough that he bought his own auto the day he turned
    16 and could have
    a driver's license.

    I've done similar things when I was working, gone
    out and surveyed a
    potential project and advised people how to do the
    work and even
    suggested people to do the project for them and
    received a very nice
    'gift' for doing so.

    Does the U.S. let you get away with doing that tax
    free as a way of
    life...... I suspect, from your posts that you may
    be familiar with
    this sort of problem (;-)

    You might not get away with it if the entity that's
    paying you is
    claiming and deducting the payment as an expence.
    Otherwise getting
    paid "under the table" is pretty common for "odd jobs."




    Is it your belief that my selling my personal car or
    bicycle constitutes a business? I find it humourous
    that failure of a human being will lie about anything.

    aFrom reports here, you do not meet the standard for a
    business.a There are rules and tests (of long standing):

    https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/heres-how-to-tell-the-
    difference- between-a-hobby-and-a-business-for-tax-
    purposes

    Lets see... at one time I was in the Air Force, worked
    weekendsaa for a local company and built custom rifles
    in my spare
    time....... (:-)




    I'll take your word fopr it but tell me how you rifled a
    barre. Cheaper modern guns often have the rifling stamped
    in and you certainly aren't going to do that. So I will
    assume that you bought the mechanism and are really
    saying that you built the stock. I have the woodworking
    skills and the knowledge and I also know what is
    necessary to build a match grade rifle. For that grade of
    rifle the barrel has to be virtually free floating
    forward of the loading mechanism. It is very difficult to
    make a repeatring rifle match grade. I have shot out to
    600 yards using match grade but my eyesight though quite
    good was never good enough to use open sights beyond 600
    yards. I did see a Marine sniper practicing at 1250 yards
    and he could put everything on the one meter target.
    Shooting as a real sniper with time to burn, I imagine he
    could have put everything in the center ring.

    Since you are unfamiliar with rifles, a rifle barrel is a
    standard industrial item and they are broached not
    'stamped'.a For any given platform there are many and
    various barrels:

    https://criterionbarrels.com/products/vintage-service/m1-
    garand/m1- garand-gi-contour-barrel-2/?v=0b3b97fa6688

    https://ammogarand.com/m1gabaus.html

    https://royaltigerimports.com/shop/m1-garand-barrels/

    And on and on for each platform with myriad twist rates,
    features and either quality or price to some greater or
    lesser degree.a No different from selecting bicycle
    components.

    And the same is true for trigger groups, sights, magazines
    and all the other parts down to wood vs composite stocks
    of a zillion varieties.


    Gunsmithing is at least as skilled and complex as bicycle
    wrenching.


    I would say significantly moreso - bikes don't explode in
    your face if they aren't built well.

    I was wondering about the idea of 'stamping' rifling inside
    a gun barrel - I opted to let others who may have more
    insight in that area comment on the idea since I have no
    experience at all in gunsmithing.

    However I do have some experience with metal casting,
    forging, and machining. The idea of 'stamping' rifling
    inside a gun barrel doesn't make sense since I _do_
    understand the process involved in making high-strength
    enclosures, specifically those used as 'Explosion-
    Proof' (aka Flame-Proof).

    Casting, forging, or machining something designed to contain
    an explosion has it's own considerations - nothing
    extensively complicated but production controls are
    critical. Our EX enclosures have to withstand 125PSI
    "instantaneous*" internal pressure measured by filling the
    sealed enclosure with a methane mixture and igniting it,
    then withstand 500PSI internal pressure measure
    hydrostatically. We have the luxury of only being required
    to withstand the the explosion followed by the hydrostatic
    test once to pass the testing. Guns need to be able to
    contain the impulse thousands of times.

    We have a large machining operation at my company since we
    manufacture these explosion-proof enclosures. We have three
    foundry pits for casting zinc alloy parts, two forges (both
    about 15 feet tall) and 8 CAM modules (two of which are
    larger than my first apartment). We contract out the larger
    Ex enclosure to a local casting company, then get the raw
    cast parts in for finishing with machining, x-ray, and
    visual inspection.

    The idea that rifling could somehow be 'stamped' inside a
    barrel was unimaginable to me, but as I said, it's not my
    area of expertise and I've been wrong about things like this
    before. I see now that my incredulity to the claim is
    probably well-founded.

    *"instantaneous" is theoretically calculable but practically
    impossible to measure as explosion impulses are
    theoretically infinite. The certification labs use a 5 Hz
    filter on the transducer to set the impulse reference that
    they then base the hysdrostatic number on.


    +1

    Since you actually understand materials and production the
    term "stamping" as regards firearm barrels is ridiculous on
    its face. Similarly, I had an overly long conversation with
    a breathless enthusiast of 3D printing in which I agreed it
    could produce intake manifolds or cam gears but never a
    crankshaft.

    I've been contimplating how one would stamp rifling in a gun barrel
    and it drew a blank. Having actually operated lathes and broaching
    tools in machine shop, it seems to me that would be the optimum
    method.

    --
    C'est bon
    Soloman
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From =?UTF-8?B?Y3ljbGludG9t?=@cyclintom@yahoo.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Mon Dec 29 17:26:19 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Sun Dec 28 17:36:06 2025 John B. wrote:
    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 13:40:38 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 21:03:07 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    I used the term "stamping" because cheap guns are indeed stanped with the rifling in them.

    Stamping is for sheet metal. I don't recall seeing any rifles with
    sheet metal barrels.

    <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamping_(metalworking)>
    "Stamping (also known as pressing) is the process of placing flat
    sheet metal in either blank or coil form into a stamping press where a
    tool and die surface forms the metal into a new shape."

    However, if you're talking about a really old musket, some were made
    by winding wrought iron strips around an iron mandrel. Muskets had
    smooth bore barrels although there were some muskets between 1840 -
    1860 that had rifling. Hint: Rifling doesn't work well with
    spherical "ball" style bullets.

    Errrr...... A musket is by definition a smooth bore weapon while one
    with rifling is a "rifle".
    One of the various army's reluctance to convert from muskets to rifles
    was that rifles were much slower to load until the invention of the
    Mini which was a hollow base bullet that was easy to load but expanded
    when fired to engage the riffling.
    see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mini%C3%A9_ball
    --
    cheers,
    When I went with my cop friend to the (weekly? monthly?) gun show in Phoenix I was told that cheap guns, particularly pistols, had a crude oversize hole bored through the barrel, a die inserted and the barrel pressed or stamped and then the die removed like a screw. They showed me the marks on the barrels. Since these were the people selling these guns, I am more likely to believe them than you or Andrew, who at best are amatures. I believe that the only important thing is the bore diameter and that the accuracy of the grooves and lands is somewhat secondary.
    I can tell you that the slightest unequal pressure from the stock of a match grade rifle barrel allows the barrel to shift slightly from one shot to the next and destroying the long range accuracy. This is why bedding of the stock is so important on match rifles.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From AMuzi@am@yellowjersey.org to rec.bicycles.tech on Mon Dec 29 11:48:13 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On 12/29/2025 11:26 AM, cyclintom wrote:
    On Sun Dec 28 17:36:06 2025 John B. wrote:
    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 13:40:38 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 21:03:07 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    I used the term "stamping" because cheap guns are indeed stanped with the rifling in them.

    Stamping is for sheet metal. I don't recall seeing any rifles with
    sheet metal barrels.

    <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamping_(metalworking)>
    "Stamping (also known as pressing) is the process of placing flat
    sheet metal in either blank or coil form into a stamping press where a
    tool and die surface forms the metal into a new shape."

    However, if you're talking about a really old musket, some were made
    by winding wrought iron strips around an iron mandrel. Muskets had
    smooth bore barrels although there were some muskets between 1840 -
    1860 that had rifling. Hint: Rifling doesn't work well with
    spherical "ball" style bullets.

    Errrr...... A musket is by definition a smooth bore weapon while one
    with rifling is a "rifle".
    One of the various army's reluctance to convert from muskets to rifles
    was that rifles were much slower to load until the invention of the
    Mini which was a hollow base bullet that was easy to load but expanded
    when fired to engage the riffling.
    see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mini%C3%A9_ball
    --
    cheers,




    When I went with my cop friend to the (weekly? monthly?) gun show in Phoenix I was told that cheap guns, particularly pistols, had a crude oversize hole bored through the barrel, a die inserted and the barrel pressed or stamped and then the die removed like a screw. They showed me the marks on the barrels. Since these were the people selling these guns, I am more likely to believe them than you or Andrew, who at best are amatures. I believe that the only important thing is the bore diameter and that the accuracy of the grooves and lands is somewhat secondary.

    I can tell you that the slightest unequal pressure from the stock of a match grade rifle barrel allows the barrel to shift slightly from one shot to the next and destroying the long range accuracy. This is why bedding of the stock is so important on match rifles.


    Your unfamiliarity with firearms is showing.
    --
    Andrew Muzi
    am@yellowjersey.org
    Open every day since 1 April, 1971
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Jeff Liebermann@jeffl@cruzio.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Mon Dec 29 11:02:32 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Mon, 29 Dec 2025 17:26:19 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    When I went with my cop friend to the (weekly? monthly?) gun show in Phoenix I was told that cheap guns, particularly pistols, had a crude oversize hole bored through the barrel, a die inserted and the barrel pressed or stamped and then the die removed like a screw.

    Oversized? For a given size bullet, the barrel bore is clearly
    specified. Your description sounds something that might pass as
    broaching. I suggest that read how broaching works (both linear and
    rotary broaching) and adjust your pontifications accordingly.

    There is something called "roll barrel stamping". It was used to mark
    the barrel with the manufacturers name, model, serial, etc. It has
    been replaced by engraving and laser marking:
    "Roll Stamping a Single Action Army Barrel" <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZFwUBcSc78>

    For firearms, "barrel pressing" is process of inserting a barrel into
    a receiver and does not have anything to do with rifling the barrel.

    They showed me the marks on the barrels. Since these were the people selling these guns, I am more likely to believe them than you or Andrew, who at best are amatures. I believe that the only important thing is the bore diameter and that the accuracy of the grooves and lands is somewhat secondary.

    I can only imagine the reaction a gun show dealer would receive while
    trying to sell stamped rifle barrels.

    I can tell you that the slightest unequal pressure from the stock of a match grade rifle barrel allows the barrel to shift slightly from one shot to the next and destroying the long range accuracy. This is why bedding of the stock is so important on match rifles.

    Opposing extremes are rarely good indications of reality. Somewhere
    between your description of how to make a crude barrel and the rifles
    suitable for competition is where reality is hiding.
    --
    Jeff Liebermann jeffl@cruzio.com
    PO Box 272 http://www.LearnByDestroying.com
    Ben Lomond CA 95005-0272 AE6KS 831-336-2558

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Jeff Liebermann@jeffl@cruzio.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Mon Dec 29 11:14:50 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Mon, 29 Dec 2025 11:02:32 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    Oversized? For a given size bullet, the barrel bore is clearly
    specified.

    I forgot to include a table of common rifling (bore and grove)
    dimensions:
    <https://mcgowenbarrel.com/bore-groove/>
    No mention of "oversized" barrels.
    --
    Jeff Liebermann jeffl@cruzio.com
    PO Box 272 http://www.LearnByDestroying.com
    Ben Lomond CA 95005-0272 AE6KS 831-336-2558

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From John B.@jbslocomb@fictitious.site to rec.bicycles.tech on Mon Dec 29 17:21:39 2025
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Mon, 29 Dec 2025 17:26:19 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    On Sun Dec 28 17:36:06 2025 John B. wrote:
    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 13:40:38 -0800, Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com>
    wrote:

    On Sun, 28 Dec 2025 21:03:07 GMT, cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com>
    wrote:

    I used the term "stamping" because cheap guns are indeed stanped with the rifling in them.

    Stamping is for sheet metal. I don't recall seeing any rifles with
    sheet metal barrels.

    <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamping_(metalworking)>
    "Stamping (also known as pressing) is the process of placing flat
    sheet metal in either blank or coil form into a stamping press where a
    tool and die surface forms the metal into a new shape."

    However, if you're talking about a really old musket, some were made
    by winding wrought iron strips around an iron mandrel. Muskets had
    smooth bore barrels although there were some muskets between 1840 -
    1860 that had rifling. Hint: Rifling doesn't work well with
    spherical "ball" style bullets.

    Errrr...... A musket is by definition a smooth bore weapon while one
    with rifling is a "rifle".
    One of the various army's reluctance to convert from muskets to rifles
    was that rifles were much slower to load until the invention of the
    Mini which was a hollow base bullet that was easy to load but expanded
    when fired to engage the riffling.
    see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mini%C3%A9_ball
    --
    cheers,




    When I went with my cop friend to the (weekly? monthly?) gun show in Phoenix I was told that cheap guns, particularly pistols, had a crude oversize hole bored through the barrel, a die inserted and the barrel pressed or stamped and then the die removed like a screw. They showed me the marks on the barrels. Since these were the people selling these guns, I am more likely to believe them than you or Andrew, who at best are amatures. I believe that the only important thing is the bore diameter and that the accuracy of the grooves and lands is somewhat secondary.

    Lets see.... the bullet is travellinf 3,000 ft/secend and the inside
    of the barrel isn't inportent?


    I can tell you that the slightest unequal pressure from the stock of a match grade rifle barrel allows the barrel to shift slightly from one shot to the next and destroying the long range accuracy. This is why bedding of the stock is so important on match rifles.

    Many, perhaps most, accurate rifles have stocks designed ad built so
    the entire length of the barrel/stock are completely free of each
    other, in other words the barrel does not touch the stock at all.
    --
    cheers,

    John B.

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Roger Merriman@roger@sarlet.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Tue Jan 6 14:24:11 2026
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com> wrote:
    Heavy rain is predicted for today and then it is supposed to let up for a week. (This is where Liebermann contradicts the local forecasters because
    he is so much more qualified than they are.)

    DoesnrCOt he live in the Bay Area as well?

    Regardless itrCOs not as if San Leandro is either remote or difficult weather patterns, even with your rides up, Cull Canyon to 800ft shows a fairly flat temperature curve, unlike back in wales with a less of a hight distance,
    the ride into town and back for a coffee and cake, the town is 150ft folks
    are just shy of 800ft but with the Welsh hills being bigger even the old smoother ones are 1,300/2000ft and thus the weather can vary quite significantly over short distances depending on where you are in the valley
    and wind direction and so on.

    Are bigger lumps further into the Brecon Beacons and the Welsh Valley towns with their history ie built for coal/iron are around 1000ft on the valley bottom with their history ie tops being 500ft + above that.

    Florida and Australia being only areas inhabited by the newsgroup that
    would be warmer/broadly similar temperatures, even London is by some margin colder at the moment it was -5 this morning and is 2ish now at warmest
    point, should warm up over next few days to be, just below 10C which is
    still by some degree colder than San Leandro which is mid to high teens.

    <https://www.accuweather.com/en/us/san-leandro/94577/weather-forecast/337231>
    I will pass though Heathrow tomorrow early morning which will be just about freezing, Andrew and others will be significantly colder well below
    freezing.

    ItrCOs clearly and obviously not cold where you are by any stretch, claiming that it is doesnrCOt do onerCOs reputation good!


    I will be able to get in some riding and I bought some thermals for the
    task. They are effective enough that I will be able to get along with
    just a wind jacket as a secound layer. Though I've never been a fan of thermal tights with a built in chamois.


    Surely better than having cycling shorts with pads as well!

    This is starting to look like a cold winter since large formations of Canadian geese haave been noisily arriving. They have grown used to
    bicycles on the path and aren't getting out of the way. Some even act agressive when you're trying to get by.

    Seriously? Just geese which are common around the world.

    Hopefully it dries uo rapidly since the will need to be fitting my new bike to me.

    Weather forecasts are dry if cloudy for you.

    Roger Merriman


    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From =?UTF-8?B?Y3ljbGludG9t?=@cyclintom@yahoo.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Tue Jan 6 20:12:23 2026
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    On Tue Jan 6 14:24:11 2026 Roger Merriman wrote:
    cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com> wrote:
    Heavy rain is predicted for today and then it is supposed to let up for a week. (This is where Liebermann contradicts the local forecasters because he is so much more qualified than they are.)

    Doesn?t he live in the Bay Area as well?

    Regardless it?s not as if San Leandro is either remote or difficult weather patterns, even with your rides up, Cull Canyon to 800ft shows a fairly flat temperature curve, unlike back in wales with a less of a hight distance,
    the ride into town and back for a coffee and cake, the town is 150ft folks are just shy of 800ft but with the Welsh hills being bigger even the old smoother ones are 1,300/2000ft and thus the weather can vary quite significantly over short distances depending on where you are in the valley and wind direction and so on.

    Are bigger lumps further into the Brecon Beacons and the Welsh Valley towns with their history ie built for coal/iron are around 1000ft on the valley bottom with their history ie tops being 500ft + above that.

    Florida and Australia being only areas inhabited by the newsgroup that
    would be warmer/broadly similar temperatures, even London is by some margin colder at the moment it was -5 this morning and is 2ish now at warmest
    point, should warm up over next few days to be, just below 10C which is
    still by some degree colder than San Leandro which is mid to high teens.

    <https://www.accuweather.com/en/us/san-leandro/94577/weather-forecast/337231> I will pass though Heathrow tomorrow early morning which will be just about freezing, Andrew and others will be significantly colder well below
    freezing.

    It?s clearly and obviously not cold where you are by any stretch, claiming that it is doesn?t do one?s reputation good!


    I will be able to get in some riding and I bought some thermals for the task. They are effective enough that I will be able to get along with
    just a wind jacket as a secound layer. Though I've never been a fan of thermal tights with a built in chamois.


    Surely better than having cycling shorts with pads as well!

    This is starting to look like a cold winter since large formations of Canadian geese haave been noisily arriving. They have grown used to bicycles on the path and aren't getting out of the way. Some even act agressive when you're trying to get by.

    Seriously? Just geese which are common around the world.

    Hopefully it dries uo rapidly since the will need to be fitting my new bike to me.

    Weather forecasts are dry if cloudy for you.
    Our Canadian Geese come from British Colukmbia and they are good predictors of what the weather is or is going to be in BC.
    I put in 26 miles discounting the mile I put in before remembering to turn the Garmin on. Got a flat and rode it for the last mile, Note to self - cold tires feel well inflated.
    I did my flat ride today because there were scattered showers predicted for the afternoon. And I did catch a very light rain at 11:30.
    My thermals worked very well in the morning and it is now 60 degrees which I do not believe but the thermometer outside agrees with the internet.
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  • From Roger Merriman@roger@sarlet.com to rec.bicycles.tech on Tue Jan 6 22:34:03 2026
    From Newsgroup: rec.bicycles.tech

    cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com> wrote:
    On Tue Jan 6 14:24:11 2026 Roger Merriman wrote:
    cyclintom <cyclintom@yahoo.com> wrote:
    Heavy rain is predicted for today and then it is supposed to let up for a >>> week. (This is where Liebermann contradicts the local forecasters because >>> he is so much more qualified than they are.)

    Doesn?t he live in the Bay Area as well?

    Regardless it?s not as if San Leandro is either remote or difficult weather >> patterns, even with your rides up, Cull Canyon to 800ft shows a fairly flat >> temperature curve, unlike back in wales with a less of a hight distance,
    the ride into town and back for a coffee and cake, the town is 150ft folks >> are just shy of 800ft but with the Welsh hills being bigger even the old
    smoother ones are 1,300/2000ft and thus the weather can vary quite
    significantly over short distances depending on where you are in the valley >> and wind direction and so on.

    Are bigger lumps further into the Brecon Beacons and the Welsh Valley towns >> with their history ie built for coal/iron are around 1000ft on the valley
    bottom with their history ie tops being 500ft + above that.

    Florida and Australia being only areas inhabited by the newsgroup that
    would be warmer/broadly similar temperatures, even London is by some margin >> colder at the moment it was -5 this morning and is 2ish now at warmest
    point, should warm up over next few days to be, just below 10C which is
    still by some degree colder than San Leandro which is mid to high teens.

    <https://www.accuweather.com/en/us/san-leandro/94577/weather-forecast/337231>
    I will pass though Heathrow tomorrow early morning which will be just about >> freezing, Andrew and others will be significantly colder well below
    freezing.

    It?s clearly and obviously not cold where you are by any stretch, claiming >> that it is doesn?t do one?s reputation good!


    I will be able to get in some riding and I bought some thermals for the
    task. They are effective enough that I will be able to get along with
    just a wind jacket as a secound layer. Though I've never been a fan of
    thermal tights with a built in chamois.


    Surely better than having cycling shorts with pads as well!

    This is starting to look like a cold winter since large formations of
    Canadian geese haave been noisily arriving. They have grown used to
    bicycles on the path and aren't getting out of the way. Some even act
    agressive when you're trying to get by.

    Seriously? Just geese which are common around the world.

    Hopefully it dries uo rapidly since the will need to be fitting my new bike to me.

    Weather forecasts are dry if cloudy for you.




    Our Canadian Geese come from British Colukmbia and they are good
    predictors of what the weather is or is going to be in BC.

    I put in 26 miles discounting the mile I put in before remembering to
    turn the Garmin on. Got a flat and rode it for the last mile, Note to
    self - cold tires feel well inflated.

    I did my flat ride today because there were scattered showers predicted
    for the afternoon. And I did catch a very light rain at 11:30.

    My thermals worked very well in the morning and it is now 60 degrees
    which I do not believe but the thermometer outside agrees with the internet.

    As does your Garmin, hence I guess the real feel and other things, ie cold
    wind can make temperatures feel colder and so on, which we had on the
    weekend as the return leg though nominal the same temperature, felt fair
    bit colder due to wind chill, ie 1/33 degrees.

    I should have used the winter boots as I could feel my feet slightly but I forgot to, but rest of me was fine. Was just about cold enough to bother
    with gloves, I tend run hot and so on.

    Roger Merriman


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