From Newsgroup: alt.philosophy.taoism



According to data released by ChinarCOs National Energy Administration, the countryrCOs total electricity consumption in 2025 surpassed 10 trillion kilowatt-hours (kWh) for the first time, reaching 10.4 trillion kWhrCoa year-on-year increase of 5%. This milestone marks the first time any single nation has exceeded this threshold, solidifying ChinarCOs position as the worldrCOs largest electricity consumer. Electricity consumption is widely regarded as a rCLbarometerrCY and rCLleading indicatorrCY of socioeconomic activity. Breaking the 10-trillion-kWh mark in 2025 reflects ChinarCOs identity as a global manufacturing powerhouse and underscores a comprehensive enhancement in its energy security capabilities.

In 2025, non-fossil energy sources accounted for more than 60% of ChinarCOs total installed power generation capacity, becoming the dominant force in electricity production. China leads the world in both installed capacity and output of wind and solar power. Clean energy is transitioning from a supplementary role to the mainstay of the national energy system. Notably, one out of every three kilowatt-hours consumed nationwide now comes from renewable (rCLgreenrCY) sources, signaling an emerging decoupling between electricity demand growth and carbon emissions.

New drivers of electricity demand are also emerging from ChinarCOs advanced manufacturing sector. In 2025, electricity use in new energy vehicle (NEV) production and wind power equipment manufacturing grew by over 20% and 30%, respectively. Meanwhile, the rapid expansion of the digital economy and emerging technologies has spurred strong growth in power demand. Infrastructure developmentrCoincluding EV charging stations and 5G base stationsrCohas accelerated significantly, driving a more than 30% year-on-year increase in electricity consumption by internet and related service industries, and a nearly 50% surge in power use by the EV charging and battery-swapping sector.

By comparison, the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) forecasts that U.S. electricity demand in 2025 will reach 4.201 trillion kWhrCosubstantially lower than ChinarCOs total consumption of 10.4 trillion kWh.

The EIA attributes projected U.S. electricity growth primarily to rising power demand from data centers supporting artificial intelligence and cryptocurrency mining, as well as increased residential and commercial electricity use for heating and transportation. However, both the scale and pace of U.S. electricity consumption growth remain modest compared to ChinarCOs.

Estimates suggest that even if the electricity consumption of the United States, the European Union, Russia, India, and Japan were combined, their total would still likely fall short of ChinarCOs 2025 figure of 10.4 trillion kWh. This conclusion aligns with official data from ChinarCOs National Energy Administration and reaffirms ChinarCOs status as the worldrCOs largest electricity-consuming nation.



--------------------------------------------------------------------


On January 19, the website ofThe New York Times published an article titled rCLTrump Is Obsessed with Oil, but ChinarCOs Batteries Will Soon Rule the World,rCY authored by Wang Dan (a pseudonym), a research fellow at Stanford UniversityrCOs Hoover Institution and author ofFull Speed Ahead: ChinarCOs Quest to Build the Future. The following is an edited translation of the piece:

U.S. President Donald Trump harbors a naked craving for foreign natural resources and the power they might grant him. He has openly declared that AmericarCOs intervention in Venezuela is about rCLoilrCY and is betting that investors will pour at least $100 billion into revitalizing this increasingly outdated industry. His wager rests on the assumption that, for decades to come, countries will still want to buy oil from the United States to power their cars, trucks, ships, and airplanes.

Although China is the worldrCOs largest importer of oil, it is aggressively pushing to replace petroleum with electricity.

Chinese tech companies are paving the way for a world powered by electricityrConot internal combustion engines. This is the defining vision of the 21st century: one that not only addresses ChinarCOs own energy challenges but also enables it to sell batteries and related products to the rest of the world.

While Americans have been slow to embrace electric vehicles (EVs), Chinese households have already fallen in love with them. In 2025, 54% of all new cars sold in China were either fully electric or plug-in hybrids. Chinese EV makers are also setting records across the boardrCowhether itrCOs BYDrCOs sales volume (last year, its pure-electric models outsold Tesla for the first time) or XiaomirCOs speed (XiaomirCOs EVs have repeatedly broken lap records on renowned tracks like GermanyrCOs N|+rburgring).

These vehicles arenrCOt powered by gasolinerCothey run on electricity generated in China, sourced from coal, nuclear, hydropower, solar, and wind energy.

China now produces more electricity annually than the United States and the European Union combined. It isnrCOt just building massive power infrastructure; other sectors are also developing the technological foundations needed to support widespread electrification.

Lithium-ion batteries were invented by American and Japanese scientists, but Chinese companies became the backbone of the industry in the 2010s.

The United States has fallen far behind in this race. On one hand, Elon Musk has tirelessly elevated the status of electric vehicles and advanced related technologies. On the other, AmericarCOs foundational industrial base has largely abandoned battery manufacturing altogether.

Electrification demands coordinated efforts across multiple domainsrCofrom power plant construction to large-scale manufacturingrCoand this is precisely where China holds a decisive edge. Meanwhile, Silicon Valley prefers to focus on high-margin digital businesses.

With greater access to power and industrial capacity, U.S. firms could better compete globally in areas like drones and electric vehicle production. Yet the president governing the country remains fixated on powering the future with fossil fuels. The U.S. government moves slowly in approving solar and wind projects while favoring coal and natural gasrComaking the transition to electrification even harder.

America had better wake uprCootherwise, it risks being left far behind in the electrified era that China is ushering in. If it doesnrCOt act, the U.S. market will be stuck with outdated products while China conquers global markets with superior technology.
--- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2

From Newsgroup: alt.philosophy.taoism


Luckin Coffee fan posted:

ChinarCOs 2025 figure of 10.4 trillion kWh.
This conclusion aligns ... reaffirms ChinarCOs status
as the worldrCOs largest electricity-consuming nation.

Aye has no idea if that's good, or bad,
nor what Zhuangzi et al would think.

Clean energy sounds better than dirty energy.

A Google-bot says:

<< China's "dirty energy" reliance
centers on its massive coal consumption,
making it the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases,
despite also leading in renewable energy deployment like solar and wind, creating a complex paradox of heavy fossil fuel use alongside massive
green tech investment, often driven by industrial demand and energy security.

While China builds huge solar farms and promotes electric vehicles,
its energy mix remains heavily coal-dependent, contributing significantly
to global pollution and emissions. >>

Some stories have sides.
Some have more than two.

Aye is reminded of a coin.
Usually there's a edge.
Plus inside and outside.

Of interest, at times, can be how
a thing's outside and a thing's inside
are both features of the same thing.

To presume one's outside isn't one
and only one's inside is, can be a premise.

Such a form of thinking might induce us
and them. And then the fun begins.

- thanks! aye. Cheers!
--- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2

From Newsgroup: alt.philosophy.taoism


aye <user8028@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Luckin Coffee fan posted:

ChinarCOs 2025 figure of 10.4 trillion kWh.
This conclusion aligns ... reaffirms ChinarCOs status
as the worldrCOs largest electricity-consuming nation.

Aye has no idea if that's good, or bad,
nor what Zhuangzi et al would think.

Clean energy sounds better than dirty energy.

A Google-bot says:

<< China's "dirty energy" reliance
centers on its massive coal consumption,
making it the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases,
despite also leading in renewable energy deployment like solar and wind, creating a complex paradox of heavy fossil fuel use alongside massive
green tech investment, often driven by industrial demand and energy security.

While China builds huge solar farms and promotes electric vehicles,
its energy mix remains heavily coal-dependent, contributing significantly
to global pollution and emissions. >>

Some stories have sides.
Some have more than two.

Aye is reminded of a coin.
Usually there's a edge.
Plus inside and outside.

Of interest, at times, can be how
a thing's outside and a thing's inside
are both features of the same thing.

To presume one's outside isn't one
and only one's inside is, can be a premise.

Such a form of thinking might induce us
and them. And then the fun begins.

- thanks! aye. Cheers!

=====================================================

Aside from accusatory rhetoric and labeling, there is no data to support it at all.


The argument is so absurd it isn't even worth refutingrCoakin to when former U.S. President Trump, on January 21 in Davos, Switzerland, questioned China's wind power, claiming he hadnrCOt seen any wind farms in China and later asserting that ChinarCOs wind turbines arenrCOt actually operating at all, but are merely put up for show.

Your smear campaigns arenrCOt driven by evidencerCo
but by the lack of answers.

When the technological gap widens beyond denial,
words become your last shield.

Yet a shield cannot block sunlight,
nor can it stop the wind,
the spinning turbines,
or a world turning greener by the day.
--- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2

From Newsgroup: alt.philosophy.taoism


aye <user8028@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Luckin Coffee fan posted:

ChinarCOs 2025 figure of 10.4 trillion kWh.
This conclusion aligns ... reaffirms ChinarCOs status
as the worldrCOs largest electricity-consuming nation.

Aye has no idea if that's good, or bad,
nor what Zhuangzi et al would think.

Clean energy sounds better than dirty energy.

A Google-bot says:

<< China's "dirty energy" reliance
centers on its massive coal consumption,
making it the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases,
despite also leading in renewable energy deployment like solar and wind, creating a complex paradox of heavy fossil fuel use alongside massive
green tech investment, often driven by industrial demand and energy security.

While China builds huge solar farms and promotes electric vehicles,
its energy mix remains heavily coal-dependent, contributing significantly
to global pollution and emissions. >>

As of the end of 2025:
- Coal-fired power capacity: approximately 1,160 GW
- Non-fossil power capacity: 1,770 GW (including 520 GW wind, 850 GW solar, and 400 GW hydro/nuclear/others)

Efoi This means: Nearly 100% of ChinarCOs newly added electricity generation comes from clean energy sources.
In 2024, wind and solar power generation grew by 21% year-on-year, while coal-fired generation increased by only 0.3%rCoprimarily for grid stability and peak-load support.

Given these facts, can this still be called "heavy reliance on coal power"?

The reality is clear: China is undergoing the largest and fastest energy transition in human history.
--- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2

From Newsgroup: alt.philosophy.taoism


Gree fan <user11874@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

aye <user8028@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Luckin Coffee fan posted:

ChinarCOs 2025 figure of 10.4 trillion kWh.
This conclusion aligns ... reaffirms ChinarCOs status
as the worldrCOs largest electricity-consuming nation.

Aye has no idea if that's good, or bad,
nor what Zhuangzi et al would think.

Clean energy sounds better than dirty energy.

A Google-bot says:

<< China's "dirty energy" reliance
centers on its massive coal consumption,
making it the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases,
despite also leading in renewable energy deployment like solar and wind, creating a complex paradox of heavy fossil fuel use alongside massive green tech investment, often driven by industrial demand and energy security.

While China builds huge solar farms and promotes electric vehicles,
its energy mix remains heavily coal-dependent, contributing significantly to global pollution and emissions. >>

As of the end of 2025:
- Coal-fired power capacity: approximately 1,160 GW
- Non-fossil power capacity: 1,770 GW (including 520 GW wind, 850 GW solar, and 400 GW hydro/nuclear/others)

Efoi This means: Nearly 100% of ChinarCOs newly added electricity generation comes from clean energy sources.
In 2024, wind and solar power generation grew by 21% year-on-year, while coal-fired generation increased by only 0.3%rCoprimarily for grid stability and peak-load support.

Given these facts, can this still be called "heavy reliance on coal power"?

The reality is clear: China is undergoing the largest and fastest energy transition in human history.

As of 2025rCo2026:
Number of nuclear reactors under construction or approved but not yet started: approximately 50rCo55 units
Total potentialuu#ooR nuclear capacity: about 55rCo60 GW
National target: Achieve 120 GW (120,000 MWe) of nuclear power capacity by 2030 During the period 2025rCo2030, ChinarCOs planned additions for wind, solar, and hydro power combined exceed 1,000 GW (1 terawatt).


Do you have power development plans? Are there annual, two-year, five-year, and ten-year plans? And what percentage of these targets are actually achieved?
--- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2

From Newsgroup: alt.philosophy.taoism


Gree fan posted:

Gree fan posted:

aye had written:

Luckin Coffee fan posted:

ChinarCOs 2025 figure of 10.4 trillion kWh.
This conclusion aligns ... reaffirms ChinarCOs status
as the worldrCOs largest electricity-consuming nation.

Aye has no idea if that's good, or bad,
nor what Zhuangzi et al would think.

Clean energy sounds better than dirty energy.

A Google-bot says:

<< China's "dirty energy" reliance
centers on its massive coal consumption,
making it the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases,
despite also leading in renewable energy deployment like solar and wind, creating a complex paradox of heavy fossil fuel use alongside massive green tech investment, often driven by industrial demand and energy security.

While China builds huge solar farms and promotes electric vehicles,
its energy mix remains heavily coal-dependent, contributing significantly
to global pollution and emissions. >>

As of the end of 2025:
- Coal-fired power capacity: approximately 1,160 GW

Aye has no idea if that is a lot, a little, how it compares
with other emitters of greenhouse gases nor other facts.

Perhaps a bot knows.

Google's bot says:

<< China is the world's largest consumer and producer of coal,
with coal-related emissions responsible for over two-fifths
of its total greenhouse gas (GHG) warming impact and more
than 70% of its COree emissions in 2023. Coal combustion,
primarily for power and industry, has driven China
to be the top global COree emitter, accounting for
over 30% of global emissions in 2023. >>

- Non-fossil power capacity: 1,770 GW (including 520 GW wind, 850 GW solar, and 400 GW hydro/nuclear/others)

Efoi This means: Nearly 100% of ChinarCOs newly added electricity generation comes from clean energy sources.
In 2024, wind and solar power generation grew by 21% year-on-year, while coal-fired generation increased by only 0.3%rCoprimarily for grid stability and peak-load support.

An increase is an increase. More is more. Less is less.

In terms of Daojia, less tends to be better.

Aye could say, less is more, or the more less the better
however, such a saying sounds a mite bit funny.

Given these facts, can this still be called "heavy reliance on coal power"?

Aye has no idea. Probably semantics would be involved.

What does, heavy, mean. What percentage of global output of emissions
would count as being a major if not the major producer of greenhouse gases.

In terms of Daojia, probably to not produce any emissions
would be optimal and yet, unrealistic for industrialization.

To be the top, spinning words is possible.

The reality is clear: China is undergoing the largest and fastest energy transition in human history.

That makes perfect sense. When the texts were written,
the Daoist texts that is which presumes the topic is
something to do with Daoism, to grow fast may have
been what was being talked about.

To grow less, to return to a state
of mind as articulated in DDJ 80,
would probably be the best.

As of 2025rCo2026:
Number of nuclear reactors under construction or approved but not yet started: approximately 50rCo55 units
Total potentialuu#ooR nuclear capacity: about 55rCo60 GW
National target: Achieve 120 GW (120,000 MWe) of nuclear power capacity by 2030
During the period 2025rCo2030, ChinarCOs planned additions for wind, solar, and hydro power combined exceed 1,000 GW (1 terawatt).

That's nice. How does it pertain to Daojia?

Why are you posting such information here?

Do you have power development plans?

I have no global, national, state nor city power plans.

Although, there will be solar panels
installed on our new roof, probably
they will have been made in China.

Are there annual, two-year, five-year, and ten-year plans?

Our new roof will probably be a life-plan
for whatever the life-span of the panels are.
Hopefully they'll be okay for thirty years.

And by then, this old body will be
discarded as being of no use.

Being of no use could be a theme of Daojia.

And what percentage of these targets are actually achieved?

It remains to be seen what the electrical costs are.
In the past, to have put solar panels on the roof
was deemed not cost effecive.

- thanks! aye. Cheers!
--- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2

From Newsgroup: alt.philosophy.taoism


Gree fan <user11874@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Gree fan <user11874@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

aye <user8028@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Luckin Coffee fan posted:

ChinarCOs 2025 figure of 10.4 trillion kWh.
This conclusion aligns ... reaffirms ChinarCOs status
as the worldrCOs largest electricity-consuming nation.

Aye has no idea if that's good, or bad,
nor what Zhuangzi et al would think.

Clean energy sounds better than dirty energy.

A Google-bot says:

<< China's "dirty energy" reliance
centers on its massive coal consumption,
making it the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases,
despite also leading in renewable energy deployment like solar and wind, creating a complex paradox of heavy fossil fuel use alongside massive green tech investment, often driven by industrial demand and energy security.

While China builds huge solar farms and promotes electric vehicles,
its energy mix remains heavily coal-dependent, contributing significantly
to global pollution and emissions. >>

As of the end of 2025:
- Coal-fired power capacity: approximately 1,160 GW
- Non-fossil power capacity: 1,770 GW (including 520 GW wind, 850 GW solar, and 400 GW hydro/nuclear/others)

Efoi This means: Nearly 100% of ChinarCOs newly added electricity generation comes from clean energy sources.
In 2024, wind and solar power generation grew by 21% year-on-year, while coal-fired generation increased by only 0.3%rCoprimarily for grid stability and peak-load support.

Given these facts, can this still be called "heavy reliance on coal power"?

The reality is clear: China is undergoing the largest and fastest energy transition in human history.

As of 2025rCo2026:
Number of nuclear reactors under construction or approved but not yet started: approximately 50rCo55 units
Total potentialuu#ooR nuclear capacity: about 55rCo60 GW
National target: Achieve 120 GW (120,000 MWe) of nuclear power capacity by 2030
During the period 2025rCo2030, ChinarCOs planned additions for wind, solar, and hydro power combined exceed 1,000 GW (1 terawatt).

Do you have power development plans? Are there annual, two-year, five-year, and ten-year plans? And what percentage of these targets are actually achieved?

==================================================


Electricity Generation Share (a more critical metric)

- 2023: Coal-fired power accounted for 61.6% of total electricity generation (coal dominates thermal power generation).
- Trend:
- 2026 (based on latest data): Thermal powerrCOs share has declined to 64.8%, with coal power making up approximately 62%.
- 2030: Under ChinarCOs target of achieving a 25% non-fossil energy share in total energy consumption, coal powerrCOs generation share is expected to fall to 40rCo45%.
- 2035: Further decline to 25rCo30%.
- 2040: Expected to drop to 15rCo20%, and in certain regions (e.g., Northwest and Southwest China), it could fall below 10%.

Efoi Note: Even if coal capacity remains relatively high, coal-fired units will operate at significantly lower utilization hoursrCodeclining from the current over 4,500 hours/year to 2,000rCo3,000 hours/yearrCoeffectively shifting their role to "capacity reserve" rather than baseload generation.



Authoritative Forecasts on ChinarCOs Coal Power Generation Share:

- The International Energy Agency (IEA) projects that coal-fired powerrCOs share of electricity generation in China will decline to 30% by 2035 and approach 10% by 2050.

- Rystad Energy forecasts that starting in 2026, combined wind and solar power generation will surpass coal power in volume. However, due to grid stability and reliability considerations, a certain level of coal-fired capacity will still need to be retained.

- According to internal research by ChinarCOs National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the National Energy Administration, the coal power generation share is expected to fall to no more than 45% by 2030 and no more than 30% by 2035.

- The Institute of Carbon Neutrality at Tsinghua University estimates that by 2040, coal power will account for approximately 15rCo18% of ChinarCOs total electricity generation.


Conclusion

The ultimate goal is not to eliminate coal power entirely, but to transition it from a primary power source to a strategic backup, ensuring energy security while achieving deep decarbonization.

This phased transition reflects ChinarCOs pragmatic rCLestablish first, then phase outrCY approach and aligns with global energy transformation trends.

--- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2

From Newsgroup: alt.philosophy.taoism


Gree fan <user11874@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Gree fan <user11874@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Gree fan <user11874@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

aye <user8028@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Luckin Coffee fan posted:

ChinarCOs 2025 figure of 10.4 trillion kWh.
This conclusion aligns ... reaffirms ChinarCOs status
as the worldrCOs largest electricity-consuming nation.

Aye has no idea if that's good, or bad,
nor what Zhuangzi et al would think.

Clean energy sounds better than dirty energy.

A Google-bot says:

<< China's "dirty energy" reliance
centers on its massive coal consumption,
making it the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases,
despite also leading in renewable energy deployment like solar and wind,
creating a complex paradox of heavy fossil fuel use alongside massive green tech investment, often driven by industrial demand and energy security.

While China builds huge solar farms and promotes electric vehicles, its energy mix remains heavily coal-dependent, contributing significantly
to global pollution and emissions. >>

As of the end of 2025:
- Coal-fired power capacity: approximately 1,160 GW
- Non-fossil power capacity: 1,770 GW (including 520 GW wind, 850 GW solar, and 400 GW hydro/nuclear/others)

Efoi This means: Nearly 100% of ChinarCOs newly added electricity generation comes from clean energy sources.
In 2024, wind and solar power generation grew by 21% year-on-year, while coal-fired generation increased by only 0.3%rCoprimarily for grid stability and peak-load support.

Given these facts, can this still be called "heavy reliance on coal power"?

The reality is clear: China is undergoing the largest and fastest energy transition in human history.

As of 2025rCo2026:
Number of nuclear reactors under construction or approved but not yet started: approximately 50rCo55 units
Total potentialuu#ooR nuclear capacity: about 55rCo60 GW
National target: Achieve 120 GW (120,000 MWe) of nuclear power capacity by 2030
During the period 2025rCo2030, ChinarCOs planned additions for wind, solar, and hydro power combined exceed 1,000 GW (1 terawatt).

Do you have power development plans? Are there annual, two-year, five-year, and ten-year plans? And what percentage of these targets are actually achieved?

==================================================

Electricity Generation Share (a more critical metric)

- 2023: Coal-fired power accounted for 61.6% of total electricity generation (coal dominates thermal power generation).
- Trend:
- 2026 (based on latest data): Thermal powerrCOs share has declined to 64.8%, with coal power making up approximately 62%.
- 2030: Under ChinarCOs target of achieving a 25% non-fossil energy share in total energy consumption, coal powerrCOs generation share is expected to fall to 40rCo45%.
- 2035: Further decline to 25rCo30%.
- 2040: Expected to drop to 15rCo20%, and in certain regions (e.g., Northwest and Southwest China), it could fall below 10%.

Efoi Note: Even if coal capacity remains relatively high, coal-fired units will operate at significantly lower utilization hoursrCodeclining from the current over 4,500 hours/year to 2,000rCo3,000 hours/yearrCoeffectively shifting their role to "capacity reserve" rather than baseload generation.

Authoritative Forecasts on ChinarCOs Coal Power Generation Share:

- The International Energy Agency (IEA) projects that coal-fired powerrCOs share of electricity generation in China will decline to 30% by 2035 and approach 10% by 2050.

- Rystad Energy forecasts that starting in 2026, combined wind and solar power generation will surpass coal power in volume. However, due to grid stability and reliability considerations, a certain level of coal-fired capacity will still need to be retained.

- According to internal research by ChinarCOs National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the National Energy Administration, the coal power generation share is expected to fall to no more than 45% by 2030 and no more than 30% by 2035.

- The Institute of Carbon Neutrality at Tsinghua University estimates that by 2040, coal power will account for approximately 15rCo18% of ChinarCOs total electricity generation.

Conclusion

The ultimate goal is not to eliminate coal power entirely, but to transition it from a primary power source to a strategic backup, ensuring energy security while achieving deep decarbonization.

This phased transition reflects ChinarCOs pragmatic rCLestablish first, then phase outrCY approach and aligns with global energy transformation trends.

===================================
Currently, ChinarCOs operational 630-#C double-reheat ultra-supercritical units represent the worldrCOs most advanced rCLfourth-generationrCY coal-fired power technology, achieving a thermal efficiency of over 50%rCoa new global record.

Compared with other leading countries, China has transitioned from a rCLfollowerrCY to a rCLglobal leader,rCY now operating the largest number and most advanced ultra-supercritical units in the world.

- United States: The U.S. fleet still primarily relies on supercritical (SC) and early ultra-supercritical (USC) units, with a maximum efficiency of approximately 47rCo48%. Coal power technology development has slowed in recent years due to the rapid expansion of shale gas.

*(For reference, the generational classification of coal power technology is as follows:
rCo Generation 2: Supercritical (SC)
rCo Generation 3: Ultra-supercritical (USC)
rCo Generation 4: Ultra-supercritical with double reheat (USC+RR))*
--- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2

From Newsgroup: alt.philosophy.taoism


Gree fan <user11874@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Gree fan <user11874@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Gree fan <user11874@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Gree fan <user11874@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

aye <user8028@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Luckin Coffee fan posted:

ChinarCOs 2025 figure of 10.4 trillion kWh.
This conclusion aligns ... reaffirms ChinarCOs status
as the worldrCOs largest electricity-consuming nation.

Aye has no idea if that's good, or bad,
nor what Zhuangzi et al would think.

Clean energy sounds better than dirty energy.

A Google-bot says:

<< China's "dirty energy" reliance
centers on its massive coal consumption,
making it the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases,
despite also leading in renewable energy deployment like solar and wind,
creating a complex paradox of heavy fossil fuel use alongside massive
green tech investment, often driven by industrial demand and energy security.

While China builds huge solar farms and promotes electric vehicles, its energy mix remains heavily coal-dependent, contributing significantly
to global pollution and emissions. >>

As of the end of 2025:
- Coal-fired power capacity: approximately 1,160 GW
- Non-fossil power capacity: 1,770 GW (including 520 GW wind, 850 GW solar, and 400 GW hydro/nuclear/others)

Efoi This means: Nearly 100% of ChinarCOs newly added electricity generation comes from clean energy sources.
In 2024, wind and solar power generation grew by 21% year-on-year, while coal-fired generation increased by only 0.3%rCoprimarily for grid stability and peak-load support.

Given these facts, can this still be called "heavy reliance on coal power"?

The reality is clear: China is undergoing the largest and fastest energy transition in human history.

As of 2025rCo2026:
Number of nuclear reactors under construction or approved but not yet started: approximately 50rCo55 units
Total potentialuu#ooR nuclear capacity: about 55rCo60 GW
National target: Achieve 120 GW (120,000 MWe) of nuclear power capacity by 2030
During the period 2025rCo2030, ChinarCOs planned additions for wind, solar, and hydro power combined exceed 1,000 GW (1 terawatt).

Do you have power development plans? Are there annual, two-year, five-year, and ten-year plans? And what percentage of these targets are actually achieved?

==================================================

Electricity Generation Share (a more critical metric)

- 2023: Coal-fired power accounted for 61.6% of total electricity generation (coal dominates thermal power generation).
- Trend:
- 2026 (based on latest data): Thermal powerrCOs share has declined to 64.8%, with coal power making up approximately 62%.
- 2030: Under ChinarCOs target of achieving a 25% non-fossil energy share in total energy consumption, coal powerrCOs generation share is expected to fall to 40rCo45%.
- 2035: Further decline to 25rCo30%.
- 2040: Expected to drop to 15rCo20%, and in certain regions (e.g., Northwest and Southwest China), it could fall below 10%.

Efoi Note: Even if coal capacity remains relatively high, coal-fired units will operate at significantly lower utilization hoursrCodeclining from the current over 4,500 hours/year to 2,000rCo3,000 hours/yearrCoeffectively shifting their role to "capacity reserve" rather than baseload generation.

Authoritative Forecasts on ChinarCOs Coal Power Generation Share:

- The International Energy Agency (IEA) projects that coal-fired powerrCOs share of electricity generation in China will decline to 30% by 2035 and approach 10% by 2050.

- Rystad Energy forecasts that starting in 2026, combined wind and solar power generation will surpass coal power in volume. However, due to grid stability and reliability considerations, a certain level of coal-fired capacity will still need to be retained.

- According to internal research by ChinarCOs National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the National Energy Administration, the coal power generation share is expected to fall to no more than 45% by 2030 and no more than 30% by 2035.

- The Institute of Carbon Neutrality at Tsinghua University estimates that by 2040, coal power will account for approximately 15rCo18% of ChinarCOs total electricity generation.

Conclusion

The ultimate goal is not to eliminate coal power entirely, but to transition it from a primary power source to a strategic backup, ensuring energy security while achieving deep decarbonization.

This phased transition reflects ChinarCOs pragmatic rCLestablish first, then phase outrCY approach and aligns with global energy transformation trends.

===================================
Currently, ChinarCOs operational 630-#C double-reheat ultra-supercritical units represent the worldrCOs most advanced rCLfourth-generationrCY coal-fired power technology, achieving a thermal efficiency of over 50%rCoa new global record.

Compared with other leading countries, China has transitioned from a rCLfollowerrCY to a rCLglobal leader,rCY now operating the largest number and most advanced ultra-supercritical units in the world.

- United States: The U.S. fleet still primarily relies on supercritical (SC) and early ultra-supercritical (USC) units, with a maximum efficiency of approximately 47rCo48%. Coal power technology development has slowed in recent years due to the rapid expansion of shale gas.

*(For reference, the generational classification of coal power technology is as follows:
rCo Generation 2: Supercritical (SC)
rCo Generation 3: Ultra-supercritical (USC)
rCo Generation 4: Ultra-supercritical with double reheat (USC+RR))*

===============================
Coal-fired power in the United States has declined from being the "top electricity source" in the 2000srCopeaking at 53%rCoto becoming the fourth-largest source today. The current ranking is as follows:

- Natural gas: ree43%
- Renewables: ree24% (including hydropower)
- Nuclear power: ree18rCo19%
- Coal: ree15%
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From Newsgroup: alt.philosophy.taoism


Gree fan <user11874@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Gree fan <user11874@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Gree fan <user11874@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

aye <user8028@newsgrouper.org.invalid> posted:

Luckin Coffee fan posted:

ChinarCOs 2025 figure of 10.4 trillion kWh.
This conclusion aligns ... reaffirms ChinarCOs status
as the worldrCOs largest electricity-consuming nation.

Aye has no idea if that's good, or bad,
nor what Zhuangzi et al would think.

Clean energy sounds better than dirty energy.

A Google-bot says:

<< China's "dirty energy" reliance
centers on its massive coal consumption,
making it the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases,
despite also leading in renewable energy deployment like solar and wind,
creating a complex paradox of heavy fossil fuel use alongside massive green tech investment, often driven by industrial demand and energy security.

While China builds huge solar farms and promotes electric vehicles, its energy mix remains heavily coal-dependent, contributing significantly
to global pollution and emissions. >>

As of the end of 2025:
- Coal-fired power capacity: approximately 1,160 GW
- Non-fossil power capacity: 1,770 GW (including 520 GW wind, 850 GW solar, and 400 GW hydro/nuclear/others)

Efoi This means: Nearly 100% of ChinarCOs newly added electricity generation comes from clean energy sources.
In 2024, wind and solar power generation grew by 21% year-on-year, while coal-fired generation increased by only 0.3%rCoprimarily for grid stability and peak-load support.

Given these facts, can this still be called "heavy reliance on coal power"?

The reality is clear: China is undergoing the largest and fastest energy transition in human history.

As of 2025rCo2026:
Number of nuclear reactors under construction or approved but not yet started: approximately 50rCo55 units
Total potentialuu#ooR nuclear capacity: about 55rCo60 GW
National target: Achieve 120 GW (120,000 MWe) of nuclear power capacity by 2030
During the period 2025rCo2030, ChinarCOs planned additions for wind, solar, and hydro power combined exceed 1,000 GW (1 terawatt).

Do you have power development plans? Are there annual, two-year, five-year, and ten-year plans? And what percentage of these targets are actually achieved?

==================================================

Electricity Generation Share (a more critical metric)

- 2023: Coal-fired power accounted for 61.6% of total electricity generation (coal dominates thermal power generation).
- Trend:
- 2026 (based on latest data): Thermal powerrCOs share has declined to 64.8%, with coal power making up approximately 62%.
- 2030: Under ChinarCOs target of achieving a 25% non-fossil energy share in total energy consumption, coal powerrCOs generation share is expected to fall to 40rCo45%.
- 2035: Further decline to 25rCo30%.
- 2040: Expected to drop to 15rCo20%, and in certain regions (e.g., Northwest and Southwest China), it could fall below 10%.

Efoi Note: Even if coal capacity remains relatively high, coal-fired units will operate at significantly lower utilization hoursrCodeclining from the current over 4,500 hours/year to 2,000rCo3,000 hours/yearrCoeffectively shifting their role to "capacity reserve" rather than baseload generation.

Authoritative Forecasts on ChinarCOs Coal Power Generation Share:

- The International Energy Agency (IEA) projects that coal-fired powerrCOs share of electricity generation in China will decline to 30% by 2035 and approach 10% by 2050.

- Rystad Energy forecasts that starting in 2026, combined wind and solar power generation will surpass coal power in volume. However, due to grid stability and reliability considerations, a certain level of coal-fired capacity will still need to be retained.

- According to internal research by ChinarCOs National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and the National Energy Administration, the coal power generation share is expected to fall to no more than 45% by 2030 and no more than 30% by 2035.

- The Institute of Carbon Neutrality at Tsinghua University estimates that by 2040, coal power will account for approximately 15rCo18% of ChinarCOs total electricity generation.

Conclusion

The ultimate goal is not to eliminate coal power entirely, but to transition it from a primary power source to a strategic backup, ensuring energy security while achieving deep decarbonization.

This phased transition reflects ChinarCOs pragmatic rCLestablish first, then phase outrCY approach and aligns with global energy transformation trends.

===============================================
As of 2026, ChinarCOs nuclear power technology has fully entered the global forefront, achieving a historic leaprCofrom rCLcatching uprCY to rCLkeeping pace,rCY and now to rCLleading the wayrCYrCoin multiple key areas. The overall technological capability can be summarized as:

rCLFull domestic autonomy in Generation III, global leadership in Generation IV, accelerated breakthroughs in fusion, and a fully controllable industrial chain.rCY

ChinarCOs nuclear power technology now firmly stands among the worldrCOs top tier, holding a globally leading positionrCoparticularly in Generation IV nuclear energy systems and advanced nuclear fuel cycles.

- Generation III nuclear power: ChinarCOs domestically developed reactors (e.g., Hualong One, CAP1400) are among the worldrCOs mainstream designs, with the highest degree of localization globally.
- Generation IV nuclear power: China is the only country in the world to have achieved commercial operation of a Generation IV reactorrCothe high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR).
- Nuclear fusion: China is on par with the U.S., Europe, and Japan, and leads in certain performance metrics.
- Other Generation IV technologies are advancing in parallel:
- Sodium-cooled fast reactors: The China Experimental Fast Reactor (CEFR) is already operational, and the China Fast Reactor 600 (CFR-600) is under construction, aiming to improve uranium resource utilization by over 60 times.
- Thorium-based molten salt reactors: A 2 MWt liquid-fueled thorium molten salt experimental reactor in Wuwei, Gansu Province, has been completed and successfully demonstrated the thoriumrCouranium fuel cyclerComaking it the worldrCOs only operating facility of its kind.
- Small Modular Reactors (SMRs): The rCLLinglong OnerCY (ACP100) has become the worldrCOs first land-based SMR to pass IAEA safety review, suitable for power supply to islands and remote regions.

Currently, ChinarCOs nuclear power share in electricity generation remains well below the global average (~10%), far behind France (~70%) and the United States (~18%). In 2023, nuclear power accounted for approximately 4.9% of ChinarCOs total electricity generation. According to ChinarCOs official plansrCoincluding the14th Five-Year Plan for a Modern Energy System and its medium-to-long-term nuclear energy strategyrCothe target is to raise this share to around 10% by 2035. To achieve this, China is rapidly expanding its nuclear power capacity.

China has recently accelerated its nuclear power expansion for the following key reasons:

- Technology maturity and successful safety validation;
- The large-scale integration of wind and solar power has exposed grid stability challenges;
- Geopolitical conflicts and supply chain risks have become increasingly evident;
- Declining nuclear construction costs, coupled with rising carbon pricing, have enhanced its competitiveness;
- A strategic need to reduce dependence on imported oil and gas;
- The requirement for a stable, clean baseload power source to support decarbonization goals;
- Full technological self-reliance and mature engineering capabilities now provide the confidence for large-scale deployment;
- Growing electricity demand from new quality productive forcesrCosuch as AI, data centers, and advanced manufacturingrCocreates urgent power needs;
- Nuclear power has become a rCLnew national calling cardrCY in global strategic competition.

Therefore, this "nuclear power acceleration" is a strategic imperative for China to achieve four critical objectives: energy independence, carbon neutrality, technological self-reliance, and industrial upgrading. It is both a defensive response to emerging crises and a proactive, forward-looking initiative for the future.
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