• The long history of kidnapping Latin American Chieftains

    From Julian@julianlzb87@gmail.com to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 13:23:37 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny
    exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from
    previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Donald TrumprCOs capture of Nicolas Maduro, President of Venezuela, is no exception. Kidnapping Latin American emperors is a continental
    tradition. ItrCOs simply most practical method for breaking the chain of command in the region. It triggers succession chaos, enables the
    extraction of resources, and keeps the rest of the hierarchy more or
    less intact. In earlier centuries, it was Spain and Portugal. Today,
    itrCOs the United States.

    In the colonial era, the objective was to secure enough gold to beat
    European rivals. Now, with an astonishing 90 per cent of VenezuelarCOs oil produce heading to China, itrCOs about ensuring dominance over East Asia.
    And there has never been a better way of establishing dominance than by carrying out a good kidnapping.

    The first to try it in Latin America were the original Spanish
    conquerors led by Christopher Columbus. When he sunk his leather boots
    into the warm Caribbean sands in 1492, he discovered a continent of unprecedented size and a near-endless source of human slaves. But
    military resistance was immediate, and an Indian chieftain called
    Caonab|| was the fiercest of all, directing surprise attacks that killed nearly all the men Columbus left on the islands when he regularly popped
    back to Spain. When the Admiral heard the news, he sent a terrible
    deputy, Alonso de Ojeda, to sort out Caonab|| and eradicate any opposition.

    Ojeda, approaching the Indian chieftain peacefully with a mere handful
    of men, offered the chief some polished brass handcuffs and shackles,
    saying that they were rCyroyal ornamentsrCO worn by kings in Spain that offered them divine and magical properties. Caonab|| believed him. And so
    he let the Spaniard put them on. Then, Ojeda snapped them shut,
    kidnapped the chief, and galloped back to his settlement rCo effectively decapitating the nativerCOs leadership. The entire culture crumbled soon after, and slaves poured into Seville. And I imagine the sketching of Caonab||rCOs face looked just like the pep shots of Maduro that have been circulating on social media today.

    A few decades later, the conquistador Hern|in Cort|-s landed in
    Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, and discovered yet another
    ancient civilization. This time, though, the sheer scale and
    sophistication of the Aztecs surpassed even the greatest cities back in Europe. The Emperor Moctezuma II, feeling untroubled by a couple hundred
    badly smelling foreigners, invited him into the city to show Cort|-s his personal aviary. The conquistador, following the Spanish tradition, immediately kidnapped him and put him under palace arrest.

    Much like TrumprCOs recent announcement that the US would be running
    Venezuela for the time being, Cort|-s, too, governed the Aztec empire
    with Moctezuma as a puppet. The successful kidnap meant gold flowed back
    to Spain in abundance, but the emperor himself soon died after being
    taken onto the palace rooftop to try and calm his subjects. One of them, unhappy with the emperorrCOs performance, ended the whole charade by
    throwing a rock at his head.

    Perhaps the most uncanny example happened a few years later, when
    another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, landed on the shores of
    Peru to discover an even bigger empire: the Inca. Their emperor,
    Atahualpa, also looked upon these straggly foreigners with little cause
    for concern. A gambling man, Pizarro took the biggest risk of his life
    by getting his priest to read the Inca emperor the Requerimiento; a
    forced submission to Christianity with cultural roots in the Moorish tradition, recently expunged from Spain, of the summons to accept Islam
    or be attacked.

    Atahualpa refused, as all self-respecting Latin American emperors did in
    the face of foreign conquest, but misjudged the cunning of the Spanish,
    who promptly closed the palace gates, locked out his army, butchered his bodyguards and, as per tradition, kidnapped the emperor and held him to ransom. Like Maduro, Atahualpa was handed a set of trumped up legal
    charges rCo in this case rCyidolatryrCO and adultery (the emperor enjoyed many wives). His kidnapping lasted 8 months before the Spanish strangled him
    with an iron collar, but not before being forcibly baptised as rCyDon FranciscorCO after his conqueror and tormentor, Francisco Pizarro.

    It did not surprise me to see that Nicolas Maduro, too, has already
    ended up in todayrCOs cultural equivalent of the ritual humiliation once offered as forced baptism. Maduro and his sovereignty were instantly
    mocked online, videos of American eagles eyeing up his power, were
    quickly reposted on Donald TrumprCOs Truth Social feed. Stuck in his cell
    in New York, awaiting trial, Maduro will take little comfort in the
    knowledge that herCOs just the latest Latin American leader to go through
    this process.


    Max Horder
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Noah Sombrero@fedora@fea.st to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 09:56:30 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    On Mon, 5 Jan 2026 13:23:37 +0000, Julian <julianlzb87@gmail.com>
    wrote:

    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny >exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from >previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Watch out, a supposed anthropologist is going to say good things about
    hilmbo.

    Donald TrumpAs capture of Nicolas Maduro, President of Venezuela, is no >exception. Kidnapping Latin American emperors is a continental
    tradition. ItAs simply most practical method for breaking the chain of >command in the region. It triggers succession chaos, enables the
    extraction of resources, and keeps the rest of the hierarchy more or
    less intact. In earlier centuries, it was Spain and Portugal. Today,
    itAs the United States.

    In the colonial era, the objective was to secure enough gold to beat >European rivals. Now, with an astonishing 90 per cent of VenezuelaAs oil >produce heading to China, itAs about ensuring dominance over East Asia.
    And there has never been a better way of establishing dominance than by >carrying out a good kidnapping.

    The first to try it in Latin America were the original Spanish
    conquerors led by Christopher Columbus. When he sunk his leather boots
    into the warm Caribbean sands in 1492, he discovered a continent of >unprecedented size and a near-endless source of human slaves. But
    military resistance was immediate, and an Indian chieftain called
    Caonab< was the fiercest of all, directing surprise attacks that killed >nearly all the men Columbus left on the islands when he regularly popped >back to Spain. When the Admiral heard the news, he sent a terrible
    deputy, Alonso de Ojeda, to sort out Caonab< and eradicate any opposition.

    Ojeda, approaching the Indian chieftain peacefully with a mere handful
    of men, offered the chief some polished brass handcuffs and shackles,
    saying that they were aroyal ornamentsA worn by kings in Spain that
    offered them divine and magical properties. Caonab< believed him. And so
    he let the Spaniard put them on. Then, Ojeda snapped them shut,
    kidnapped the chief, and galloped back to his settlement u effectively >decapitating the nativeAs leadership. The entire culture crumbled soon >after, and slaves poured into Seville. And I imagine the sketching of >Caonab<As face looked just like the pep shots of Maduro that have been >circulating on social media today.

    A few decades later, the conquistador Hernbn Cortos landed in
    Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, and discovered yet another
    ancient civilization. This time, though, the sheer scale and
    sophistication of the Aztecs surpassed even the greatest cities back in >Europe. The Emperor Moctezuma II, feeling untroubled by a couple hundred >badly smelling foreigners, invited him into the city to show Cortos his >personal aviary. The conquistador, following the Spanish tradition, >immediately kidnapped him and put him under palace arrest.

    Much like TrumpAs recent announcement that the US would be running
    Venezuela for the time being, Cortos, too, governed the Aztec empire
    with Moctezuma as a puppet. The successful kidnap meant gold flowed back
    to Spain in abundance, but the emperor himself soon died after being
    taken onto the palace rooftop to try and calm his subjects. One of them, >unhappy with the emperorAs performance, ended the whole charade by
    throwing a rock at his head.

    Perhaps the most uncanny example happened a few years later, when
    another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, landed on the shores of >Peru to discover an even bigger empire: the Inca. Their emperor,
    Atahualpa, also looked upon these straggly foreigners with little cause
    for concern. A gambling man, Pizarro took the biggest risk of his life
    by getting his priest to read the Inca emperor the Requerimiento; a
    forced submission to Christianity with cultural roots in the Moorish >tradition, recently expunged from Spain, of the summons to accept Islam
    or be attacked.

    Atahualpa refused, as all self-respecting Latin American emperors did in
    the face of foreign conquest, but misjudged the cunning of the Spanish,
    who promptly closed the palace gates, locked out his army, butchered his >bodyguards and, as per tradition, kidnapped the emperor and held him to >ransom. Like Maduro, Atahualpa was handed a set of trumped up legal
    charges u in this case aidolatryA and adultery (the emperor enjoyed many >wives). His kidnapping lasted 8 months before the Spanish strangled him
    with an iron collar, but not before being forcibly baptised as aDon >FranciscoA after his conqueror and tormentor, Francisco Pizarro.

    It did not surprise me to see that Nicolas Maduro, too, has already
    ended up in todayAs cultural equivalent of the ritual humiliation once >offered as forced baptism. Maduro and his sovereignty were instantly
    mocked online, videos of American eagles eyeing up his power, were
    quickly reposted on Donald TrumpAs Truth Social feed. Stuck in his cell
    in New York, awaiting trial, Maduro will take little comfort in the >knowledge that heAs just the latest Latin American leader to go through
    this process.


    Max Horder
    --
    Noah Sombrero mustachioed villain
    Don't get political with me young man
    or I'll tie you to a railroad track and
    <<<talk>>> to <<<YOOooooo>>>
    Who dares to talk to El Sombrero?
    dares: Ned
    does not dare: Julian shrinks in horror and warns others away

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Tara@tsm@fastmail.ca to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 15:52:46 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 8:23:37rC>AM EST, "Julian" <julianlzb87@gmail.com> wrote:

    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from
    previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Donald TrumprCOs capture of Nicolas Maduro, President of Venezuela, is no exception. Kidnapping Latin American emperors is a continental
    tradition. ItrCOs simply most practical method for breaking the chain of command in the region. It triggers succession chaos, enables the
    extraction of resources, and keeps the rest of the hierarchy more or
    less intact. In earlier centuries, it was Spain and Portugal. Today,
    itrCOs the United States.

    In the colonial era, the objective was to secure enough gold to beat
    European rivals. Now, with an astonishing 90 per cent of VenezuelarCOs oil produce heading to China, itrCOs about ensuring dominance over East Asia.
    And there has never been a better way of establishing dominance than by carrying out a good kidnapping.

    The first to try it in Latin America were the original Spanish
    conquerors led by Christopher Columbus. When he sunk his leather boots
    into the warm Caribbean sands in 1492, he discovered a continent of unprecedented size and a near-endless source of human slaves. But
    military resistance was immediate, and an Indian chieftain called
    Caonab|| was the fiercest of all, directing surprise attacks that killed nearly all the men Columbus left on the islands when he regularly popped
    back to Spain. When the Admiral heard the news, he sent a terrible
    deputy, Alonso de Ojeda, to sort out Caonab|| and eradicate any opposition.

    Ojeda, approaching the Indian chieftain peacefully with a mere handful
    of men, offered the chief some polished brass handcuffs and shackles,
    saying that they were rCyroyal ornamentsrCO worn by kings in Spain that offered them divine and magical properties. Caonab|| believed him. And so
    he let the Spaniard put them on. Then, Ojeda snapped them shut,
    kidnapped the chief, and galloped back to his settlement rCo effectively decapitating the nativerCOs leadership. The entire culture crumbled soon after, and slaves poured into Seville. And I imagine the sketching of Caonab||rCOs face looked just like the pep shots of Maduro that have been circulating on social media today.

    A few decades later, the conquistador Hern|in Cort|-s landed in
    Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, and discovered yet another
    ancient civilization. This time, though, the sheer scale and
    sophistication of the Aztecs surpassed even the greatest cities back in Europe. The Emperor Moctezuma II, feeling untroubled by a couple hundred badly smelling foreigners, invited him into the city to show Cort|-s his personal aviary. The conquistador, following the Spanish tradition, immediately kidnapped him and put him under palace arrest.

    Much like TrumprCOs recent announcement that the US would be running Venezuela for the time being, Cort|-s, too, governed the Aztec empire
    with Moctezuma as a puppet. The successful kidnap meant gold flowed back
    to Spain in abundance, but the emperor himself soon died after being
    taken onto the palace rooftop to try and calm his subjects. One of them, unhappy with the emperorrCOs performance, ended the whole charade by
    throwing a rock at his head.

    Perhaps the most uncanny example happened a few years later, when
    another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, landed on the shores of
    Peru to discover an even bigger empire: the Inca. Their emperor,
    Atahualpa, also looked upon these straggly foreigners with little cause
    for concern. A gambling man, Pizarro took the biggest risk of his life
    by getting his priest to read the Inca emperor the Requerimiento; a
    forced submission to Christianity with cultural roots in the Moorish tradition, recently expunged from Spain, of the summons to accept Islam
    or be attacked.

    Atahualpa refused, as all self-respecting Latin American emperors did in
    the face of foreign conquest, but misjudged the cunning of the Spanish,
    who promptly closed the palace gates, locked out his army, butchered his bodyguards and, as per tradition, kidnapped the emperor and held him to ransom. Like Maduro, Atahualpa was handed a set of trumped up legal
    charges rCo in this case rCyidolatryrCO and adultery (the emperor enjoyed many
    wives). His kidnapping lasted 8 months before the Spanish strangled him
    with an iron collar, but not before being forcibly baptised as rCyDon FranciscorCO after his conqueror and tormentor, Francisco Pizarro.

    It did not surprise me to see that Nicolas Maduro, too, has already
    ended up in todayrCOs cultural equivalent of the ritual humiliation once offered as forced baptism. Maduro and his sovereignty were instantly
    mocked online, videos of American eagles eyeing up his power, were
    quickly reposted on Donald TrumprCOs Truth Social feed. Stuck in his cell
    in New York, awaiting trial, Maduro will take little comfort in the
    knowledge that herCOs just the latest Latin American leader to go through this process.


    Max Horder



    "We learn from history that we do not learn from history"
    - Hegel
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Tara@tsm@fastmail.ca to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 16:02:19 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 10:52:46rC>AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 8:23:37rC>AM EST, "Julian" <julianlzb87@gmail.com> wrote:

    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny
    exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from
    previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Donald TrumprCOs capture of Nicolas Maduro, President of Venezuela, is no
    exception. Kidnapping Latin American emperors is a continental
    tradition. ItrCOs simply most practical method for breaking the chain of
    command in the region. It triggers succession chaos, enables the
    extraction of resources, and keeps the rest of the hierarchy more or
    less intact. In earlier centuries, it was Spain and Portugal. Today,
    itrCOs the United States.

    In the colonial era, the objective was to secure enough gold to beat
    European rivals. Now, with an astonishing 90 per cent of VenezuelarCOs oil >> produce heading to China, itrCOs about ensuring dominance over East Asia.
    And there has never been a better way of establishing dominance than by
    carrying out a good kidnapping.

    The first to try it in Latin America were the original Spanish
    conquerors led by Christopher Columbus. When he sunk his leather boots
    into the warm Caribbean sands in 1492, he discovered a continent of
    unprecedented size and a near-endless source of human slaves. But
    military resistance was immediate, and an Indian chieftain called
    Caonab|| was the fiercest of all, directing surprise attacks that killed
    nearly all the men Columbus left on the islands when he regularly popped
    back to Spain. When the Admiral heard the news, he sent a terrible
    deputy, Alonso de Ojeda, to sort out Caonab|| and eradicate any opposition. >>
    Ojeda, approaching the Indian chieftain peacefully with a mere handful
    of men, offered the chief some polished brass handcuffs and shackles,
    saying that they were rCyroyal ornamentsrCO worn by kings in Spain that
    offered them divine and magical properties. Caonab|| believed him. And so
    he let the Spaniard put them on. Then, Ojeda snapped them shut,
    kidnapped the chief, and galloped back to his settlement rCo effectively
    decapitating the nativerCOs leadership. The entire culture crumbled soon
    after, and slaves poured into Seville. And I imagine the sketching of
    Caonab||rCOs face looked just like the pep shots of Maduro that have been
    circulating on social media today.

    A few decades later, the conquistador Hern|in Cort|-s landed in
    Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, and discovered yet another
    ancient civilization. This time, though, the sheer scale and
    sophistication of the Aztecs surpassed even the greatest cities back in
    Europe. The Emperor Moctezuma II, feeling untroubled by a couple hundred
    badly smelling foreigners, invited him into the city to show Cort|-s his
    personal aviary. The conquistador, following the Spanish tradition,
    immediately kidnapped him and put him under palace arrest.

    Much like TrumprCOs recent announcement that the US would be running
    Venezuela for the time being, Cort|-s, too, governed the Aztec empire
    with Moctezuma as a puppet. The successful kidnap meant gold flowed back
    to Spain in abundance, but the emperor himself soon died after being
    taken onto the palace rooftop to try and calm his subjects. One of them,
    unhappy with the emperorrCOs performance, ended the whole charade by
    throwing a rock at his head.

    Perhaps the most uncanny example happened a few years later, when
    another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, landed on the shores of
    Peru to discover an even bigger empire: the Inca. Their emperor,
    Atahualpa, also looked upon these straggly foreigners with little cause
    for concern. A gambling man, Pizarro took the biggest risk of his life
    by getting his priest to read the Inca emperor the Requerimiento; a
    forced submission to Christianity with cultural roots in the Moorish
    tradition, recently expunged from Spain, of the summons to accept Islam
    or be attacked.

    Atahualpa refused, as all self-respecting Latin American emperors did in
    the face of foreign conquest, but misjudged the cunning of the Spanish,
    who promptly closed the palace gates, locked out his army, butchered his
    bodyguards and, as per tradition, kidnapped the emperor and held him to
    ransom. Like Maduro, Atahualpa was handed a set of trumped up legal
    charges rCo in this case rCyidolatryrCO and adultery (the emperor enjoyed many
    wives). His kidnapping lasted 8 months before the Spanish strangled him
    with an iron collar, but not before being forcibly baptised as rCyDon
    FranciscorCO after his conqueror and tormentor, Francisco Pizarro.

    It did not surprise me to see that Nicolas Maduro, too, has already
    ended up in todayrCOs cultural equivalent of the ritual humiliation once
    offered as forced baptism. Maduro and his sovereignty were instantly
    mocked online, videos of American eagles eyeing up his power, were
    quickly reposted on Donald TrumprCOs Truth Social feed. Stuck in his cell
    in New York, awaiting trial, Maduro will take little comfort in the
    knowledge that herCOs just the latest Latin American leader to go through
    this process.


    Max Horder



    "We learn from history that we do not learn from history"
    - Hegel

    Hegel didn't actually say this but it sounds good anyway.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Noah Sombrero@fedora@fea.st to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 11:03:03 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    On Mon, 5 Jan 2026 16:02:19 -0000 (UTC), Tara <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 10:52:46?AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 8:23:37?AM EST, "Julian" <julianlzb87@gmail.com> wrote:

    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny
    exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from
    previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Donald TrumpAs capture of Nicolas Maduro, President of Venezuela, is no
    exception. Kidnapping Latin American emperors is a continental
    tradition. ItAs simply most practical method for breaking the chain of
    command in the region. It triggers succession chaos, enables the
    extraction of resources, and keeps the rest of the hierarchy more or
    less intact. In earlier centuries, it was Spain and Portugal. Today,
    itAs the United States.

    In the colonial era, the objective was to secure enough gold to beat
    European rivals. Now, with an astonishing 90 per cent of VenezuelaAs oil >>> produce heading to China, itAs about ensuring dominance over East Asia.
    And there has never been a better way of establishing dominance than by
    carrying out a good kidnapping.

    The first to try it in Latin America were the original Spanish
    conquerors led by Christopher Columbus. When he sunk his leather boots
    into the warm Caribbean sands in 1492, he discovered a continent of
    unprecedented size and a near-endless source of human slaves. But
    military resistance was immediate, and an Indian chieftain called
    Caonab< was the fiercest of all, directing surprise attacks that killed
    nearly all the men Columbus left on the islands when he regularly popped >>> back to Spain. When the Admiral heard the news, he sent a terrible
    deputy, Alonso de Ojeda, to sort out Caonab< and eradicate any opposition. >>>
    Ojeda, approaching the Indian chieftain peacefully with a mere handful
    of men, offered the chief some polished brass handcuffs and shackles,
    saying that they were aroyal ornamentsA worn by kings in Spain that
    offered them divine and magical properties. Caonab< believed him. And so >>> he let the Spaniard put them on. Then, Ojeda snapped them shut,
    kidnapped the chief, and galloped back to his settlement u effectively
    decapitating the nativeAs leadership. The entire culture crumbled soon
    after, and slaves poured into Seville. And I imagine the sketching of
    Caonab<As face looked just like the pep shots of Maduro that have been
    circulating on social media today.

    A few decades later, the conquistador Hernbn Cortos landed in
    Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, and discovered yet another
    ancient civilization. This time, though, the sheer scale and
    sophistication of the Aztecs surpassed even the greatest cities back in
    Europe. The Emperor Moctezuma II, feeling untroubled by a couple hundred >>> badly smelling foreigners, invited him into the city to show Cortos his
    personal aviary. The conquistador, following the Spanish tradition,
    immediately kidnapped him and put him under palace arrest.

    Much like TrumpAs recent announcement that the US would be running
    Venezuela for the time being, Cortos, too, governed the Aztec empire
    with Moctezuma as a puppet. The successful kidnap meant gold flowed back >>> to Spain in abundance, but the emperor himself soon died after being
    taken onto the palace rooftop to try and calm his subjects. One of them, >>> unhappy with the emperorAs performance, ended the whole charade by
    throwing a rock at his head.

    Perhaps the most uncanny example happened a few years later, when
    another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, landed on the shores of >>> Peru to discover an even bigger empire: the Inca. Their emperor,
    Atahualpa, also looked upon these straggly foreigners with little cause
    for concern. A gambling man, Pizarro took the biggest risk of his life
    by getting his priest to read the Inca emperor the Requerimiento; a
    forced submission to Christianity with cultural roots in the Moorish
    tradition, recently expunged from Spain, of the summons to accept Islam
    or be attacked.

    Atahualpa refused, as all self-respecting Latin American emperors did in >>> the face of foreign conquest, but misjudged the cunning of the Spanish,
    who promptly closed the palace gates, locked out his army, butchered his >>> bodyguards and, as per tradition, kidnapped the emperor and held him to
    ransom. Like Maduro, Atahualpa was handed a set of trumped up legal
    charges u in this case aidolatryA and adultery (the emperor enjoyed many >>> wives). His kidnapping lasted 8 months before the Spanish strangled him
    with an iron collar, but not before being forcibly baptised as aDon
    FranciscoA after his conqueror and tormentor, Francisco Pizarro.

    It did not surprise me to see that Nicolas Maduro, too, has already
    ended up in todayAs cultural equivalent of the ritual humiliation once
    offered as forced baptism. Maduro and his sovereignty were instantly
    mocked online, videos of American eagles eyeing up his power, were
    quickly reposted on Donald TrumpAs Truth Social feed. Stuck in his cell
    in New York, awaiting trial, Maduro will take little comfort in the
    knowledge that heAs just the latest Latin American leader to go through
    this process.


    Max Horder



    "We learn from history that we do not learn from history"
    - Hegel

    Hegel didn't actually say this but it sounds good anyway.

    Figgers.
    --
    Noah Sombrero mustachioed villain
    Don't get political with me young man
    or I'll tie you to a railroad track and
    <<<talk>>> to <<<YOOooooo>>>
    Who dares to talk to El Sombrero?
    dares: Ned
    does not dare: Julian shrinks in horror and warns others away

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Tara@tsm@fastmail.ca to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 16:11:59 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 11:02:19rC>AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 10:52:46rC>AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 8:23:37rC>AM EST, "Julian" <julianlzb87@gmail.com> wrote: >>
    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny
    exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from
    previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Donald TrumprCOs capture of Nicolas Maduro, President of Venezuela, is no >>> exception. Kidnapping Latin American emperors is a continental
    tradition. ItrCOs simply most practical method for breaking the chain of >>> command in the region. It triggers succession chaos, enables the
    extraction of resources, and keeps the rest of the hierarchy more or
    less intact. In earlier centuries, it was Spain and Portugal. Today,
    itrCOs the United States.

    In the colonial era, the objective was to secure enough gold to beat
    European rivals. Now, with an astonishing 90 per cent of VenezuelarCOs oil >>> produce heading to China, itrCOs about ensuring dominance over East Asia. >>> And there has never been a better way of establishing dominance than by
    carrying out a good kidnapping.

    The first to try it in Latin America were the original Spanish
    conquerors led by Christopher Columbus. When he sunk his leather boots
    into the warm Caribbean sands in 1492, he discovered a continent of
    unprecedented size and a near-endless source of human slaves. But
    military resistance was immediate, and an Indian chieftain called
    Caonab|| was the fiercest of all, directing surprise attacks that killed >>> nearly all the men Columbus left on the islands when he regularly popped >>> back to Spain. When the Admiral heard the news, he sent a terrible
    deputy, Alonso de Ojeda, to sort out Caonab|| and eradicate any opposition. >>>
    Ojeda, approaching the Indian chieftain peacefully with a mere handful
    of men, offered the chief some polished brass handcuffs and shackles,
    saying that they were rCyroyal ornamentsrCO worn by kings in Spain that
    offered them divine and magical properties. Caonab|| believed him. And so >>> he let the Spaniard put them on. Then, Ojeda snapped them shut,
    kidnapped the chief, and galloped back to his settlement rCo effectively >>> decapitating the nativerCOs leadership. The entire culture crumbled soon >>> after, and slaves poured into Seville. And I imagine the sketching of
    Caonab||rCOs face looked just like the pep shots of Maduro that have been >>> circulating on social media today.

    A few decades later, the conquistador Hern|in Cort|-s landed in
    Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, and discovered yet another
    ancient civilization. This time, though, the sheer scale and
    sophistication of the Aztecs surpassed even the greatest cities back in
    Europe. The Emperor Moctezuma II, feeling untroubled by a couple hundred >>> badly smelling foreigners, invited him into the city to show Cort|-s his >>> personal aviary. The conquistador, following the Spanish tradition,
    immediately kidnapped him and put him under palace arrest.

    Much like TrumprCOs recent announcement that the US would be running
    Venezuela for the time being, Cort|-s, too, governed the Aztec empire
    with Moctezuma as a puppet. The successful kidnap meant gold flowed back >>> to Spain in abundance, but the emperor himself soon died after being
    taken onto the palace rooftop to try and calm his subjects. One of them, >>> unhappy with the emperorrCOs performance, ended the whole charade by
    throwing a rock at his head.

    Perhaps the most uncanny example happened a few years later, when
    another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, landed on the shores of >>> Peru to discover an even bigger empire: the Inca. Their emperor,
    Atahualpa, also looked upon these straggly foreigners with little cause
    for concern. A gambling man, Pizarro took the biggest risk of his life
    by getting his priest to read the Inca emperor the Requerimiento; a
    forced submission to Christianity with cultural roots in the Moorish
    tradition, recently expunged from Spain, of the summons to accept Islam
    or be attacked.

    Atahualpa refused, as all self-respecting Latin American emperors did in >>> the face of foreign conquest, but misjudged the cunning of the Spanish,
    who promptly closed the palace gates, locked out his army, butchered his >>> bodyguards and, as per tradition, kidnapped the emperor and held him to
    ransom. Like Maduro, Atahualpa was handed a set of trumped up legal
    charges rCo in this case rCyidolatryrCO and adultery (the emperor enjoyed many
    wives). His kidnapping lasted 8 months before the Spanish strangled him
    with an iron collar, but not before being forcibly baptised as rCyDon
    FranciscorCO after his conqueror and tormentor, Francisco Pizarro.

    It did not surprise me to see that Nicolas Maduro, too, has already
    ended up in todayrCOs cultural equivalent of the ritual humiliation once >>> offered as forced baptism. Maduro and his sovereignty were instantly
    mocked online, videos of American eagles eyeing up his power, were
    quickly reposted on Donald TrumprCOs Truth Social feed. Stuck in his cell >>> in New York, awaiting trial, Maduro will take little comfort in the
    knowledge that herCOs just the latest Latin American leader to go through >>> this process.


    Max Horder



    "We learn from history that we do not learn from history"
    - Hegel

    Hegel didn't actually say this but it sounds good anyway.

    Hegel did say:
    "But what experience and history teach is this, - that peoples and governments never have learned anything from history, or acted on principles deduced from it."


    I disagree on a personal level. I think that if an experience is profound enough, we learn to not repeat it.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Tara@tsm@fastmail.ca to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 16:18:30 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 11:11:59rC>AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 11:02:19rC>AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 10:52:46rC>AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 8:23:37rC>AM EST, "Julian" <julianlzb87@gmail.com> wrote: >>>
    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny
    exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from
    previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Donald TrumprCOs capture of Nicolas Maduro, President of Venezuela, is no >>>> exception. Kidnapping Latin American emperors is a continental
    tradition. ItrCOs simply most practical method for breaking the chain of >>>> command in the region. It triggers succession chaos, enables the
    extraction of resources, and keeps the rest of the hierarchy more or
    less intact. In earlier centuries, it was Spain and Portugal. Today,
    itrCOs the United States.

    In the colonial era, the objective was to secure enough gold to beat
    European rivals. Now, with an astonishing 90 per cent of VenezuelarCOs oil >>>> produce heading to China, itrCOs about ensuring dominance over East Asia. >>>> And there has never been a better way of establishing dominance than by >>>> carrying out a good kidnapping.

    The first to try it in Latin America were the original Spanish
    conquerors led by Christopher Columbus. When he sunk his leather boots >>>> into the warm Caribbean sands in 1492, he discovered a continent of
    unprecedented size and a near-endless source of human slaves. But
    military resistance was immediate, and an Indian chieftain called
    Caonab|| was the fiercest of all, directing surprise attacks that killed >>>> nearly all the men Columbus left on the islands when he regularly popped >>>> back to Spain. When the Admiral heard the news, he sent a terrible
    deputy, Alonso de Ojeda, to sort out Caonab|| and eradicate any opposition.

    Ojeda, approaching the Indian chieftain peacefully with a mere handful >>>> of men, offered the chief some polished brass handcuffs and shackles,
    saying that they were rCyroyal ornamentsrCO worn by kings in Spain that >>>> offered them divine and magical properties. Caonab|| believed him. And so >>>> he let the Spaniard put them on. Then, Ojeda snapped them shut,
    kidnapped the chief, and galloped back to his settlement rCo effectively >>>> decapitating the nativerCOs leadership. The entire culture crumbled soon >>>> after, and slaves poured into Seville. And I imagine the sketching of
    Caonab||rCOs face looked just like the pep shots of Maduro that have been >>>> circulating on social media today.

    A few decades later, the conquistador Hern|in Cort|-s landed in
    Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, and discovered yet another
    ancient civilization. This time, though, the sheer scale and
    sophistication of the Aztecs surpassed even the greatest cities back in >>>> Europe. The Emperor Moctezuma II, feeling untroubled by a couple hundred >>>> badly smelling foreigners, invited him into the city to show Cort|-s his >>>> personal aviary. The conquistador, following the Spanish tradition,
    immediately kidnapped him and put him under palace arrest.

    Much like TrumprCOs recent announcement that the US would be running
    Venezuela for the time being, Cort|-s, too, governed the Aztec empire
    with Moctezuma as a puppet. The successful kidnap meant gold flowed back >>>> to Spain in abundance, but the emperor himself soon died after being
    taken onto the palace rooftop to try and calm his subjects. One of them, >>>> unhappy with the emperorrCOs performance, ended the whole charade by
    throwing a rock at his head.

    Perhaps the most uncanny example happened a few years later, when
    another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, landed on the shores of >>>> Peru to discover an even bigger empire: the Inca. Their emperor,
    Atahualpa, also looked upon these straggly foreigners with little cause >>>> for concern. A gambling man, Pizarro took the biggest risk of his life >>>> by getting his priest to read the Inca emperor the Requerimiento; a
    forced submission to Christianity with cultural roots in the Moorish
    tradition, recently expunged from Spain, of the summons to accept Islam >>>> or be attacked.

    Atahualpa refused, as all self-respecting Latin American emperors did in >>>> the face of foreign conquest, but misjudged the cunning of the Spanish, >>>> who promptly closed the palace gates, locked out his army, butchered his >>>> bodyguards and, as per tradition, kidnapped the emperor and held him to >>>> ransom. Like Maduro, Atahualpa was handed a set of trumped up legal
    charges rCo in this case rCyidolatryrCO and adultery (the emperor enjoyed many
    wives). His kidnapping lasted 8 months before the Spanish strangled him >>>> with an iron collar, but not before being forcibly baptised as rCyDon
    FranciscorCO after his conqueror and tormentor, Francisco Pizarro.

    It did not surprise me to see that Nicolas Maduro, too, has already
    ended up in todayrCOs cultural equivalent of the ritual humiliation once >>>> offered as forced baptism. Maduro and his sovereignty were instantly
    mocked online, videos of American eagles eyeing up his power, were
    quickly reposted on Donald TrumprCOs Truth Social feed. Stuck in his cell >>>> in New York, awaiting trial, Maduro will take little comfort in the
    knowledge that herCOs just the latest Latin American leader to go through >>>> this process.


    Max Horder



    "We learn from history that we do not learn from history"
    - Hegel

    Hegel didn't actually say this but it sounds good anyway.

    Hegel did say:
    "But what experience and history teach is this, - that peoples and governments
    never have learned anything from history, or acted on principles deduced from it."


    I disagree on a personal level. I think that if an experience is profound enough, we learn to not repeat it.

    An exceptionally bad experience, that is. The good experiences don't appear to have the same impact - we tend to take those for granted.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Noah Sombrero@fedora@fea.st to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 12:54:09 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    On Mon, 5 Jan 2026 16:11:59 -0000 (UTC), Tara <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 11:02:19?AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 10:52:46?AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 8:23:37?AM EST, "Julian" <julianlzb87@gmail.com> wrote: >>>
    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny
    exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from
    previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Donald TrumpAs capture of Nicolas Maduro, President of Venezuela, is no >>>> exception. Kidnapping Latin American emperors is a continental
    tradition. ItAs simply most practical method for breaking the chain of >>>> command in the region. It triggers succession chaos, enables the
    extraction of resources, and keeps the rest of the hierarchy more or
    less intact. In earlier centuries, it was Spain and Portugal. Today,
    itAs the United States.

    In the colonial era, the objective was to secure enough gold to beat
    European rivals. Now, with an astonishing 90 per cent of VenezuelaAs oil >>>> produce heading to China, itAs about ensuring dominance over East Asia. >>>> And there has never been a better way of establishing dominance than by >>>> carrying out a good kidnapping.

    The first to try it in Latin America were the original Spanish
    conquerors led by Christopher Columbus. When he sunk his leather boots >>>> into the warm Caribbean sands in 1492, he discovered a continent of
    unprecedented size and a near-endless source of human slaves. But
    military resistance was immediate, and an Indian chieftain called
    Caonab< was the fiercest of all, directing surprise attacks that killed >>>> nearly all the men Columbus left on the islands when he regularly popped >>>> back to Spain. When the Admiral heard the news, he sent a terrible
    deputy, Alonso de Ojeda, to sort out Caonab< and eradicate any opposition. >>>>
    Ojeda, approaching the Indian chieftain peacefully with a mere handful >>>> of men, offered the chief some polished brass handcuffs and shackles,
    saying that they were aroyal ornamentsA worn by kings in Spain that
    offered them divine and magical properties. Caonab< believed him. And so >>>> he let the Spaniard put them on. Then, Ojeda snapped them shut,
    kidnapped the chief, and galloped back to his settlement u effectively >>>> decapitating the nativeAs leadership. The entire culture crumbled soon >>>> after, and slaves poured into Seville. And I imagine the sketching of
    Caonab<As face looked just like the pep shots of Maduro that have been >>>> circulating on social media today.

    A few decades later, the conquistador Hernbn Cortos landed in
    Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, and discovered yet another
    ancient civilization. This time, though, the sheer scale and
    sophistication of the Aztecs surpassed even the greatest cities back in >>>> Europe. The Emperor Moctezuma II, feeling untroubled by a couple hundred >>>> badly smelling foreigners, invited him into the city to show Cortos his >>>> personal aviary. The conquistador, following the Spanish tradition,
    immediately kidnapped him and put him under palace arrest.

    Much like TrumpAs recent announcement that the US would be running
    Venezuela for the time being, Cortos, too, governed the Aztec empire
    with Moctezuma as a puppet. The successful kidnap meant gold flowed back >>>> to Spain in abundance, but the emperor himself soon died after being
    taken onto the palace rooftop to try and calm his subjects. One of them, >>>> unhappy with the emperorAs performance, ended the whole charade by
    throwing a rock at his head.

    Perhaps the most uncanny example happened a few years later, when
    another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, landed on the shores of >>>> Peru to discover an even bigger empire: the Inca. Their emperor,
    Atahualpa, also looked upon these straggly foreigners with little cause >>>> for concern. A gambling man, Pizarro took the biggest risk of his life >>>> by getting his priest to read the Inca emperor the Requerimiento; a
    forced submission to Christianity with cultural roots in the Moorish
    tradition, recently expunged from Spain, of the summons to accept Islam >>>> or be attacked.

    Atahualpa refused, as all self-respecting Latin American emperors did in >>>> the face of foreign conquest, but misjudged the cunning of the Spanish, >>>> who promptly closed the palace gates, locked out his army, butchered his >>>> bodyguards and, as per tradition, kidnapped the emperor and held him to >>>> ransom. Like Maduro, Atahualpa was handed a set of trumped up legal
    charges u in this case aidolatryA and adultery (the emperor enjoyed many >>>> wives). His kidnapping lasted 8 months before the Spanish strangled him >>>> with an iron collar, but not before being forcibly baptised as aDon
    FranciscoA after his conqueror and tormentor, Francisco Pizarro.

    It did not surprise me to see that Nicolas Maduro, too, has already
    ended up in todayAs cultural equivalent of the ritual humiliation once >>>> offered as forced baptism. Maduro and his sovereignty were instantly
    mocked online, videos of American eagles eyeing up his power, were
    quickly reposted on Donald TrumpAs Truth Social feed. Stuck in his cell >>>> in New York, awaiting trial, Maduro will take little comfort in the
    knowledge that heAs just the latest Latin American leader to go through >>>> this process.


    Max Horder



    "We learn from history that we do not learn from history"
    - Hegel

    Hegel didn't actually say this but it sounds good anyway.

    Hegel did say:
    "But what experience and history teach is this, - that peoples and governments >never have learned anything from history, or acted on principles deduced from >it."


    I disagree on a personal level. I think that if an experience is profound >enough, we learn to not repeat it.

    On an individual level that is true. Once humans become a group
    though, group thinking tends to take over.
    --
    Noah Sombrero mustachioed villain
    Don't get political with me young man
    or I'll tie you to a railroad track and
    <<<talk>>> to <<<YOOooooo>>>
    Who dares to talk to El Sombrero?
    dares: Ned
    does not dare: Julian shrinks in horror and warns others away

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Tara@tsm@fastmail.ca to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 18:20:27 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 12:54:09rC>PM EST, "Noah Sombrero" <fedora@fea.st> wrote:

    On Mon, 5 Jan 2026 16:11:59 -0000 (UTC), Tara <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 11:02:19?AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 10:52:46?AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 8:23:37?AM EST, "Julian" <julianlzb87@gmail.com> wrote: >>>>
    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny
    exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from >>>>> previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Donald Trump-As capture of Nicolas Maduro, President of Venezuela, is no >>>>> exception. Kidnapping Latin American emperors is a continental
    tradition. It-As simply most practical method for breaking the chain of >>>>> command in the region. It triggers succession chaos, enables the
    extraction of resources, and keeps the rest of the hierarchy more or >>>>> less intact. In earlier centuries, it was Spain and Portugal. Today, >>>>> it-As the United States.

    In the colonial era, the objective was to secure enough gold to beat >>>>> European rivals. Now, with an astonishing 90 per cent of Venezuela-As oil >>>>> produce heading to China, it-As about ensuring dominance over East Asia. >>>>> And there has never been a better way of establishing dominance than by >>>>> carrying out a good kidnapping.

    The first to try it in Latin America were the original Spanish
    conquerors led by Christopher Columbus. When he sunk his leather boots >>>>> into the warm Caribbean sands in 1492, he discovered a continent of
    unprecedented size and a near-endless source of human slaves. But
    military resistance was immediate, and an Indian chieftain called
    Caonab|| was the fiercest of all, directing surprise attacks that killed >>>>> nearly all the men Columbus left on the islands when he regularly popped >>>>> back to Spain. When the Admiral heard the news, he sent a terrible
    deputy, Alonso de Ojeda, to sort out Caonab|| and eradicate any opposition.

    Ojeda, approaching the Indian chieftain peacefully with a mere handful >>>>> of men, offered the chief some polished brass handcuffs and shackles, >>>>> saying that they were -aroyal ornaments-A worn by kings in Spain that >>>>> offered them divine and magical properties. Caonab|| believed him. And so >>>>> he let the Spaniard put them on. Then, Ojeda snapped them shut,
    kidnapped the chief, and galloped back to his settlement -u effectively >>>>> decapitating the native-As leadership. The entire culture crumbled soon >>>>> after, and slaves poured into Seville. And I imagine the sketching of >>>>> Caonab||-As face looked just like the pep shots of Maduro that have been >>>>> circulating on social media today.

    A few decades later, the conquistador Hern|in Cort|-s landed in
    Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, and discovered yet another
    ancient civilization. This time, though, the sheer scale and
    sophistication of the Aztecs surpassed even the greatest cities back in >>>>> Europe. The Emperor Moctezuma II, feeling untroubled by a couple hundred >>>>> badly smelling foreigners, invited him into the city to show Cort|-s his >>>>> personal aviary. The conquistador, following the Spanish tradition,
    immediately kidnapped him and put him under palace arrest.

    Much like Trump-As recent announcement that the US would be running
    Venezuela for the time being, Cort|-s, too, governed the Aztec empire >>>>> with Moctezuma as a puppet. The successful kidnap meant gold flowed back >>>>> to Spain in abundance, but the emperor himself soon died after being >>>>> taken onto the palace rooftop to try and calm his subjects. One of them, >>>>> unhappy with the emperor-As performance, ended the whole charade by
    throwing a rock at his head.

    Perhaps the most uncanny example happened a few years later, when
    another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, landed on the shores of >>>>> Peru to discover an even bigger empire: the Inca. Their emperor,
    Atahualpa, also looked upon these straggly foreigners with little cause >>>>> for concern. A gambling man, Pizarro took the biggest risk of his life >>>>> by getting his priest to read the Inca emperor the Requerimiento; a
    forced submission to Christianity with cultural roots in the Moorish >>>>> tradition, recently expunged from Spain, of the summons to accept Islam >>>>> or be attacked.

    Atahualpa refused, as all self-respecting Latin American emperors did in >>>>> the face of foreign conquest, but misjudged the cunning of the Spanish, >>>>> who promptly closed the palace gates, locked out his army, butchered his >>>>> bodyguards and, as per tradition, kidnapped the emperor and held him to >>>>> ransom. Like Maduro, Atahualpa was handed a set of trumped up legal
    charges -u in this case -aidolatry-A and adultery (the emperor enjoyed many
    wives). His kidnapping lasted 8 months before the Spanish strangled him >>>>> with an iron collar, but not before being forcibly baptised as -aDon >>>>> Francisco-A after his conqueror and tormentor, Francisco Pizarro.

    It did not surprise me to see that Nicolas Maduro, too, has already
    ended up in today-As cultural equivalent of the ritual humiliation once >>>>> offered as forced baptism. Maduro and his sovereignty were instantly >>>>> mocked online, videos of American eagles eyeing up his power, were
    quickly reposted on Donald Trump-As Truth Social feed. Stuck in his cell >>>>> in New York, awaiting trial, Maduro will take little comfort in the
    knowledge that he-As just the latest Latin American leader to go through >>>>> this process.


    Max Horder



    "We learn from history that we do not learn from history"
    - Hegel

    Hegel didn't actually say this but it sounds good anyway.

    Hegel did say:
    "But what experience and history teach is this, - that peoples and governments
    never have learned anything from history, or acted on principles deduced from
    it."


    I disagree on a personal level. I think that if an experience is profound
    enough, we learn to not repeat it.

    On an individual level that is true. Once humans become a group
    though, group thinking tends to take over.

    Groups are comfy and lack personal responsibility. From my observation, most choose group 'love'.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Dude@punditster@gmail.com to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 10:53:13 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    On 1/5/2026 6:56 AM, Noah Sombrero wrote:
    On Mon, 5 Jan 2026 13:23:37 +0000, Julian <julianlzb87@gmail.com>
    wrote:

    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny
    exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from
    previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Watch out, a supposed anthropologist is going to say good things about hilmbo.

    Question:

    Who is this "hilbo" of which you speak?

    Other questions:

    Why don't you write in English?

    How many native Americans did the French Canadians kidnap?


    Donald TrumprCOs capture of Nicolas Maduro, President of Venezuela, is no
    exception. Kidnapping Latin American emperors is a continental
    tradition. ItrCOs simply most practical method for breaking the chain of
    command in the region. It triggers succession chaos, enables the
    extraction of resources, and keeps the rest of the hierarchy more or
    less intact. In earlier centuries, it was Spain and Portugal. Today,
    itrCOs the United States.

    In the colonial era, the objective was to secure enough gold to beat
    European rivals. Now, with an astonishing 90 per cent of VenezuelarCOs oil >> produce heading to China, itrCOs about ensuring dominance over East Asia.
    And there has never been a better way of establishing dominance than by
    carrying out a good kidnapping.

    The first to try it in Latin America were the original Spanish
    conquerors led by Christopher Columbus. When he sunk his leather boots
    into the warm Caribbean sands in 1492, he discovered a continent of
    unprecedented size and a near-endless source of human slaves. But
    military resistance was immediate, and an Indian chieftain called
    Caonab|| was the fiercest of all, directing surprise attacks that killed
    nearly all the men Columbus left on the islands when he regularly popped
    back to Spain. When the Admiral heard the news, he sent a terrible
    deputy, Alonso de Ojeda, to sort out Caonab|| and eradicate any opposition. >>
    Ojeda, approaching the Indian chieftain peacefully with a mere handful
    of men, offered the chief some polished brass handcuffs and shackles,
    saying that they were rCyroyal ornamentsrCO worn by kings in Spain that
    offered them divine and magical properties. Caonab|| believed him. And so
    he let the Spaniard put them on. Then, Ojeda snapped them shut,
    kidnapped the chief, and galloped back to his settlement rCo effectively
    decapitating the nativerCOs leadership. The entire culture crumbled soon
    after, and slaves poured into Seville. And I imagine the sketching of
    Caonab||rCOs face looked just like the pep shots of Maduro that have been
    circulating on social media today.

    A few decades later, the conquistador Hern|in Cort|-s landed in
    Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, and discovered yet another
    ancient civilization. This time, though, the sheer scale and
    sophistication of the Aztecs surpassed even the greatest cities back in
    Europe. The Emperor Moctezuma II, feeling untroubled by a couple hundred
    badly smelling foreigners, invited him into the city to show Cort|-s his
    personal aviary. The conquistador, following the Spanish tradition,
    immediately kidnapped him and put him under palace arrest.

    Much like TrumprCOs recent announcement that the US would be running
    Venezuela for the time being, Cort|-s, too, governed the Aztec empire
    with Moctezuma as a puppet. The successful kidnap meant gold flowed back
    to Spain in abundance, but the emperor himself soon died after being
    taken onto the palace rooftop to try and calm his subjects. One of them,
    unhappy with the emperorrCOs performance, ended the whole charade by
    throwing a rock at his head.

    Perhaps the most uncanny example happened a few years later, when
    another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, landed on the shores of
    Peru to discover an even bigger empire: the Inca. Their emperor,
    Atahualpa, also looked upon these straggly foreigners with little cause
    for concern. A gambling man, Pizarro took the biggest risk of his life
    by getting his priest to read the Inca emperor the Requerimiento; a
    forced submission to Christianity with cultural roots in the Moorish
    tradition, recently expunged from Spain, of the summons to accept Islam
    or be attacked.

    Atahualpa refused, as all self-respecting Latin American emperors did in
    the face of foreign conquest, but misjudged the cunning of the Spanish,
    who promptly closed the palace gates, locked out his army, butchered his
    bodyguards and, as per tradition, kidnapped the emperor and held him to
    ransom. Like Maduro, Atahualpa was handed a set of trumped up legal
    charges rCo in this case rCyidolatryrCO and adultery (the emperor enjoyed many
    wives). His kidnapping lasted 8 months before the Spanish strangled him
    with an iron collar, but not before being forcibly baptised as rCyDon
    FranciscorCO after his conqueror and tormentor, Francisco Pizarro.

    It did not surprise me to see that Nicolas Maduro, too, has already
    ended up in todayrCOs cultural equivalent of the ritual humiliation once
    offered as forced baptism. Maduro and his sovereignty were instantly
    mocked online, videos of American eagles eyeing up his power, were
    quickly reposted on Donald TrumprCOs Truth Social feed. Stuck in his cell
    in New York, awaiting trial, Maduro will take little comfort in the
    knowledge that herCOs just the latest Latin American leader to go through
    this process.


    Max Horder

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Noah Sombrero@fedora@fea.st to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 14:55:37 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    On Mon, 5 Jan 2026 10:53:13 -0800, Dude <punditster@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 1/5/2026 6:56 AM, Noah Sombrero wrote:
    On Mon, 5 Jan 2026 13:23:37 +0000, Julian <julianlzb87@gmail.com>
    wrote:

    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny
    exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from
    previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Watch out, a supposed anthropologist is going to say good things about
    hilmbo.

    Question:

    Who is this "hilbo" of which you speak?

    Other questions:

    Why don't you write in English?

    How many native Americans did the French Canadians kidnap?

    Who cares?


    Donald TrumpAs capture of Nicolas Maduro, President of Venezuela, is no
    exception. Kidnapping Latin American emperors is a continental
    tradition. ItAs simply most practical method for breaking the chain of
    command in the region. It triggers succession chaos, enables the
    extraction of resources, and keeps the rest of the hierarchy more or
    less intact. In earlier centuries, it was Spain and Portugal. Today,
    itAs the United States.

    In the colonial era, the objective was to secure enough gold to beat
    European rivals. Now, with an astonishing 90 per cent of VenezuelaAs oil >>> produce heading to China, itAs about ensuring dominance over East Asia.
    And there has never been a better way of establishing dominance than by
    carrying out a good kidnapping.

    The first to try it in Latin America were the original Spanish
    conquerors led by Christopher Columbus. When he sunk his leather boots
    into the warm Caribbean sands in 1492, he discovered a continent of
    unprecedented size and a near-endless source of human slaves. But
    military resistance was immediate, and an Indian chieftain called
    Caonab< was the fiercest of all, directing surprise attacks that killed
    nearly all the men Columbus left on the islands when he regularly popped >>> back to Spain. When the Admiral heard the news, he sent a terrible
    deputy, Alonso de Ojeda, to sort out Caonab< and eradicate any opposition. >>>
    Ojeda, approaching the Indian chieftain peacefully with a mere handful
    of men, offered the chief some polished brass handcuffs and shackles,
    saying that they were aroyal ornamentsA worn by kings in Spain that
    offered them divine and magical properties. Caonab< believed him. And so >>> he let the Spaniard put them on. Then, Ojeda snapped them shut,
    kidnapped the chief, and galloped back to his settlement u effectively
    decapitating the nativeAs leadership. The entire culture crumbled soon
    after, and slaves poured into Seville. And I imagine the sketching of
    Caonab<As face looked just like the pep shots of Maduro that have been
    circulating on social media today.

    A few decades later, the conquistador Hernbn Cortos landed in
    Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, and discovered yet another
    ancient civilization. This time, though, the sheer scale and
    sophistication of the Aztecs surpassed even the greatest cities back in
    Europe. The Emperor Moctezuma II, feeling untroubled by a couple hundred >>> badly smelling foreigners, invited him into the city to show Cortos his
    personal aviary. The conquistador, following the Spanish tradition,
    immediately kidnapped him and put him under palace arrest.

    Much like TrumpAs recent announcement that the US would be running
    Venezuela for the time being, Cortos, too, governed the Aztec empire
    with Moctezuma as a puppet. The successful kidnap meant gold flowed back >>> to Spain in abundance, but the emperor himself soon died after being
    taken onto the palace rooftop to try and calm his subjects. One of them, >>> unhappy with the emperorAs performance, ended the whole charade by
    throwing a rock at his head.

    Perhaps the most uncanny example happened a few years later, when
    another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, landed on the shores of >>> Peru to discover an even bigger empire: the Inca. Their emperor,
    Atahualpa, also looked upon these straggly foreigners with little cause
    for concern. A gambling man, Pizarro took the biggest risk of his life
    by getting his priest to read the Inca emperor the Requerimiento; a
    forced submission to Christianity with cultural roots in the Moorish
    tradition, recently expunged from Spain, of the summons to accept Islam
    or be attacked.

    Atahualpa refused, as all self-respecting Latin American emperors did in >>> the face of foreign conquest, but misjudged the cunning of the Spanish,
    who promptly closed the palace gates, locked out his army, butchered his >>> bodyguards and, as per tradition, kidnapped the emperor and held him to
    ransom. Like Maduro, Atahualpa was handed a set of trumped up legal
    charges u in this case aidolatryA and adultery (the emperor enjoyed many >>> wives). His kidnapping lasted 8 months before the Spanish strangled him
    with an iron collar, but not before being forcibly baptised as aDon
    FranciscoA after his conqueror and tormentor, Francisco Pizarro.

    It did not surprise me to see that Nicolas Maduro, too, has already
    ended up in todayAs cultural equivalent of the ritual humiliation once
    offered as forced baptism. Maduro and his sovereignty were instantly
    mocked online, videos of American eagles eyeing up his power, were
    quickly reposted on Donald TrumpAs Truth Social feed. Stuck in his cell
    in New York, awaiting trial, Maduro will take little comfort in the
    knowledge that heAs just the latest Latin American leader to go through
    this process.


    Max Horder
    --
    Noah Sombrero mustachioed villain
    Don't get political with me young man
    or I'll tie you to a railroad track and
    <<<talk>>> to <<<YOOooooo>>>
    Who dares to talk to El Sombrero?
    dares: Ned
    does not dare: Julian shrinks in horror and warns others away

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Noah Sombrero@fedora@fea.st to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 14:57:30 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    On Mon, 5 Jan 2026 18:20:27 -0000 (UTC), Tara <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 12:54:09?PM EST, "Noah Sombrero" <fedora@fea.st> wrote:

    On Mon, 5 Jan 2026 16:11:59 -0000 (UTC), Tara <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 11:02:19?AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 10:52:46?AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 8:23:37?AM EST, "Julian" <julianlzb87@gmail.com> wrote: >>>>>
    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny
    exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from >>>>>> previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Donald Trump?s capture of Nicolas Maduro, President of Venezuela, is no >>>>>> exception. Kidnapping Latin American emperors is a continental
    tradition. It?s simply most practical method for breaking the chain of >>>>>> command in the region. It triggers succession chaos, enables the
    extraction of resources, and keeps the rest of the hierarchy more or >>>>>> less intact. In earlier centuries, it was Spain and Portugal. Today, >>>>>> it?s the United States.

    In the colonial era, the objective was to secure enough gold to beat >>>>>> European rivals. Now, with an astonishing 90 per cent of Venezuela?s oil >>>>>> produce heading to China, it?s about ensuring dominance over East Asia. >>>>>> And there has never been a better way of establishing dominance than by >>>>>> carrying out a good kidnapping.

    The first to try it in Latin America were the original Spanish
    conquerors led by Christopher Columbus. When he sunk his leather boots >>>>>> into the warm Caribbean sands in 1492, he discovered a continent of >>>>>> unprecedented size and a near-endless source of human slaves. But
    military resistance was immediate, and an Indian chieftain called
    Caonab< was the fiercest of all, directing surprise attacks that killed >>>>>> nearly all the men Columbus left on the islands when he regularly popped >>>>>> back to Spain. When the Admiral heard the news, he sent a terrible >>>>>> deputy, Alonso de Ojeda, to sort out Caonab< and eradicate any opposition.

    Ojeda, approaching the Indian chieftain peacefully with a mere handful >>>>>> of men, offered the chief some polished brass handcuffs and shackles, >>>>>> saying that they were ?royal ornaments? worn by kings in Spain that >>>>>> offered them divine and magical properties. Caonab< believed him. And so >>>>>> he let the Spaniard put them on. Then, Ojeda snapped them shut,
    kidnapped the chief, and galloped back to his settlement ? effectively >>>>>> decapitating the native?s leadership. The entire culture crumbled soon >>>>>> after, and slaves poured into Seville. And I imagine the sketching of >>>>>> Caonab<?s face looked just like the pep shots of Maduro that have been >>>>>> circulating on social media today.

    A few decades later, the conquistador Hernbn Cortos landed in
    Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, and discovered yet another
    ancient civilization. This time, though, the sheer scale and
    sophistication of the Aztecs surpassed even the greatest cities back in >>>>>> Europe. The Emperor Moctezuma II, feeling untroubled by a couple hundred >>>>>> badly smelling foreigners, invited him into the city to show Cortos his >>>>>> personal aviary. The conquistador, following the Spanish tradition, >>>>>> immediately kidnapped him and put him under palace arrest.

    Much like Trump?s recent announcement that the US would be running >>>>>> Venezuela for the time being, Cortos, too, governed the Aztec empire >>>>>> with Moctezuma as a puppet. The successful kidnap meant gold flowed back >>>>>> to Spain in abundance, but the emperor himself soon died after being >>>>>> taken onto the palace rooftop to try and calm his subjects. One of them, >>>>>> unhappy with the emperor?s performance, ended the whole charade by >>>>>> throwing a rock at his head.

    Perhaps the most uncanny example happened a few years later, when
    another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, landed on the shores of >>>>>> Peru to discover an even bigger empire: the Inca. Their emperor,
    Atahualpa, also looked upon these straggly foreigners with little cause >>>>>> for concern. A gambling man, Pizarro took the biggest risk of his life >>>>>> by getting his priest to read the Inca emperor the Requerimiento; a >>>>>> forced submission to Christianity with cultural roots in the Moorish >>>>>> tradition, recently expunged from Spain, of the summons to accept Islam >>>>>> or be attacked.

    Atahualpa refused, as all self-respecting Latin American emperors did in >>>>>> the face of foreign conquest, but misjudged the cunning of the Spanish, >>>>>> who promptly closed the palace gates, locked out his army, butchered his >>>>>> bodyguards and, as per tradition, kidnapped the emperor and held him to >>>>>> ransom. Like Maduro, Atahualpa was handed a set of trumped up legal >>>>>> charges ? in this case ?idolatry? and adultery (the emperor enjoyed many >>>>>> wives). His kidnapping lasted 8 months before the Spanish strangled him >>>>>> with an iron collar, but not before being forcibly baptised as ?Don >>>>>> Francisco? after his conqueror and tormentor, Francisco Pizarro.

    It did not surprise me to see that Nicolas Maduro, too, has already >>>>>> ended up in today?s cultural equivalent of the ritual humiliation once >>>>>> offered as forced baptism. Maduro and his sovereignty were instantly >>>>>> mocked online, videos of American eagles eyeing up his power, were >>>>>> quickly reposted on Donald Trump?s Truth Social feed. Stuck in his cell >>>>>> in New York, awaiting trial, Maduro will take little comfort in the >>>>>> knowledge that he?s just the latest Latin American leader to go through >>>>>> this process.


    Max Horder



    "We learn from history that we do not learn from history"
    - Hegel

    Hegel didn't actually say this but it sounds good anyway.

    Hegel did say:
    "But what experience and history teach is this, - that peoples and governments
    never have learned anything from history, or acted on principles deduced from
    it."


    I disagree on a personal level. I think that if an experience is profound >>> enough, we learn to not repeat it.

    On an individual level that is true. Once humans become a group
    though, group thinking tends to take over.

    Groups are comfy and lack personal responsibility.

    Otherwise known as the madness of crowds.

    From my observation, most choose group 'love'.
    --
    Noah Sombrero mustachioed villain
    Don't get political with me young man
    or I'll tie you to a railroad track and
    <<<talk>>> to <<<YOOooooo>>>
    Who dares to talk to El Sombrero?
    dares: Ned
    does not dare: Julian shrinks in horror and warns others away

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Dude@punditster@gmail.com to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 12:55:51 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    On 1/5/2026 11:55 AM, Noah Sombrero wrote:
    On Mon, 5 Jan 2026 10:53:13 -0800, Dude <punditster@gmail.com> wrote:

    On 1/5/2026 6:56 AM, Noah Sombrero wrote:
    On Mon, 5 Jan 2026 13:23:37 +0000, Julian <julianlzb87@gmail.com>
    wrote:

    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny
    exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from
    previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Watch out, a supposed anthropologist is going to say good things about
    hilmbo.

    Question:

    Who is this "hilbo" of which you speak?

    Other questions:

    Why don't you write in English?

    How many native Americans did the French Canadians kidnap?

    Who cares?

    One of the first rules of internet chat rooms:

    1. Make yourself look good.
    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2
  • From Dude@punditster@gmail.com to alt.buddha.short.fat.guy on Mon Jan 5 13:03:28 2026
    From Newsgroup: alt.buddha.short.fat.guy

    On 1/5/2026 11:57 AM, Noah Sombrero wrote:
    On Mon, 5 Jan 2026 18:20:27 -0000 (UTC), Tara <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 12:54:09?PM EST, "Noah Sombrero" <fedora@fea.st> wrote:

    On Mon, 5 Jan 2026 16:11:59 -0000 (UTC), Tara <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 11:02:19?AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 10:52:46?AM EST, "Tara" <tsm@fastmail.ca> wrote:

    On Jan 5, 2026 at 8:23:37?AM EST, "Julian" <julianlzb87@gmail.com> wrote:

    One of the few benefits of being an anthropologist is the uncanny >>>>>>> exhilaration one feels watching novel current events as re-runs from >>>>>>> previous episodes in the history of mankind.

    Donald Trump?s capture of Nicolas Maduro, President of Venezuela, is no >>>>>>> exception. Kidnapping Latin American emperors is a continental
    tradition. It?s simply most practical method for breaking the chain of >>>>>>> command in the region. It triggers succession chaos, enables the >>>>>>> extraction of resources, and keeps the rest of the hierarchy more or >>>>>>> less intact. In earlier centuries, it was Spain and Portugal. Today, >>>>>>> it?s the United States.

    In the colonial era, the objective was to secure enough gold to beat >>>>>>> European rivals. Now, with an astonishing 90 per cent of Venezuela?s oil
    produce heading to China, it?s about ensuring dominance over East Asia. >>>>>>> And there has never been a better way of establishing dominance than by >>>>>>> carrying out a good kidnapping.

    The first to try it in Latin America were the original Spanish
    conquerors led by Christopher Columbus. When he sunk his leather boots >>>>>>> into the warm Caribbean sands in 1492, he discovered a continent of >>>>>>> unprecedented size and a near-endless source of human slaves. But >>>>>>> military resistance was immediate, and an Indian chieftain called >>>>>>> Caonab|| was the fiercest of all, directing surprise attacks that killed
    nearly all the men Columbus left on the islands when he regularly popped
    back to Spain. When the Admiral heard the news, he sent a terrible >>>>>>> deputy, Alonso de Ojeda, to sort out Caonab|| and eradicate any opposition.

    Ojeda, approaching the Indian chieftain peacefully with a mere handful >>>>>>> of men, offered the chief some polished brass handcuffs and shackles, >>>>>>> saying that they were ?royal ornaments? worn by kings in Spain that >>>>>>> offered them divine and magical properties. Caonab|| believed him. And so
    he let the Spaniard put them on. Then, Ojeda snapped them shut,
    kidnapped the chief, and galloped back to his settlement ? effectively >>>>>>> decapitating the native?s leadership. The entire culture crumbled soon >>>>>>> after, and slaves poured into Seville. And I imagine the sketching of >>>>>>> Caonab||?s face looked just like the pep shots of Maduro that have been >>>>>>> circulating on social media today.

    A few decades later, the conquistador Hern|in Cort|-s landed in
    Tenochtitlan, present-day Mexico City, and discovered yet another >>>>>>> ancient civilization. This time, though, the sheer scale and
    sophistication of the Aztecs surpassed even the greatest cities back in >>>>>>> Europe. The Emperor Moctezuma II, feeling untroubled by a couple hundred
    badly smelling foreigners, invited him into the city to show Cort|-s his
    personal aviary. The conquistador, following the Spanish tradition, >>>>>>> immediately kidnapped him and put him under palace arrest.

    Much like Trump?s recent announcement that the US would be running >>>>>>> Venezuela for the time being, Cort|-s, too, governed the Aztec empire >>>>>>> with Moctezuma as a puppet. The successful kidnap meant gold flowed back
    to Spain in abundance, but the emperor himself soon died after being >>>>>>> taken onto the palace rooftop to try and calm his subjects. One of them,
    unhappy with the emperor?s performance, ended the whole charade by >>>>>>> throwing a rock at his head.

    Perhaps the most uncanny example happened a few years later, when >>>>>>> another Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, landed on the shores of
    Peru to discover an even bigger empire: the Inca. Their emperor, >>>>>>> Atahualpa, also looked upon these straggly foreigners with little cause >>>>>>> for concern. A gambling man, Pizarro took the biggest risk of his life >>>>>>> by getting his priest to read the Inca emperor the Requerimiento; a >>>>>>> forced submission to Christianity with cultural roots in the Moorish >>>>>>> tradition, recently expunged from Spain, of the summons to accept Islam >>>>>>> or be attacked.

    Atahualpa refused, as all self-respecting Latin American emperors did in
    the face of foreign conquest, but misjudged the cunning of the Spanish, >>>>>>> who promptly closed the palace gates, locked out his army, butchered his
    bodyguards and, as per tradition, kidnapped the emperor and held him to >>>>>>> ransom. Like Maduro, Atahualpa was handed a set of trumped up legal >>>>>>> charges ? in this case ?idolatry? and adultery (the emperor enjoyed many
    wives). His kidnapping lasted 8 months before the Spanish strangled him >>>>>>> with an iron collar, but not before being forcibly baptised as ?Don >>>>>>> Francisco? after his conqueror and tormentor, Francisco Pizarro. >>>>>>>
    It did not surprise me to see that Nicolas Maduro, too, has already >>>>>>> ended up in today?s cultural equivalent of the ritual humiliation once >>>>>>> offered as forced baptism. Maduro and his sovereignty were instantly >>>>>>> mocked online, videos of American eagles eyeing up his power, were >>>>>>> quickly reposted on Donald Trump?s Truth Social feed. Stuck in his cell >>>>>>> in New York, awaiting trial, Maduro will take little comfort in the >>>>>>> knowledge that he?s just the latest Latin American leader to go through >>>>>>> this process.


    Max Horder



    "We learn from history that we do not learn from history"
    - Hegel

    Hegel didn't actually say this but it sounds good anyway.

    Hegel did say:
    "But what experience and history teach is this, - that peoples and governments
    never have learned anything from history, or acted on principles deduced from
    it."


    I disagree on a personal level. I think that if an experience is profound >>>> enough, we learn to not repeat it.

    On an individual level that is true. Once humans become a group
    though, group thinking tends to take over.

    Groups are comfy and lack personal responsibility.

    Otherwise known as the madness of crowds.

    From my observation, most choose group 'love'

    Those who know no history are doomed to repeat it, while those who know
    it are doomed to witness them repeat it.
    .

    --- Synchronet 3.21a-Linux NewsLink 1.2