• Re: ISP router [Was: Yes, You Need A Firewall On Linux - =?UTF-8?Q?Here=E2=80=99s?= Why And Which To Use]

    From candycanearter07@candycanearter07@candycanearter07.nomail.afraid to comp.os.linux.misc on Fri Aug 29 19:40:03 2025
    From Newsgroup: comp.os.linux.misc

    Lawrence DrCOOliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote at 23:12 this Saturday (GMT):
    On Sat, 23 Aug 2025 11:23:52 +0100, The Natural Philosopher wrote:

    The OSI model was just more academic spaff. Most hardware/software
    broke that model anyway.

    Not sure what a better alternative is, which is why still use it, or
    at least parts of it. My interpretation:

    Layer 0
    -- the laws of physics. Our starting point for building everything
    Layer 1
    -- the physical connection. Might be a wire, might be radio waves,
    cans connected by string, whatever.
    Layer 2
    -- the point-to-point communication protocol
    Layer 3
    -- routing layer
    Layer 4
    -- end-node-to-end-node communication
    Layer 5
    -- process on one node communicating with process on another node
    Layer 6
    -- not really meaningful
    Layer 7
    -- the actual applications the user wants to run
    Layer 8
    -- the human user

    So you're saying a Social Engineering attack could be called a Layer 8
    attack?

    If you look for example at IEEE802, then thatrCOs kind of a split across layer 1 and layer 2. IEEE802.2 defines the MAC layer, with those rCLMAC addressesrCY werCOre all familiar with, which is point-to-point but hardware-independent. Then IEEE802.x for x reN 3 defines all the various options for a hardware-dependent layer under that. E.g. 802.3 is (near enough) what we call rCLEthernetrCY, 802.11 is wi-fi, and so on.


    So that's why wifi is called 802.11 sometimes, cool!
    --
    user <candycane> is generated from /dev/urandom
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  • From rbowman@bowman@montana.com to comp.os.linux.misc on Sat Aug 30 05:59:44 2025
    From Newsgroup: comp.os.linux.misc

    On Fri, 29 Aug 2025 19:40:03 -0000 (UTC), candycanearter07 wrote:

    So that's why wifi is called 802.11 sometimes, cool!

    Or 802.11l, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11q, 802.11t ... Not really, but there
    are a lot of protocols.
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  • From Lawrence =?iso-8859-13?q?D=FFOliveiro?=@ldo@nz.invalid to comp.os.linux.misc on Sat Aug 30 06:36:24 2025
    From Newsgroup: comp.os.linux.misc

    On Sat, 23 Aug 2025 23:12:37 -0000 (UTC), I wrote:

    Layer 6
    -- not really meaningful

    Actually, I think this would be a good place to put encryption transport layers like SSH and TLS. Because they are not really applications (Layer
    7) in themselves, they secure access to those applications.
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  • From Lawrence =?iso-8859-13?q?D=FFOliveiro?=@ldo@nz.invalid to comp.os.linux.misc on Sun Aug 31 01:25:59 2025
    From Newsgroup: comp.os.linux.misc

    On Sat, 30 Aug 2025 10:36:19 +0200, Marc Haber wrote:

    Lawrence D-|Oliveiro <ldo@nz.invalid> wrote:

    My interpretation:

    The problem is that everybody interprets the layers between 4 and 7 differently. Especially when the marketingdroids come into the game, you
    can forget clear communication.

    You interpretation is just adding another kind of ambiguoity.

    IrCOm not aware of any interpretations that would conflict with the ones I posted for layers 3, 4, 5 and 7. They are straight out of the original OSI concept, after all.

    Layer 9, politics.
    Layer 10, religion.

    Just class both as rCLideologyrCY. As in rCLanything that is not only separated
    from reality, but often in direct conflict with itrCY.
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