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The ARES(R) Letter
[https://www.arrl.org/ares]


Editor: Rick Palm, K1CE [ mailto:k1ce@arrl.net ] - December 18, 2024

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In This Issue:
Γ-óARES(R) Briefs/Links
Γ-óLA County EMS Agency Conducts Medical Response and Surge Exercise (MRSE) Γ-óA Noisy Drill: San Diego ARES Volunteers Power Through Unexpected Challenges Γ-óHardcore Amateur Radio Medical Communications at the Medtronic Twin Cities Marathon
Γ-óK1CE for a Final
Γ-óARES(R) Resources
Γ-óSupport ARES(R): Join ARRL

ARES(R) Briefs, Links

Winter Field Day [ https://winterfieldday.org/ ] is next month, January 25-26, organized by the Winter Field Day Association. It's a perfect opportunity to practice portable emergency communications in winter environments that pose unique operational
concerns.

SKYWARN Recognition Day [ https://www.weather.gov/crh/skywarnrecognition ] (SRD) was held earlier this month, on December 7. Results to follow. The annual event celebrated its 25th anniversary. SRD was established in 1999 by the National Weather Service
and ARRL(R) to commemorate the contributions of SKYWARN volunteers. In a video posted to the SRD web page, National Weather Service Director Ken Graham, WX4KEG, said the information ham radio operators and other SKYWARN volunteers provide is critical,
concluding "I, along with the entire National Weather Service, want to acknowledge and thank you for your invaluable service to the communities we serve."

The Air Force Military Auxiliary Radio System [ https://www.acc.af.mil/Units/CCC/MILITARY-AUXILIARY-RADIO-SYSTEM/ ] (AFMARS) celebrated its service to United States Military and civilian government organizations November 5-11. This was the "Air Force
MARS 76 Years" special event and included communications on amateur HF bands (80-6 meters) in the General licensee portion of the band and in the Technician licensee portion of 10 meters using SSB, CW, and digital modes.

Pennsylvania Auxiliary Communications Service [ https://www.pemaauxcom.org/ ] (ACS) members registered with ServePA [ https://serv.pa.gov/ ] received a text, email, and/or phone/cell phone message on October 22, commencing the PA ACS communications
exercise held in conjunction with the Susquehanna Steam Electric Station (a two-unit nuclear power plant located in Salem Township, Luzerne County) Nuclear Regulatory Commission biennial radiological emergency preparedness exercise. Amateur radio
operators in the region's counties were encouraged to check in via Winlink, VHF, or HF radio. Information requested in return included: Zip code, current wind direction, wind speed, and major traffic congestion (if any). "These drills are held every
other year to evaluate government's ability to protect public health and safety," said MaryAnn Tierney, Regional Administrator for FEMA Region 3. "We will assess state and local government emergency response capabilities within the 10-mile Em
ergency Planning Zone within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania." PA ACS used the exercise to test alerting procedures, and message handling via Winlink, VHF or HF radio, and DMR. -- Courtesy of Blair ARES Alert! newsletter of the Blair County,
Pennsylvania, Amateur Radio Emergency Service. -- Emergency Coordinator Kevin Lear, W3XOX, and Editor Drew McGhee, KA3EJV.

ARRL ARES Task Book Updated -- The ARES(R) Task Book is an important resource and reference for the Amateur Radio Emergency Service(R). ARRL Director of Emergency Management Josh Johnston, KE5MHV, joined the On the Air Podcast [ https://blubrry.com/
arrlontheair ] to talk about the task book's place in a radio amateur's training plan, as well as recent updates to the task book. The On the Air podcast is a monthly companion to On the Air, a magazine for beginner-­to-intermediate ham radio operators,
produced by ARRL.

The 2025 National Hurricane Conference [ https://hurricanemeeting.com/ ] will be held April 14-17 in New Orleans. The primary goal of the National Hurricane Conference is to improve hurricane preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation in order to
save lives and property in the United States and the tropical islands of the Caribbean and Pacific. In addition, the conference serves as a national forum for federal, state, and local officials to exchange ideas and recommend new policies to improve
emergency management. A large amateur radio community presence is involved with the always-popular amateur radio workshop.

[https://cometantenna.com/amateur-radio/mobile-antennas/ma-dual-band/]


LA County EMS Agency Conducts Medical Response and Surge Exercise (MRSE)

The LA County (Los Angeles, California) EMS Agency conducted its annual Medical Response and Surge Exercise (MRSE) on November 21, 2024. It showcased exemplary collaboration among the Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES), local hospitals, and the Los
Angeles County Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Agency's Medical Alert Center (MAC). This annual large-scale, county-driven exercise of the LA County Healthcare Coalition is pivotal in fortifying resilient relationships within our community in Los
Angeles County.

Every year the LA County Healthcare Coalition [ https://www.lacountyhcc.org/trainings-exercises-drills/mrse-medical-response-surge-exercise/2024-mrse ] brings together LA County Agencies, hospitals, ARES LAX Northeast [ https://www.laxnortheast.org/ ] ,
ambulatory surgery centers, clinics, dialysis centers, and many more health care providers to practice their surge response realistic scenarios. In 2024, the scenario was a train derailment with ensuing HAZMAT situation and large-scale fires. The
exercise called for surging 1,700 hospital beds across LA County hospitals, which represents 10% of the total. Major hospitals exercised surge care for 20-25 burn patients. The MRSE is designed to test the surge response of all healthcare coalition
partners and identify any potential gaps.

ARES LAX Northeast participated in its role as a backup communication channel. Day to day communications between Los Angeles medical facilities and the county agencies are conducted over ReddiNet, a sophisticated software system to manage mass casualty
incidents, provide bed availability and hospital service level reports and send resource requests. ARES is tasked with providing internet-independent voice and data networks that can transmit hospital service levels, bed availability reports, and
spreadsheet and word documents such as resource requests and polls as a backup to ReddiNet. Traffic is two way: hospitals report bed availability (HAvBED) and send resource requests, while the Medical Alert Center (MAC) is sending out polls to assess
capabilities and developments over time.

2-meter and 70-centimeter voice and data are the core of our ARES operations. VARA FM takes center stage and is paired with VARA Chat, Winlink, and PinpointAPRS. This setup combines reasonably fast document transmission speeds and service level updates
via tactical frequencies.

ARES Exercise Objectives and Achievements

Sustained Communications: ARES operators maintained both voice and digital communications for 12 LA County medical facilities and the MAC, supporting eight hospitals. ARES LAX Northwest supported two hospitals and ARES LAX South one hospital.

Internet-Independent Networking: The MAC received 84 digital messages via Winlink and VARA Chat, including 16 resource requests. This efficient traffic management underscores the importance of alternative communication methods during emergencies. ARES
LAX Digital Net Control Jeff Liter, W2JCL, passed documents received via amateur radio directly to the Medical Alert Center operations desk.

Hospital Service Level Reporting: Operators used APRS with VARA FM to provide real-time service levels. While some stations faced challenges with APRS, they adapted by reporting service levels through HAvBED reports or direct communication, highlighting
the adaptability of our teams. Live tactical PinpointAPRS maps are popular among radio operators and hospital and county staff alike, as they provide fast situational awareness checks.

Takeaways
Γ-óRoom for growth: with 69 911 receiving hospitals in LA County there is room for ARES to grow and to encourage more radio operators to support their local hospitals.
Γ-óVHF/UHF antennas at hospitals: Hospitals with VHF/UHF antennas installed on the roof and terminated near their emergency operations center enjoyed faster communications compared to their peers. It was easier for radio operators to plug their own radio
equipment into the hospital-provided antenna, and connect those hospitals with the MAC and other facilities via RF. Radio operators could take full advantage of antenna height and line-of-sight. Moreover, radio operator proximity to the EOC made for
quicker message turn-arounds, especially with more complex messages like resource requests.
Γ-óRegular practice: thanks to LAXNORTHEAST's weekly digital and voice nets and 5th Saturday deployment exercises, radio operators were proficient with radio technology, operations and organizational procedures. They could therefore focus on supporting
hospital and LA County exercise objectives during the MRSE.

Team Effort
Oliver Dully, K6OLI, District Emergency Coordinator for ARES LAX Northeast, said "We are grateful for the ongoing collaboration with our partners at the LA County MAC and the hospitals we serve. The LA County Medical Alert Center has defined a clear
communications function for ARES: provide internet independent voice and radio networks that can transport complex and changing messages, such as resource requests, polls and other documents. Many of our ARES operators took the day off from work to
participate and demonstrate their commitment to resilient emergency communications in LA County. We are very grateful for their enthusiasm, time, and skill."

The radio operations success of this exercise is attributed to the dedication of our ARES operators. Their commitment, alongside the support from hospital partners and the LA County MAC, was instrumental in achieving the exercise's objectives.

Conclusion
Large-scale exercises like the MRSE require significant resources from all participants but are essential for building resilient relationships within the community. The positive learning environment, high level of training, and mission-focused teamwork
displayed during this exercise exemplify the strength of our collective efforts. Though ARES plays a small role in a large operation, communications are a critical part of resilience and preparedness. "We are grateful to our healthcare partners for their
invitation and collaboration, as well as to our operators for their enthusiasm and professionalismΓ-"all of which played a pivotal role in the success of the 2024 MRSE!" said DEC Oliver Dully, K6OLI.

ARES(R) Amateur Radio and Public Service
[https://tinyurl.com/2p8d5br2]


A Noisy Drill: San Diego ARES Volunteers Power Through Unexpected Challenges

By Georgina To'a Salazar, KN6ZMT

The jackhammer roared to life, its rhythmic pounding drowning out the crackle of our radios. As I settled into my chair on the campus of Sharp Memorial Hospital, I couldn't help but feel a sense of irony. We were here to practice emergency communications,
but it seemed the construction crew had other plans.

This was my first time volunteering with the San Diego Amateur Radio Emergency Service [ https://www.sdgares.net/ ] (ARES); we volunteer our time and skills to assist in emergency communications. Before moving back to San Diego, I learned about ARES in
Santa Clara County (California). As a new ham with a passion for emergency communications, I was excited to join hams who regularly volunteer their time, equipment, and expertise to aid civil authorities in times of need. San Diego ARES provided
exceptional supported opportunities for hams looking to grow.

Robert Morgan, W6OHJ, did a fabulous job of organizing and coordinating communication among the various stations in his first time directing traffic as net control operator. In this case, the served authorities were the San Diego Healthcare Disaster
Coalition and the County of San Diego Public Health Preparedness and Response. On October 24, 2024, they conducted the countyΓ-Éwide medical emergency exercise. This was a drill with the goals of optimizing planning, enhancing information sharing, and
improving resource coordination.

A crucial aspect of the drill was practicing communication support under degraded conditions. This meant a scenario in which traditional communication methods, such as phones and the internet, might be compromised. While the objective was clear, the
unexpected noise presented a unique challenge. It was so intense that we couldn't communicate with our teammates at the same table, let alone transmit an intelligible voice message. Despite the chaos, our team adapted to the situation.

As a new participant, I was assigned to work with two experienced hams: Bill Sefton, N6OWF, and Charlie Zigelman, AC6CZ. Charlie had participated in previous drills. This was Bill's third hospital drill. He had provided communications support for eight
endurance running events in the San Diego County mountains and deserts. Our team's operation built on this experience from prior drills and realΓ-Éworld events. Besides the rigorous voice setΓ-Éup, Charlie could rely on Winlink, a digital mode that
enables communication via email. Having multiple modes available ensured reliable delivery.

As the drill progressed, the jackhammering continued, a constant reminder of the realΓ-Éworld challenges that could impact emergency response efforts. Joining the hospital staff in the board room where they worked through the drill, we were relieved to
find that they were wrapping up. We had successfully navigated the noisy environment and maintained essential communication.

"The volunteerism of San Diego ARES members was overwhelming," reported Assistant Section Manager Rob Freeburn, K6RJF. "Sixty ARES members carved time out of their busy schedules to support twenty medical facilities during an exercise on a Thursday
morning, a workday for many." Freeburn also said "we are also appreciative of the voice repeater owners and Winlink gateway system operators who keep their equipment in tipΓ-Étop operating condition 24/7/365."

While the day had been filled with unexpected challenges, it had also been a valuable learning experience. For one, while we couldn't control the construction noise, we could have mitigated its impact and improved our ability to communicate by using
noiseΓ-Écancelling headphones. We are now better prepared to handle future emergencies, no matter how noisy they might be.

Hardcore Amateur Radio Medical Communications at the Medtronic Twin Cities Marathon

By Erik Westgard, NY9D, Medical Communications Lead, Medtronic Twin Cities Marathon

Hams are very involved in the communications aspects of many marathon races in the US. The exact role varies slightly with each race organizer. At our event, we are part of the 300-person volunteer medical team, which manages medical communications for
the event itself. One of our Unified Command members from the Fire Department said at the Hot Wash, "If you read after-action reports, a lot of problems at large incidents are communications related" Γ-" a hint that this area needs continued focus and
attention.

Our medical department (a runner-facing strike team under Operations in NIMS lingo) is stationed in the medical tent, at aid stations, finish line area and out on the course. They are trained to perform triage, and to deliver as much care as they feel
qualified and equipped for. So, in EMS and CERT lingo, a primary focus for us is on "green" or easier cases. More serious casesΓ-""yellow" or "red" Γ-"are referred out without delay (call 911) to our government-run EMS partners. The idea isΓ-"skinned
knee or a blister, or a bit of overheating-we manage as directed by qualified providers. This reduces the load and stress on the limited regional supplies of hospital (ER) beds and EMS rigs.

In a serious, life-threatening situation such as a suspected heart attack, 911 is called instantly, and we track the progress (usually location and correct race bib #) of dispatches with our partners. A joint response is often called for--a police
officer or volunteer bike medic might be first on scene, performs CPR, and then the EMS rig rolls up and takes over. In some situations, 911 is called, a rig is sent, but our medic says the person is up and chatting and the 911 call can be cancelled. Two
or three calls to the same point can be tricky--is it one or are there three runners down? Ham reports that are live and time stamped with bib numbers help resolve (deconflict) them.

One of the most important users of our reports database is the Family Information Tent, where anxious families can learn where their loved one is and their condition. Hams provide the where; the health providers privately share the condition details.
Years ago we built a Linux web database that lives in the cloud these days and takes live reports from net controls, aid stations, the medical tent and other locations. The idea is a ham with minimal training and a $20 handheld radio can report a down
runner or one getting on a SAG bus and we have that in front of the Medical Director or EMS leadership or the family tent in near real time, and at scale.

We will often see 300 medical cases in a few hours. There is almost no tactical role for traditional paper forms or email attachments at our race. Live dashboards and query-able databases are expected. This year we again had live plots of medical tent,
and aid station capacity. We, and our EMS partners, do not transmit private medical data on voice radios, ever. The location of a runner bib # is not (I feel) protected in this context, and we work off that. So Bib #1122 needs attention at mile 11, this
intersection. HIPAA calls this a "facility directory"Γ-"location only, no details.

Years ago, the Incident Commander, a local fire chief, was positioned directly outside the medical tent, where six hams ran the show. Now there is an entire floor of a building, in three sections. One is the Race Operations Center, where logistics and
sponsors and other details are managed on 350 rented 12-channel UHF business radios. The EMS desk in the center of the room is staffed by hams and EMS/fire leadership. On the far side is the Multiagency Center, with public safety and emergency management.

For 2024, my main goal was to refine the EMS/medical/ham connection and make it more seamless. In 2022, we had too many resources up in the race operations building and a shortage down in the medical command in the tent across the grounds where the
Medical Director and actual EMS Chief resided. This we fixed. Our interaction with EMS was in person and via our systems which also had live chat. EMS leadership carried our rented event radios this year and were on our ham run, business band nets.
Organizing communications is one of our key value-adds.

We had amazing race day weather for a change. Only a small number (about 200) of the 15,000 race starters dropped out or needed care. The event leadership has been wanting better SAG bus visibility/staffing--we don't have spare hams, so this is referred
to the US Coast Guard Auxiliary. They stepped up and started the process of that information gathering and reporting to our database. The event and EMS staffs are always very happy with volunteer ham/EMS medic carts and the lovely ham command truck
provided by the Hennepin County Sheriff.

Lessons Learned
Γ-óWe did not test the programming of the published course emergency phone, a Google Voice number forwarded to the ham in the Medical Command. It went to the event warehouse manager, which we sorted out.
Γ-óEvents have loved rented radios. They are popular for situational awareness and immediacy. However, they need to be issued, distributed and then returned. Literally everyone has a cell phone already.
Γ-óWe lost the outdoor antennas to our Net Three (St. Paul side) site due to failures and construction. The hams were actually using government P25 cache radios, which were fine, and were online to our system and entering data and in chat but not
reachable from the command post by ham radio.
Γ-óRace leadership asked for a phone calling tree. I did a little of this, but it would have been helpful -- the data was in the volunteer sign up system and could have been printed out and made available. Remember "any means possible"?
Γ-óWe were staffed up but needed one more ham six passenger cart driver. These carts are critical for shuttling lightly injured runners to aid stations. Carts were divided between the race staff (green cases) and EMS (yellow and red cases).
Γ-óWe set up a 45-foot tower trailer and again had Part 15 mesh available to cover most of the eighteen-acre Capitol grounds. We ended up needing a laptop and Internet far from the nearest event Wi-Fi to cover the SAG bus drop off area. Ten feet of TV
mast and a directional antenna sorted that out.
Γ-óWe need more ham tech support for the SAG buses. They had the people and were on radios but were not actually reporting data back to the system.
Γ-óEmergency communications is evolving-fewer paper forms, more live, actionable data.
Γ-óWe love the Homeland Security Information Network (HSIN-Connect) and have used it for sharing our ham radio dashboards and video with public safety for years.
Γ-óThis year, the Race Operations Center Internet was in rough shape due to construction--we could prove regular outages and 5% packet loss on tools like MTR and PingPlotter.
Γ-óWearing my "ICT-BD" hat, I needed to be in there two days before to validate the environment.
Γ-óMetal tinted glass was impacting several agencies radio-wise and I'm lobbying for a "bent pipe" repeater setup.
Γ-óWe brought one of our Starlink dishes but did not have roof access to install it.
Γ-óIf you want to be in charge of stuff and get out of the sleepy "backup/standby" role, you have to move into an operations role more, and deliver critical services.
Γ-óSocial media has a lot of proven creative energy - the idea of hams as trusted field observers and service delivery partners is gaining traction.

Bottom line: We are laser-focused here primarily on medical communications.

K1CE for a Final

It's been a rough year for the victims of natural disasters, but a good year for the efficient/effective responses of well-trained, well-prepared ARES operators and leaders. Thanks for reading the ARRL ARES Letter this year, and special thanks to those
ARES members who wrote so many excellent after-action reports and thought to send them to the editor. Many were gripping, and complete with the all-important lessons learned.

I'd also like to thank the team who supports the ARES Letter editorial process: ARRL Director of Emergency Management Josh Johnston, KE5MHV; Editorial Coordinator Rich Moseson, W2VU, and ARRL Director of Publications & Editorial Becky Schoenfeld, W1BXY.

This was the 20th year of the ARES Letter. It was the brainchild of Harold Kramer, WJ1B, who asked me to serve as editor during our chat at the Orlando Hamcation(R) in February 2005. The first issue came out just prior to the Hurricane Katrina disaster
and response that September. Read the first issue [ http://www.arrl.org/ares-el?issue=2005-08-17&utm_source=Informz&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=ARRL ] .

Happy holidays from the editorial/production staff of the ARRL ARES Letter. - Rick Palm, K1CE

ARES(R) Resources

Γ-óDownload the ARES Manual [PDF] [ http://www.arrl.org/files/file/Public Service/ARES/ARESmanual2015.pdf ]
Γ-óARES Field Resources Manual [PDF] [ http://www.arrl.org/files/file/ARES_FR_Manual.pdf?utm_source=Informz&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=ARRL ]
Γ-óARES Standardized Training Plan Task Book [Fillable PDF] [ https://arrl.informz.net/arrl/data/images/ARES Letter/ARES Taskbook July 2024.pdf ]
Γ-óARES Standardized Training Plan Task Book [Word] [ https://arrl.informz.net/arrl/data/images/ARES Letter/ARES Taskbook July 2024.doc ]
Γ-óARES Plan [ https://arrl.informz.net/arrl/data/images/ARES Letter/ARES PLAN 24(2).pdf ]
Γ-óARES Group Registration [ http://www.arrl.org/ares-group-id-request-form?utm_source=Informz&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=ARRL ]
Γ-óEmergency Communications Training [ http://www.arrl.org/emergency-communications-training?utm_source=Informz&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=ARRL ]

The Amateur Radio Emergency Service(R) (ARES) consists of licensed amateurs who have voluntarily registered their qualifications and equipment with their local ARES leadership, for communications duty in the public service when disaster strikes. Every
licensed amateur, regardless of membership in ARRL or any other local or national organization is eligible to apply for membership in ARES. Training may be required or desired to participate fully in ARES. Please inquire at the local level for specific
information. Because ARES is an amateur radio program, only licensed radio amateurs are eligible for membership. The possession of emergency-powered equipment is desirable, but is not a requirement for membership.

How to Get Involved in ARES: Fill out the ARES Registration form [ http://www.arrl.org/files/file/Public Service/fsd98.pdf ] and submit it to your local Emergency Coordinator.

Support ARES(R): Join ARRL

ARES(R) is a program of ARRL The National Association for Amateur Radio(R) [ https://www.arrl.org/?utm_source=Informz&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=ARRL ] . No other organization works harder than ARRL to promote and protect amateur radio! ARRL members
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Join ARRL or renew today! www.arrl.org/join [ http://www.arrl.org/join?utm_source=Informz&utm_medium=Email&utm_campaign=ARRL ]

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